scholarly journals Accurate Referential Communication and its Relation with Private and Social Speech in a Naturalistic Context

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dolors Girbau ◽  
Humbert Boada
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Referential Communication ◽  
Private Speech ◽  
Communication Behavior ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
High Skill

Research into human communication has been grouped under two traditions: referential and sociolinguistic. The study of a communication behavior simultaneously from both paradigms appears to be absent. Basically, this paper analyzes the use of private and social speech, through both a referential task (Word Pairs) and a naturalistic dyadic setting (Lego-set) administered to a sample of 64 children from grades 3 and 5. All children, of 8 and 10 years of age, used speech that was not adapted to the decoder, and thus ineffective for interpersonal communication, in both referential and sociolinguistic communication. Pairs of high-skill referential encoders used significantly more task-relevant social speech, that is, cognitively more complex, than did low-skill dyads in the naturalistic context. High-skill referential encoder dyads showed a trend to produce more inaudible private speech than did low-skill ones during spontaneous communication. Gender did not affect the results.

Speakers construct reference based on listeners’ expected visual search

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Jara-Ettinger ◽  
Paula Rubio-Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Computational Model ◽  
Referential Communication ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Quantitative Accuracy ◽  
Utterance Length ◽  
Acceptability Judgments

A foundational assumption of human communication is that speakers ought to say as much as necessary, but no more. How speakers determine what is necessary in a given context, however, is unclear. In studies of referential communication, this expectation is often formalized as the idea that speakers should construct reference by selecting the shortest, sufficiently informative, description. Here we propose that reference production is, instead, a process whereby speakers adopt listeners’ perspectives to facilitate their visual search, without concern for utterance length. We show that a computational model of our proposal predicts graded acceptability judgments with quantitative accuracy, systematically outperforming brevity models. Our model also explains crosslinguistic differences in speakers’ propensity to over-specify in different visual contexts. Our findings suggest that reference production is best understood as driven by a cooperative goal to help the listener understand the intended message, rather than by an egocentric effort to minimize utterance length.

Converging cultures of communication: A comparative study of Internet use in China, Europe, and the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1751-1772
Author(s):  
Jacob Ørmen ◽  
Rasmus Helles ◽  
Klaus Bruhn Jensen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
The United States ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Shared Reality ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Media Systems

Global Internet use is circumscribed by local political and economic institutions and inscribed in distinctive cultural practices. This article presents a comparative study of Internet use in China, the United States, and five European countries. The empirical findings suggest a convergence of cultures, specifically regarding interpersonal communication, alongside characteristic national and sociodemographic configurations of different prototypes of human communication. Drawing on the classic understanding of communication as a cultural process producing, maintaining, repairing, and transforming a shared reality, we interpret such configurations as cultures of communication, which can be seen to differ, overlap, and converge across regions in distinctive ways. Looking beyond traditional media systems, we call for further cross-cultural research on the Internet as a generic communication system joining global and local forms of interaction.

Watching television with others: The influence of interpersonal communication on entertainment

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Freya Zillich
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Nonverbal Communication ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Video Observation ◽  
Communication Behavior ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
Television Show ◽  
Television Group

AbstractThis study investigates the influence of (1) viewing situations (solo- vs. group-viewing) and (2) interpersonal communication in a group-viewing situation on television entertainment. In a field study combining a survey and video observation, (1) entertainment of participants watching television alone or in a group, and (2) entertainment between different groups was compared. To assess interpersonal communication while watching television, group verbal and nonverbal communication behavior was recorded. Results suggest that the presence of others did not influence viewers’ core enjoyment. Further, while the amount of nonverbal communication behavior did not affect viewers’ core enjoyment, particular topics of conversation influenced specific enjoyment qualities, with conversations indicating involvement in the television show intensifying viewers’ empathy, and conversations indicating emotional experiences while watching television decreasing viewers’ suspense. Results are discussed regarding nonverbal and verbal mechanisms that underlie entertainment in different social conditions.

In honor of Jurgen Ruesch: Remembering his work in psychiatry

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Balbuena Rivera
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Communication Behavior ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Communicative Behavior ◽  
Mental Diseases ◽  
Look Back ◽  
Academic Barriers ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Working Out

Background: In a highly technical civilization like ours, in which the interest in human communication transcends academic barriers and clinical practice, it seems necessary to look back to Ruesch’s work in psychiatry. The main reason of it rests upon the idea that he was one of the few truly outstanding clinicians, researchers, and theoretical in the field of normal and abnormal communication. In fact, he did not only present a wealth of observational and clinical data; more importantly, he used these data to formulate creative hypotheses about the conflict between man and other human beings. Aim/Objective: The main purpose of this article is to pay tribute to Dr. Jurgen Ruesch (1909-1995), distinguished psychiatrist, communications experts and psychotherapist. For that reason, here we want to pay tribute to the enormous value of his work for the promotion of mental health and the clinical assessment of normal and pathological communication behavior. Methods: In working out his theoretical stance toward communication, all Ruesch’s works here have been reviewed. In line with this, the author also mentions similarities between Ruesch and other psychiatric/psychotherapeutic authors. Also similarities have been established between Ruesch and Frank on “non specific factors in psychotherapy”, and tensions within contemporary training of psychiatrists, almost predicted by Ruesch. Results and Conclusions: While some of Ruesch’s ideas about the nature and origins of communication has been discounted, many of his preoccupations are now part of the mainstream, and it is to here that we should look for evidence of his legacy. In fact, he has been the author of rich and fruitful ideas, which are essential to clinical understanding of mental diseases and their treatments. It is not surprising, therefore, that Ruesch’s burning interest in the clinical assessment of normal and pathological communicative behavior finds a significant echo in today’s proliferation of books, papers, and conferences on communication. For all that, we should honor him.

