Verbal memory deficits associated with fornix atrophy in carbon monoxide poisoning

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 640-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHELLI R. KESLER ◽  
RAMONA O. HOPKINS ◽  
LINDELL K. WEAVER ◽  
DUANE D. BLATTER ◽  
HOLLY EDGE-BOOTH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Memory Processing ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
And Gender

Magnetic resonance (MR) images and neuropsychological testing data of 69 carbon monoxide (CO) poisoned patients were prospectively obtained within 1 day of CO poisoning, two weeks and six months. CO patients' Day 1 cross-sectional fornix surface area measurements, corrected for head size by using a fornix-to-brain ratio (FBR), were compared to normal age and gender-matched controls. Additionally, a within-subjects analysis was performed comparing the mean areas between CO patients' Day 1, 2 weeks and 6-month FBR. The FBR was correlated with patients' neuropsychological data. There were no significant differences between CO patients' Day 1 fornix measurements compared to normal control subjects. However, significant atrophic changes in the fornix of CO poisoned patients occurred at two weeks with no progressive atrophy at 6 months. By 6 months, CO patients showed significant decline on tests of verbal memory (when practice effects were taken into account), whereas visual memory, processing speed and attention/concentration did not decline. This study indicates that CO results in brain damage and cognitive impairments in the absence of lesions and other neuroanatomic markers. (JINS, 2001, 7, 640–646.)

Postconcussive Symptoms After Single and Repeated Concussions in 10- to 20-Year-Olds: A Cross-Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 383-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Temitayo Oyefunmike Oyegbile ◽  
Bronson Elizabeth Delasobera ◽  
Nassim Zecavati
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Loss Of Consciousness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Postconcussive Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
And Gender

The objective was to characterize cognitive deficits and postconcussive symptoms in a pediatric population with no concussion, a single concussion, and ≥2 concussions, using a cross-sectional design. Cognitive function and postconcussive symptoms were assessed in participants (age 10-20) with no concussion (n = 1118), single concussion (n = 368), and repeated (≥2) concussions (n = 252). Analyses were adjusted for age and gender. Individuals with ≥2 concussions exhibited more total postconcussive symptoms; more loss of consciousness, amnesia and confusion; more headaches; and poorer cognitive function compared to no concussion and single concussion. Postconcussive symptoms may play a modulatory role in cognitive dysfunction after repeated concussions as those with loss of consciousness, amnesia, confusion, or headaches exhibited worse verbal memory, visual memory, visual-motor processing, and poorer impulse control compared to those without these symptoms. This analysis demonstrates that repeated concussions is associated with poorer cognitive function and postconcussive symptoms compared to a single concussion.

scholarly journals The Relation Between Cognitive Performance and Symptom Factors Following Concussion

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 764-764
Author(s):  
E Whitley ◽  
R Gerkin ◽  
A Kontos ◽  
C Quintana ◽  
B Nalepa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Symptom Assessment ◽  
Cognitive Outcomes ◽  
Motor Speed ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore if symptom factors are related to cognitive outcomes. Prior studies have examined the relationship of individual symptoms to cognition. However, the relation between empirically-derived symptom factors and cognitive outcomes has yet to be explored. Methods Data were extracted via retrospective chart review of 691 patients (aged 10–24, mean: 14.99±2.63). Participants completed ImPACT and the PCSS within 14 days of injury (mean: 9.27±3.37). Predictors were PCSS factor scores of Cognitive-Fatigue-Migraine (CFM), Affective (AFF), Somatic (SOM), and Sleep (SLP) (Kontos et al., 2012). Outcomes examined were ImPACT composite scores. Univariate analyses were performed and values with p < 0.10 were entered into stepwise linear regression (LR) models. Retained predictors in each LR model had p values <.05. Results Verbal memory was predicted by CFM, SOM, age, and gender. Visual memory was predicted by CFM and SOM. Visual motor speed was predicted by age, gender, CFM, SOM, and AFF. Reaction time was best predicted by SOM, CFM, and age. The variance explained was fairly small (0.08 to 0.21). SLP was not a significant predictor in any LR. Conclusion CFM and SOM factors were most predictive of lower cognitive performance, similar to prior studies linking dizziness to longer recovery and post-traumatic migraine to worse cognitive performance. These findings underscore the clinical importance of diverse symptom assessment and injury education. Higher CFM and SOM scores may also serve as proxy for injury severity, which we would expect to be associated with worse cognitive performance.

