scholarly journals (A109) Health Workforce and Disaster Preparedness of Rural Hospitals

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
pp. s30-s31
Author(s):  
L. Siegloff ◽  
L. Cusack ◽  
P. Arbon ◽  
A. Hutton ◽  
L. Mayner
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Rural Hospitals ◽  
Hospital Staffing ◽  
The Impact

Following the devastating March 2009 Victorian bushfire disaster in rural areas of Australia, authorities reviewed strategies designed to protect communities during periods of extreme fire risk. New policy and regulation were introduced and designed to ensure that small rural communities were protected and prepared to confront a wildfire emergency during days of extreme heat or bushfire risk weather. As a result on days of declared ‘catastrophic’ bushfire weather conditions government agencies in South Australia have implemented a policy for schools (including pre-schools) to be temporarily closed. On these days community members are advised to evacuate early to safe regional centres, and to limit travel on country roads. The WADEM Guidelines for Disaster Evaluation and Research demonstrate that Basic Societal Functions (BSFs), such as education, health, transport and others, are interconnected and interdependent. For example in small rural communities in South Australia people may have a number of important roles including being parents, volunteers of emergency services while also being employed as staff of local hospitals. This project reviewed the impact of school closures and other protective measures on the availability of the rural nursing workforce and on rural hospitals. Rural hospitals in Australia are staffed, on average, by 2–8 nurses, service very small communities and are separated by great distances. As a result, small changes in the absentee rate for nurses can have a significant impact on the operation of these hospitals. This paper will argue that policy changes in other sectors, such as education, can impact on societal activities such as childcare, volunteer emergency service work, and hospital staffing, in ways that may not be anticipated unless the impact on all Basic Societal Functions are considered by policymakers.

scholarly journals REVITALIZATION OF MOUNTAIN RURAL TOURISM AS A TOOL FOR SUSTAINABLE LOCAL DEVELOPMENT IN KABYLIE (ALGERIA). THE CASE OF YAKOUREN MUNICIPALITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-125
Author(s):  
Amal KELFAOUI ◽  
◽  
Mohamed A. REZZAZ ◽  
Louardi KHERROUR ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Rural Tourism ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Overnight Stays

Our study focuses on the planning and revitalization of mountainous rural tourism to generate income for many rural communities. It targets a community of Great Kabylie in the heart of Djurdjura massif in the eastern part of Tizi-Ouzou province in Algeria. Tourism in these mountainous areas could contribute to rural development, given that it covers 80% of the region and records 13913 tourist overnight stays. Rural tourism can be a valuable tool for local development in the Yakouren municipality. This paper is based on a literature review, field surveys, descriptive and analytical approach to revitalizing mountainous rural tourism in Yakouren, and revealing its potential through various methods, including Butler's theory, SWOT analysis, and elaboration of an indicator grid, and calculation of tourist traffic. From the results, we identified eight segments that attract tourists and five segments that villagers request. Finally, in a conceptual approach, we discuss the impact of this market on rural areas structure and propose some ideas to overcome it. As a result, through constant promotion, Yakouren can benefit from an increase in tourist traffic. Rural tourism in this mountainous community can be an essential source of income, but it requires investment.

Technology Shaping Education in Rural Communities

2018 ◽  
pp. 184-204
Author(s):  
Jillian R. Powers ◽  
Ann T. Musgrove ◽  
Jessica A. Lowe
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Rural Teachers ◽  
Post Secondary ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Grade Levels ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Impact Of Technology ◽  
The Impact

This chapter examines how technology has shaped the teaching and learning process for individuals residing in rural areas. Research on the history and unique needs of rural communities and the impact of technology in these areas is discussed. Educational experiences of students across all grade levels, from early childhood though post-secondary education, is examined. Examples of innovative and creative uses educational technologies in distance and face-to-face settings are described from the perspective of rural teachers and students.

Organizational Description and Emergency Preparedness of Nationally Registered First Responders

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan R. Studnek ◽  
Antonio R. Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
First Responders ◽  
Fire Departments ◽  
Community Size ◽  
Service Type ◽  
In Fire

AbstractIntroduction: This study intended to describe the types of organizations and communities in which Nationally Registered First Responders (NRFR) perform their duties. Also, it aimed to estimate the number of NRFR who received disaster preparedness training. It was hypothesized that NRFR participation in disaster preparedness training was related to the types of organizations and communities in which they performed their duties.Methods: The NRFR re-registering in 2006 were asked to report the organization type and community size in which they work. They also were asked to report the amount and content of preparedness training received during the last 24 months. Multivariable logistic regression modeling was utilized to describe the relationship between NRFR organizational characteristics and the receipt of disaster preparedness training.Results: The analysis included 872 (59%) individuals who completed the survey and reported working for one or more emergency medical services (EMS) organizations. The majority of NRFR performed work in rural areas (75%) and more NRFR reported working for fire departments (61%) than for any other organization type. In all categories of service type, participants who reported working in urban areas had higher odds of receiving disaster preparedness training than those working in rural areas. Additionally, regardless of community size, individuals working in fire departments were more likely to receive disaster preparedness training.Conclusions: This study indicated that the majority of NRFR perform EMS duties for fire departments and work in rural communities. In this sample of NRFR, more than one-quarter did not receive disaster preparedness training within a 24-month period. Finally, a statistical model was constructed that indicated a relationship between service type, community size, and the participation in disaster preparedness training.

