Emotional regulation for adolescents: a group-based treatment pilot study through the STEPPS programme

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 734-738
Author(s):  
Ivan Llorens Ruiz ◽  
Fernando Lopez Seco ◽  
Adela Masana Marín ◽  
Esmeralda San Martín Águila ◽  
Dina Martínez Pinar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Mental Health Center ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Impression ◽  
Global Improvement ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Borderline Disorder

AbstractBackground:Borderline personality disorder (BPD) usually begins in adolescence and manifests itself in adult life. Early intervention can improve the prognosis or reduce its severity. Nevertheless, there are currently few studies of adolescent patients with severe emotion instability and borderline personality traits.Aims:To evaluate the effectiveness of the Systems Training for Emotional Predictability and Problem Solving (STEPPS) programme in a sample of 21 adolescents (aged 13–17 years) in the Child and Adolescents Mental Health Center of Tarragona in Spain.Method:We evaluated BPD traits using the Diagnostic Interview for Borderline Disorder-Revised (DIB-R) and the Global Clinical Impression Scale of Illness Severity for TLP (CGI-TLP). We compared pre- and post-treatment scores for the DIB-R, CGI-GI scale, general psychopathology using the Personality Inventory for Adolescents (PAI-A) and impulsivity with the Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11). The therapeutic objectives were evaluated with the Borderline Estimate Severity over Time (BEST) scale.Results:There was a statistically significant improvement in the scores for the affective area and in the total score of the DIB-R, a decrease in the percentage of patients who failed to meet criteria for BPD, and an improvement (although not statistically significant) in the scores of the BEST scale throughout the treatment. The results of the CGI-GI scale showed global improvement in almost 72% of patients.Conclusion:Our study suggests that STEPPS can be an effective treatment to improve BPD symptoms and is very useful in community settings with limited resources in which efficient treatment alternatives must be sought. However, this conclusion must be interpreted with caution, as there is no comparison control group.

Comparison of streptozotocin-induced diabetes at different moments of the life of female rats for translational studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 002367722110018
Author(s):  
Yuri K Sinzato ◽  
Eduardo Klöppel ◽  
Carolina A Miranda ◽  
Verônyca G Paula ◽  
Larissa F Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Life ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Term Pregnancy

Animal models are widely used for studying diabetes in translational research. However, methods for induction of diabetes are conflicting with regards to their efficacy, reproducibility and cost. A comparison of outcomes between the diabetic models is still unknown, especially full-term pregnancy.To understand the comparison, we analyzed the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes at three life-different moments during the neonatal period in Sprague–Dawley female rats: at the first (D1), second (D2) and fifth (D5) day of postnatal life. At adulthood (90 days; D90), the animals were submitted to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for diabetic status confirmation. The diabetic and control rats were mated and sacrificed at full-term pregnancy for different analyses. Group D1 presented a higher mortality percentage after STZ administration than groups D2 and D5. All diabetic groups presented higher blood glucose levels as compared to those of the control group, while group D5 had higher levels of glycemia compared with other groups during OGTT. The diabetic groups showed impaired reproductive outcomes compared with the control group. Group D1 had lower percentages of mated rats and D5 showed a lower percentage of a full-term pregnancy. Besides that, these two groups also showed the highest percentages of inadequate fetal weight. In summary, although all groups fulfill the diagnosis criteria for diabetes in adult life, in our investigation diabetes induced on D5 presents lower costs and higher efficacy and reproducibility for studies involving diabetes-complicated pregnancy.

The Effect of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Psychological Flexibility and Emotional Regulation in Patients with Spinal Cord Injuries: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Saeed Khanjani ◽  
Javad Kazemi ◽  
Jalal Younesi ◽  
Asghar Dadkhah ◽  
Akbar Biglarian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Psychological Flexibility ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
And Control

Background: Patients with spinal cord injuries suffer from some psychological problems, such as inadequate emotional regulation and flexibility for adapting to the post-injury condition. In this regard, acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) can improve psychological flexibility and emotional regulation. Objectives: The main goal of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of ACT in improving psychological flexibility and emotional regulation in patients with spinal cord injuries. Methods: This quasi-experimental design study was based on a pretest-posttest method with a control group. The study population consisted of all patients with spinal cord injury referred to Jalaeipour Rehabilitation Center in Tehran. The study sample included 30 patients with spinal cord injury selected by the purposive sampling method. The inclusion criteria were patients aged 20 to 55 years, residing in Tehran, and with at least a high school diploma. The injury duration varied between one and five years, and the injuries were thoracic and lumbar injuries and an intermediate score of psychological flexibility and emotion regulation. The exclusion criteria were patients with cervical spinal cord injuries, as well as patients who were simultaneously receiving another psychological treatment together with the subjects who suffered from brain damage. Patients were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups based on random numbers. There were 15 patients in each group. The intervention group received ACT during eight sessions (1.5-hour group therapy) held once a week at Jalaeipour Rehabilitation Center in Tehran (2018), while the control group received routine care. Dennis and Vander Wal’s cognitive flexibility inventory (CFI) and Gross and John’s emotion regulation questionnaire (ERQ) were completed before and one week after the intervention. The data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). Results: There was a significant difference in demographic indicators between the two groups. Based on MANCOVA with the baseline score, the mean scores of psychological flexibility and emotion regulation had a significant difference regarding the results of ACT between the experimental and control groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions: According to the findings, ACT can improve psychological flexibility and emotional regulation in patients with spinal cord injuries.