MEMORY STATUS AMONG CHILDREN WITH EPILEPSY

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-35
Author(s):  
Arun John ◽  
Santanu Deb ◽  
Palash R Gogoi ◽  
Jasmine Mary Lyngdoh ◽  
Prasenjit Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Status ◽  
Age Appropriate ◽  
Memory Status

Objective: To study the status of visual and verbal memory status among children with epilepsy and effects on schooling. Methods:This descriptive cross-sectional study enrolled children aged 5 to 15 years who have been diagnosed to have epilepsy and has been seizure free during last one month. Enrolled children (81) were evaluated by using two sub tests selected from the National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences(NIMHANS) Neuropsychological Battery for Children, Rey’s Auditory Verbal Learning test and Memory for Designs test, for verbal and visual memory status respectively and the child was graded on the basis of the standard scores. Schooling details were obtained by questioners to care taker. Results: Memory impairment (MI) was identied in 50 (61.7%) Children with Epilepsy (CWE) (predominantly verbal memory impairment). 20 (25%) CWE were not attending age appropriate class. Among these 20 CWE, 17(85%) children had memory impairment. p: 0.01. There were 25 CWE performing poorly, among them 22(88%) children had memory impairment. p <0.0024. A total of 8 children were school dropouts and all 8 had MI (100%).Conclusions:MI was found to be very common in CWE. MI among CWE was found to negatively inuence age appropriate schooling and school performance. Early screening and appropriate support may improve the outcome.

Sequential changes in mr images of the brain in acute carbon monoxide poisoning

1993 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaki Gotoh ◽  
Hideyuki Kuyama ◽  
Shoji Asari ◽  
Takashi Ohmoto ◽  
Tatsuroh Akioka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Acute Carbon Monoxide Poisoning ◽  
The Brain

Mortality rate associated with carbon monoxide poisoning in Turkey: a national database study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Tugba Atmaca Temrel
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
National Database ◽  
Age Group ◽  
National Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
National Mortality ◽  
Key Words Carbon Monoxide

Abstract Objective: To investigate non-fire and unintentional deaths caused by carbon monoxide poisoning in the light of official national data, and to calculate the national mortality rate associated with carbon monoxide poisoning in Turkey. Methods: The retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in Ankara, Turkey, from January to March 2019, and comprised data of deaths registered with the Turkish Statistical Institutebetween January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2017. Data was analysed using SPSS 21. Results: Of the 1896 deaths, 1310(69.1%) were males, and the highest number of deaths 622(33%) was recorded in 2014. Deaths were most common in the 18-64 years age group 1071(56.6%). Overall, there were 1841(97.1%) Turkish citizens and 55(92.9%) foreign nationals. Manisa had the highest number of deaths 266(14%) at a mortality rate of 3.84 per 100,000 population. Conclusion: The factual situation of death associated with carbon monoxide in Turkey will lead to steps to reduce the risk. Key Words: Carbon monoxide poisoning, Mortality rate, Unintentional poisoning. Continuous...