Twitter and Political Elections

2012 ◽  
pp. 1018-1034
Author(s):  
Fabian Ströhle ◽  
Timm Sprenger
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
The Political ◽  
Prediction Markets ◽  
Communication Behavior ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
The Future ◽  
Political Deliberation ◽  
Opinion Polls

The rise of Twitter has changed human communication behavior not only in the political domain, but also in many other fields. Individuals are increasingly using microblogging platforms like Twitter for political deliberation, making full use of the features offered for discussions and social networking. At the same time, politicians and political parties hop on the bandwagon, using Twitter to reach a larger audience and communicate to constituents. As is the case for blogs, the political Twittersphere is fragmented along party lines, but stimulates communication between different ideological clusters. The publicly available discussions on Twitter can serve as a basis for election forecasts and have the potential to complement opinion polls and prediction markets in the future.

Honesty as Ethical Communicative Practice

2020 ◽  
pp. 127-152
Author(s):  
Janie Harden Fritz
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
The Self ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Human Relationships ◽  
Message Design Logic ◽  
Communicative Practice ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Relational Contexts

Honesty is a central concept in interpersonal communication ethics, typically studied through the lens of self-disclosure in close relationships. Expanding the self-disclosure construct to encompass multiple types of messages occurring in public and private relationships offers additional insights. Across relational contexts, at least two aspects of human communication are relevant to honesty: the content dimension, which references factual information carried by a message; and the relationship dimension, which provides the implied stance or attitude toward the other and/or the relationship. This dimension provides interpretive nuance for the content dimension, its implications for honesty shaped by culture and context. This chapter considers five themes relevant to communication research—self-disclosure and restraint, Grice’s theory of conversational implicature, message design logic, communication competence, and civility, authority, and love—and explore the implications of each content area for honesty in human relationships.

A Systems Approach to Communication Behavior Among Scientists, Foresters, and NIPF Landowners

1994 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara B. Baldwin ◽  
Jacqueline L. Haymond
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Communication Behavior ◽  
Common Information ◽  
Mail Surveys ◽  
Nipf Landowners

Abstract The communication behavior of scientists, foresters, and landowners in Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia was studied using mail surveys in the fall of 1989. Scientists' most common information sources were other scientists, meetings, and journals; their information output was primarily directed toward scientists. Nearly all foresters studied had contacts with NIPF landowners; their most common information sources were other foresters, agency pamphlets, and meetings. Their information output consisted primarily of interpersonal communication. Over one-third of the NIPF landowners contacted received no forest management information; their most common information source was other landowners. The findings highlight technology transfer limitations. Information is progressively restricted as it moves from source to link to user, and interaction between the three groups is limited. South. J. App. For. 18(4): 175-180.

scholarly journals Social transformations of speech culture in information age

2019 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 03081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Gudmanian ◽  
Liubov Drotianko ◽  
Sergiy Sydorenko ◽  
Oksana Zhuravliova ◽  
Sergiy Yahodzinskyi
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Information Age ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Human Communication

The paper looks at the major technological, sociocultural and linguistic factors that are changing the nature of interpersonal communication in the Information Age, and some manifestations of these changes. Rapid progress of technology, above all, the advent of the Internet, brought about dramatic changes in the modes and parameters of human communication over the recent decades. New types of written communication arose and have firmly established themselves on the global scale – in social networks, chats, blogs, forums and various Internet communities. Having created unprecedented possibilities for connecting with people irrespective of their location, age or social status, innovative technology is at the same time challenging standards of communication ethics and speech culture. Sociocultural transformations in the modern society, democratization of social relations contribute to weakening of speech norms and deterioration of overall speech culture, especially among young people. The increasing role of English as a language of global communication and its reputation of the dominant language of new technology and virtual reality are inevitably influencing speech habits of the Internet users across the globe. The combined work of all these factors results in visible deterioration of speech culture, standardization and simplification of speech, elimination of cultural specificity, tendency to replace expressive language means with emoji, downgrading of style, defying norms of spelling, word use and grammar. Obvious irreversibility of technological progress and the growing share of life people spend online call on specialists from various related fields to continue comprehensive analysis of transformations of speech culture in the modern world with the aim to assess societal risks and work out timely and adequate countermeasures.

Teacher Communication Behavior: It’s Impact to the Students’ Attitude in Learning Science

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxan G. Eupena
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Science Teachers ◽  
Learning Science ◽  
Communication Behavior ◽  
Career Interest ◽  
Teacher Communication ◽  
Interest In Science ◽  
Behavior Science ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
The Impact

Teachers' interpersonal communication behavior in the classroom is known to be one of a vital element in creating a classroom learning environment that significantly contribute towards the students’ attitudes and motivation of learning. In view of this concept, the study was primarily conducted to investigate the impact of science teachers’ communication behavior towards the attitude of students in learning science. The study employs descriptive correlation research design and makes use of the Teacher Communication Behavior Questionnaire (TCBQ) of She and Fisher (2002), as well as the Test of Science Related Attitudes of Fraser (modified by She and Fisher in 2002). Results show no significant differences on gender; nevertheless, significant differences are apparent in two of the five scales of TCB namely non-verbal support and controlling in terms of age differences. Simple correlation coefficient indicates a significant correlation in four TCB scales namely: challenging, encouragement and praise, nonverbal support and controlling with the attitudinal scale, enjoyment in science lessons. Attitudinal scale career interest in science on the other hand, is correlated with encouragement and praise and non-verbal support. The above result indicates that communication behavior of science teachers has great contribution and impact towards the attitudes of students in learning science.   Keywords - teacher communication behavior, science related attitudes, learning

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