scholarly journals Reconstruindo sentidos na interface de histórias: uma discussão fenomenológico-existencial da constituição do sujeito borderline

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-144
Author(s):  
Anna Karynne da Silva MELO ◽  
Georges Daniel Janja Bloc BORIS ◽  
Violeta STOLTENBORG
Keyword(s):  
Life Story ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Gestalt Therapy ◽  
Disease Classification ◽  
Existential Phenomenology ◽  
Borderline Disorder ◽  
The World ◽  
Borderline Patients ◽  
Health And Sickness

This paper discusses a clinical case of a 40 years old woman, diagnosed as a borderline personality disorder, conforming to CID-10 (2003). The paper proposes, by a concrete clinical experience, to discuss the phenomenological and existential psychopathology. At first, it describes borderline disorder according to existential phenomenology. So, the authors discuss the conceptions about the relation between health and sickness in Gestalt-Therapy and Daseins-analysis, trying to understand the way of 'being-in-the-world' and the constitution of the psychopathological phenomenon in borderline patients from the perspective of the construction of his life story, that is unique. At the end, the authors detach the great challenge of existential-phenomenological psychotherapist: putting the patient's clinical picture in stand by 'a priori' and considering how she expresses herself and sees the world, giving up the mere disease classification itself.

scholarly journals Understanding of Emotional States in Persons with Pedophilia / Pedophilic Disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 84-99
Author(s):  
L.Y. Demidova ◽  
N.V. Dvoryanchikov
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Sexual Crimes ◽  
Sexual Drive ◽  
Emotional Perception ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
High Level

This article highlights the problem of emotional perception in pedophilia (ICD-10) / pedophilia disorder (ICD-11). In present paper, emotional perception is considered as abilities of recognizing and identifying a wide range of mental states like emotions, affects, moods, feelings. The assumption about relations of alexithymia and disturbances in the recognition of emotions, perspective taking, empathy with pedophilia and regulatory mechanisms of activity verified empirically. Two groups of persons accused of sexual crimes are compared: 44 people with pedophilia, 32 people without the disorder; also 95 persons who haven't been accused were examined for the control group; as well intra-group comparison of pedophilic persons with egosyntonic and egodystonic attitude toward sexual drive was made. Contradictions of earlier studies are resolved in the result: it is shown that in pedophilia the ability of understanding emotional states remains normal at first sight (in comparison with the deficits found in the accused without pedophilia). However, the group with pedophilia is characterized by extremely high level of alexithymia and based on this the consistently conclusion is made about disturbances of emotional regulation in egosyntonic form of this disorder.

scholarly journals Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response in borderline personality disorder without post-traumatic features

2007 ◽  
Vol 190 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose L. Carrasco ◽  
Marina Díaz-Marsá ◽  
Jose I. Pastrana ◽  
Rosa Molina ◽  
Loreto Brotons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Feedback Inhibition ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Dexamethasone Suppression Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal ◽  
Suppression Test ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Dexamethasone Suppression

SummaryHypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis sensitivity was investigated in 32 non-medicated patients with borderline personality disorder without comorbid post-traumatic syndromes and in 18 normal individuals using a modified dexamethasone suppression test (0.25 mg). Enhanced cortisol suppression was found in the patients v. controls (P < 0.05) and the percentage of participant's with non-suppression was smaller in the patient (34%) than in the control group (89%) (P < 0.01). Baseline cortisol levels in the patients were also lower than in the controls (P < 0.05). The 0.25 mg dexamethasone suppression test reveals increased feedback inhibition of the HPA in borderline personality disorder.

Failures to Imagine

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reed Maxwell ◽  
Steven Jay Lynn ◽  
Scott Lilienfeld
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mental Imagery ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Visual Mental Imagery

Although interest in the relationship between mental imagery and psychopathology has increased greatly over the last decade, few publications to date have examined relationships between personality-related psychopathology and mental imagery use, abilities, or both. However, we have reason to expect that substantive relationships may exist. For example, studies have consistently linked psychopathy and borderline personality disorder to problems in emotion experience and emotion regulation, and a growing number of studies indicate that deficits in visual mental imagery use and ability in particular may contribute to such problems. Using correlational data from multiple self-report measures of normal and pathological personality functioning and visual mental imagery, our study presents preliminary evidence for lower levels of self-reported visual mental imagery use, abilities, or both among noncriminal individuals with higher levels of self-reported psychopathy and individuals with greater emotional regulation difficulties, a core feature of borderline personality disorder. We also found significant relationships among self-reported visual mental imagery use, ability, or both, and personality variables shown to strongly predict psychopathy and emotional regulation difficulties. Limitations of the study, especially its reliance on a correlational, cross-sectional design, are discussed, and implications for future research are explored.