Low-Level Carbon-Monoxide Poisoning: Inability of Neuropsychological Testing to Identify Patients Who Benefit from Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 276-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. Rottman ◽  
Nancy Kaser-Boyd ◽  
Timothy Cannis ◽  
John Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Hyperbaric Oxygen ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Co Poisoning ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Before And After

AbstractIntroduction:Although major sequelae of carbon-monoxide (CO) poisoning and its treatment with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) are well-documented, a syndrome of low-level CO poisoning has received relatively little attention. Subtle symptoms of poor concentration, language difficulty, problems with calculations, and memory loss were noted after an acute exposure of 131 dormitory residents to low levels of CO. The CO Neuropsychological Screening Battery (CONSB), a series of tests reported by others as useful to identify victims of CO poisoning, was performed on a subset of 46 victims. It was hypothesized that their test scores would improve after treatment with HBO.Methods:Testing was performed both before and after HBO on 35 CO-exposed victims. A control group of 20 students residing on the same college campus, but not involved with the CO incident, also were tested on two separate occasions to assess the ability of the test to identify selectively victims of low-level CO poisoning, as well as to evaluate its validity when administered serially.Results:Both CO-exposed and control subjects demonstrated significant performance improvement when completing the testing for the second time. In addition, the baseline test scores were not significantly different for either the CO-exposed or the control groups. Nonetheless, all CO-exposed victims reported immediate subjective improvement of their symptoms after HBO therapy.Conclusion:These observations and a review of the literature suggest that there might exist a syndrome of subtle neurological disturbances in victims of low-level CO poisoning. Whether this is permanent or might regress spontaneously over time is unknown. As a diagnostic adjunct, the CONSB does not appear to be as useful in low-level CO poisoning.

scholarly journals Temporal trends of carbon monoxide poisoning mortality at the global, regional and national levels: a cross-sectional study from the Global Burden of Disease study, 1990 and 2017

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. e053240
Author(s):  
Jianhai Long ◽  
Yawei Sun ◽  
Junxiu Zhao ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
Xiaobo Peng
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning ◽  
National Level ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Co Poisoning ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Fatal Poisoning ◽  
Cross Sectional

ObjectivesCarbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is one of the most frequent causes of fatal poisoning worldwide. Few studies have explored the mortality trends of CO poisoning grouped by age and gender, at the regional, national and global levels. We therefore aimed to determine the pattern of CO poisoning mortality, as well as temporal trends at all levels.DesignA cross-sectional survey design was used in this study.SettingCO poisoning data collected from the Global Burden of Diseases (GBDs), from 1990 to 2017, was arranged by sex, age, region and country. In addition, we used human development index data at the national level from the World Bank.ParticipantsWe collected over 100 000 information on CO poisoning mortality between 1990 and 2017, derived from the GBD study in 2017.Main outcomes and measuresWe have calculated the estimated annual percentage changes in CO poisoning age-standardised mortality rate (ASR), by sex and age at different regions and countries to quantify the temporal trends in CO poisoning ASR.ResultsGlobally, death cases of CO poisoning decreased 7.2% from 38 210 in 1990 to 35 480 in 2017. The overall ASR decreased by an average of 1.83% (95% CI 2.10% to 1.56%) per year in this period. This decreasing pattern was heterogeneous across ages, regions and countries. The most pronounced decreases were generally observed in countries with a high sociodemographic index, including Estonia, South Korea and Puerto Rico.ConclusionsCurrent prevention strategies should be reoriented, and much more targeted and specific strategies should be established in some countries to forestall CO poisoning.

Neurocognitive outcome after endoscopic third ventriculocisterostomy in patients with obstructive hydrocephalus

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAUREEN LACY ◽  
MARTIN OLIVEIRA ◽  
EMILY AUSTRIA ◽  
M. DAVID FRIM
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Obstructive Hydrocephalus ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Institutional Review Board Approval ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObstructive hydrocephalus can be treated with an extracranial shunting system or, when the obstruction is between the posterior third ventricle and the fourth ventricular outflow tracts, by an endoscopic third ventriculocisternostomy (ETV). The placement of an extracranial shunting device entails significant long-term risk of infection and malfunction. This risk has led to the concept that ETV is preferable to shunting. While the long-term cognitive performance of shunted hydrocephalus patients has been extensively examined, the outcome of patients undergoing ETV has been studied only sparsely. Ten adults who had undergone ETV were entered into the study under institutional review board approval. Each patient underwent a neuropsychological testing battery that included testing within the domains of basic attention, verbal memory, visual memory, language, and executive functioning. Aggregate test scores showed a decrease in performance in the domains of memory and executive functioning when compared to normative data. The present study revealed persistent cognitive inefficiencies in memory and executive domains in patients post-ETV intervention. A larger longitudinal study considering the impact of prior shunting, presence of headaches, emotional status, and surgical complications will assist in elucidating the etiology and eventual treatment of these deficits. (JINS, 2009, 15, 394–398.)