scholarly journals Factors affecting prehospital delay in rural and urban patients with stroke: a prospective survey-based study in Southwest Germany

BMC Neurology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias N. Ungerer ◽  
Loraine Busetto ◽  
Nima H. Begli ◽  
Katharina Riehle ◽  
Jens Regula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Stroke Care ◽  
Rural Populations ◽  
Prospective Survey ◽  
Prehospital Delay ◽  
Educational Campaigns

Abstract Background Reducing prehospital delay plays an important role in increasing the thrombolysis rate in patients with stroke. Several studies have identified predictors for presentation ≤4.5 h, but few compared these predictors in urban and rural communities. We aimed to identify predictors of timely presentation to the hospital and identify possible differences between the urban and rural populations. Methods From January to June 2017, we conducted a prospective survey of patients with stroke admitted to an urban comprehensive stroke centre (CSC) and a rural primary care centre (PCC). Predictors were identified using binary logistical regression. Predictors and patient characteristics were then compared between the CSC and PCC. Results Overall, 459 patients were included in our study. We identified hesitation before seeking help, awareness of the existence of a time-window, type of admission and having talked about stroke symptoms with friends/relatives who had previously had a stroke as the strongest predictors for presentation to the emergency room ≤4.5 h. Patients admitted to the rural PCC were more hesitant to seek help and less likely to contact emergency services, even though patients had comparable knowledge pertaining to stroke care concepts. Conclusions Patients from rural areas were more likely to be hesitant to seek help and contacted the EMS less frequently, despite similar self-awareness of having a stroke. Educational campaigns should focus on addressing these disparities in rural populations. Affected patients should also be encouraged to talk about their symptoms and take part in educational campaigns.

scholarly journals The Impact of Geography on Hospital Electronic Health Records Implementation in Alabama

2011 ◽  
Vol 02 (03) ◽  
pp. 270-283
Author(s):  
D. Au ◽  
R. Weech-Maldonado ◽  
S.H. Houser
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Health Records ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
Rural Hospitals ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Motivating Factors ◽  
Health Records ◽  
Electronic Health ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Analyze Data

Summary Background: Given relatively less favorable health outcomes in rural Alabama, electronic health records (EHRs) have an even greater potential to improve quality and alleviate disparities if meaningfully used. Objectives: We examined rural-urban differences as it pertained to perceived barriers, benefits, and motivating factors of EHR implementation. Methods: We used multivariate logistic models to analyze data collected from a state-wide, self-completed survey of health information management directors in Alabama hospitals. Results: Findings from our analyses indicate that fewer rural hospitals (8%) have implemented EHRs as compared with urban hospitals (18%). Rural hospitals were 71% less likely to consider reduction in costs as a benefit of EHRs (OR = 0.29), and were 75% less likely to consider lack of structured technology as a challenge factor of EHR implementation (OR = 0.25). Conclusion: Promotion of EHRs in rural areas is challenging but necessary. Understanding perceived barriers and motivating factors of EHR implementation among rural hospitals can inform policy decisions, especially in light of recent meaningful use initiatives.

scholarly journals EXPLORING THE RURAL DIGITAL LANDSCAPE: LIBRARIES, EQUITY, AND SCALE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Strover ◽  
Alexis Schrubbe
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
State Library ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Digital Landscape

As community anchors and public spaces, libraries are in unique positions to serve emerging 21st century information needs for the unconnected. Some libraries have extended their technology offerings beyond basic computers and Internet to include mobile hotspot lending, which allows patrons to "take home" the Internet from the library. The research in this project examines hotspot lending programs undertaken by the Maine State Library and the Kansas State Library across 24 different libraries in small and rural communities. In the United States, rural areas tend to have lower Internet adoption because many communities face considerable barriers to competitive and fast Internet service, exacerbated by the fact that rural communities tend to be older, of lower-income, and less digitally skilled. This research examines the role of library hotspot lending and how free and mobile-based Internet connects rural communities and serves their information needs. Through qualitative and quantitative assessments this research details the scope and efficacy of programs to reach publics, the impact that rural hotspots have in communities, and the larger information and communications ecosystem in these rural communities in Maine and Kansas.

scholarly journals Pengelolaan Dana Desa di Kecamatan Balong Kabupaten Ponorogo

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Maretha Berlianantiya Muhammad Ridwan Eka Wardani
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Village