When Trust Does Not Come Easily: Negative Emotional Information Unduly Influences Trustworthiness Appraisals for Individuals With Borderline Personality Features

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara R. Masland ◽  
Jill M. Hooley
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Undue Influence ◽  
Emotional Information ◽  
Consistent Finding ◽  
Emotional Context ◽  
State Dependent ◽  
Personality Features

Individuals with borderline personality disorder and subclinical borderline features perceive others as untrustworthy (e.g., Fertuck, Grinband, & Stanley, 2013). Trust difficulties may be influenced by emotional state and are formally articulated in the diagnostic criteria for the disorder as temporary state-dependent paranoia. The current study examines the influence of emotional information on trustworthiness appraisals. Seventy-seven community adults, ranging in age from 18 to 70 (M = 31.53, SD = 14.01), with three or more borderline personality disorder symptoms (n = 30) or two or fewer symptoms (n = 47), completed an affective priming paradigm. They were exposed to negative, neutral, or positive information before rating the trustworthiness of unfamiliar faces. Individuals with borderline pathology made more untrusting appraisals regardless of prime, and they were more greatly influenced by negative primes relative to the control group. Findings suggest that biased trustworthiness appraisal is a replicable and consistent finding for individuals with borderline pathology, and that emotional context, even if unrelated to the appraisal at hand, has undue influence.

Implementation of a rhythm and movement intervention to support self-regulation skills of preschool-aged children in disadvantaged communities

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 800-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate E. Williams ◽  
Donna Berthelsen
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
School Readiness ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
School Achievement ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Disadvantaged Communities ◽  
Path Analyses ◽  
Before And After

Self-regulation skills are an important predictor of school readiness and early school achievement. Research identifies that experiences of early stress in disadvantaged households can affect young children’s brain architecture, often manifested in poor self-regulatory functioning. Although there are documented benefits of coordinated movement activities to improve self-regulation, few interventions have focused exclusively on music and rhythmic activities. This study explores the effectiveness of a preschool intervention, delivered across 8 weeks, which focused on coordinated rhythmic movement with music to improve self-regulation and executive function. The study involved 113 children across three preschools in disadvantaged communities. The intervention group received 16 sessions of a rhythm and movement program over 8 weeks, whereas the control group undertook the usual preschool program. Executive functions were directly assessed, and teachers reported on children’s self-regulation before and after the intervention. Path analyses found positive intervention effects for emotional regulation reported by teachers and, for boys, on the measure of shifting in the executive function assessment. Teacher-reported cognitive and behavioral regulation also improved in one research site. These early findings suggest that a rhythm and movement intervention has the potential to support the development of self-regulation skills in preschool; however, further research is required.

scholarly journals Induced illusory body ownership in borderline personality disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eli S Neustadter ◽  
Sarah K Fineberg ◽  
Jacob Leavitt ◽  
Meagan M Carr ◽  
Philip R Corlett
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Predictive Coding ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Hand Position ◽  
Body Ownership ◽  
Clinical Literature ◽  
Proprioceptive Drift

Abstract One aspect of selfhood that may have relevance for borderline personality disorder (BPD) is variation in sense of body ownership. We employed the rubber hand illusion to manipulate sense of body ownership in BPD. We extended previous research on illusory body ownership in BPD by testing: (i) two illusion conditions: asynchronous and synchronous stimulation, (ii) relationship between illusion experience and BPD symptoms, and (iii) relationship between illusion experience and maladaptive personality traits. We measured illusion strength (questionnaire responses), proprioceptive drift (perceived shift in physical hand position), BPD symptoms (Revised Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines score), and maladaptive personality traits (Personality Inventory for DSM-5) in 24 BPD and 21 control participants. For subjective illusion strength, we found main effects of group (BPD &gt; healthy control, F(1, 43) = 11.94, P = 0.001) and condition (synchronous &gt; asynchronous, F(1, 43) = 22.80, P &lt; 0.001). There was a group × condition interaction for proprioceptive drift (F(1, 43) = 6.48, P = 0.015) such that people with BPD maintained illusion susceptibility in the asynchronous condition. Borderline symptom severity correlated with illusion strength within the BPD group, and this effect was specific to affective (r = 0.45, P &lt; 0.01) and cognitive symptoms (r = 0.46, P &lt; 0.01). Across all participants, trait psychoticism correlated with illusion strength (r = 0.44, P &lt; 0.01). People with BPD are more susceptible to illusory body ownership than controls. This is consistent with the clinical literature describing aberrant physical and emotional experiences of self in BPD. A predictive coding framework holds promise to develop testable mechanistic hypotheses for disrupted bodily self in BPD.

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