Determination of netrin-1 levels and its relationship with neurotoxicity in carbon monoxide poisoning

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 561-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
U Gedikli ◽  
E Emektar ◽  
SK Corbacioglu ◽  
S Dagar ◽  
H Uzunosmanoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning ◽  
Neurological Impairment ◽  
Neurological Involvement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Co Poisoning ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Neurological Effects

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess netrin-1 levels in carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning to determine its relationship with poisoning severity and neurotoxicity. Methods: This is a cross-sectional prospective study. The patients older than 18 years with CO poisoning were included. The patients were categorized into two groups on the basis of neurological involvement. Both the patient and the control groups were sampled for netrin-1 at 0th hour, and the patient group only was sampled for netrin-1 at 4th hour. Results: A total of 84 patients and 50 healthy controls were enrolled. The median 0th hour netrin-1 level of the patient group (765.1 pg/mL (619.8-983.1) was significantly higher than the control group (484 pg/mL (376-1031.6)) ( p < 0.001). There was also a significant difference between the 0th hour and 4th hour netrin-1 (888.9 pg/mL (700.3–1175.5)) levels in the patient group ( p < 0.001).There was no significant statistical difference between patients with and without neurological involvement ( p = 0.62) and between those who underwent hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) and those who did not ( p = 0.76) with respect to 4th hour netrin-1 levels. Conclusion: The significantly higher netrin-1 levels in patients with CO poisoning, suggests that netrin-1 is elevated as a stress marker. Although there is no significant difference in netrin-1 levels in patients with neurological impairment in CO poisonings, netrin-1 may show subclinically neurological effects. Hence, we believe that netrin-1 cannot be used as a marker of poisoning severity.

scholarly journals Exploring Baseline Concussion-Assessment Performance in Adapted Wheelchair Sport Athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 856-862
Author(s):  
Ryan N. Moran ◽  
Steven P. Broglio ◽  
Karla K. Francioni ◽  
Jacob J. Sosnoff
Keyword(s):  
Athletic Training ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Cognitive Testing ◽  
Symptom Reporting ◽  
Neurocognitive Testing ◽  
Balance Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severity Scores

Context With growing awareness of and advocacy for including individuals with disabilities in sport, implementation of concussion-assessment and -management strategies is warranted. Limited research is available on concussion assessment in adapted wheelchair sport athletes. Objective To examine baseline symptom reporting, computerized neurocognitive testing, and a modified balance scoring system in adapted athletes. A secondary objective was to provide preliminary normative data for this population. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting University athletic training room and computer laboratory. Patients or Other Participants Twenty-one athletes (age = 22.1 ± 3.0 years) from 1 institution's collegiate adapted athletics program. Main Outcome Measure(s) Athletes completed baseline Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) and the Wheelchair Error Scoring System (WESS) before the start of their respective seasons. Symptom reporting variables consisted of total symptoms, symptom severity scores, and baseline symptom factors (eg, vestibular-somatic, sleep arousal, cognitive-sensory, and affective). We analyzed ImPACT composite scores of verbal memory, visual memory, visual motor processing speed, and reaction time and impulse control to determine neurocognitive function. Balance performance was quantified using the WESS condition and overall errors. Results Compared with normative reference values, 17 (81%) of adapted athletes reported greater symptoms and 20 (95%) performed at or below average on at least 1 neurocognitive composite score. Mean errors on the WESS were 3.14 ± 2.9, with 81% committing ≥1 error. Sex differences were not present for symptoms, neurocognitive testing, or balance measures. Conclusions Our findings provide context for baseline performance in adapted athletes and help to further develop the WESS as an assessment of balance in these athletes.

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