<p><em>Poverty often occurs in rural areas rather than urban areas, low education which results in low quality of human resources and lack of access is often the cause of rural poverty. In addition, most of the economies of rural communities rely solely on the traditional agricultural sector. Various poverty reduction policies have been implemented, including village fund policies. This study aims to examine the management of village funds in the Balong sub-district of Madiun Regency with a case study in the villages of Tatung and Karangmojo villages covering the management of village funds in Tatung village and Karangmojo village. Balong Subdistrict and the impact of empowerment in the villages of Tatung and Karangmojo, Balong District. This research was conducted in Balong Subdistrict, Ponorogo Regency with a Case study in Tatung Village and Karangmojo Village with qualitative methods. In the village of Tatung village funds are managed as tourist villages with a focus on Paragliding tourist rides. Whereas in Karangmojo village it is used for Bumdes in the form of Lovebird birds, providing Gapoktan assistance, and infrastructure development.</em></p>

scholarly journals Flexible, Focused Training: Keeps Volunteer Ambulance Officers

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Fahey ◽  
Judith Walker ◽  
Grant Lennox
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
South Australia ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Training Systems ◽  
Rural And Remote Areas ◽  
Medical Emergencies ◽  
Competency Based ◽  
North And South ◽  
New Framework

This paper reports the training findings of the Stand Up and Be Counted Project, a study of Australian and New Zealand Volunteer Ambulance Officers (VAO), the first-line response to medical emergencies in rural and remote areas. VAO are a dwindling resource in regional and rural areas with a great need for such services due their isolation from other health services. The study, financed by Emergency Management Australia, aimed to devise strategies to improve the situation. The project surveyed 2,500 VAO from Western Australia, Queensland, Victoria, Tasmania, Northern Territory, South Australia and New Zealand's North and South islands. This research has a wider application for other emergency services as they undergo similar changes and pressures related to training volunteers under the new Australian Quality Training Framework. The new framework has increased the training and accreditation requirements for many volunteers, and anecdotal evidence before the research suggested that too much training was a disincentive for VAO, making it difficult for ambulance services to recruit or retain volunteers. Our research confirmed that training is important for VAO. The polarization in some responses were considered to have three causes: different training systems per jurisdiction; different levels of isolation and other regionalisation factors meant some units were better serviced than others; and individuals had different expectations and capacities. However the study found that as long as VAO are protected from excessive and onerous bureaucratic processes, and provided with quality training, a competency-based training with national standards is not a disincentive. If done well, training will be a strategic recruitment and retention tool by increasing the confidence and sense of achievement VAO feel.

scholarly journals Vitalizing Rural Communities: China’s Rural Entrepreneurial Activities from Perspective of Mixed Embeddedness

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1609
Author(s):  
Huasheng Zhu ◽  
Yawei Chen ◽  
Kebi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Population Mobility ◽  
Rural Economies ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities ◽  
The Impact

Rural entrepreneurial activities play an important role in the development of rural economies and the vitality of rural areas, and they can also contribute to an increase in the employment opportunities of farmers and environmental sustainability during China’s transitional period. As a local organization, the community connects individuals, collective agencies, local authorities, and the market in reforming rural economies in China. Based on the concepts of mixed embeddedness and on the database of the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), this paper uses a binary logistic regression (BLR) model to analyze the impact of social, institutional, and economic environments of rural communities on entrepreneurship. The finding shows that informal, entrepreneurship-oriented institutions in rural communities have more significantly positive impact on farmer entrepreneurship than formal institutions, as well as economic and social environments. Furthermore, compared with kinship, neighborhood relationships and weak ties based on the population mobility in rural communities are more important for farmer entrepreneurship. Additionally, rural communities are the production places and markets, and their economic levels are positively related to entrepreneurship. Last but not least, compared with urban communities, rural communities play a much more prominent role in local entrepreneurship.

scholarly journals Integration and social determinants of health and wellbeing for people from refugee backgrounds resettled in a rural town in South Australia: a qualitative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Ziersch ◽  
Emily Miller ◽  
Melanie Baak ◽  
Lillian Mwanri
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Health And Wellbeing

Abstract Background There has been a recent focus on resettlement of migrants and refugee in rural settings in Australia and elsewhere. Rural resettlement is seen as an opportunity to revitalise rural communities, to fill the needs of employers in these areas, and to provide a welcoming community within which new arrivals can integrate and settle. However, challenges to rural resettlement have been identified including difficulties securing employment, discrimination and social isolation. These challenges can affect resettlement outcomes including health and wellbeing, though relatively little research has examined these links. In this paper we explored experiences of people from refugee background settling in a rural Australian town, examining interconnections between social determinants of health (SDH) and integration. Methods Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 44 participants from Southeast Asia and Africa in a rural setting in South Australia, covering experiences of resettlement and impacts on health and wellbeing. Participants were recruited through existing connections within the community and snowball sampling. Audio recorded data were transcribed verbatim and analysed using framework thematic analysis. Results The study findings revealed a mixture of settlement experiences for participants across a range of elements of SDH and integration. A sense of safety and some elements of social connectedness and support were key enablers for integration and health and wellbeing, with main challenges including limitations in employment opportunities, mismatched education provision, experiences of discrimination and constrained access to services. Conclusions Challenges experienced by refugees resettled in rural areas can affect integration, health and wellbeing and subsequent onward migration intentions. Attention to broader socioeconomic, cultural and environmental conditions, alongside tailored settlement support policies and practices for individual rural resettlement sites, is required to support integration and health and wellbeing.

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