scholarly journals Refinement and validation of an FFQ developed to estimate macro- and micronutrient intakes in a south Indian population

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romaina Iqbal ◽  
Kamalasanan Ajayan ◽  
Ankalmadagu V Bharathi ◽  
Xiaohe Zhang ◽  
Shofiqul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
South Indian Population ◽  
Error Sources ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Food Items ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Recall Data ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean

AbstractObjectivePotential error sources in nutrient estimation with the FFQ include inaccurate or biased recall and overestimation or underestimation of intake due to too many or too few items on the FFQ, respectively. Here we report the refinement of an FFQ that overestimated nutrient intake and its validation against multiple 24 h recalls.Study designData on 2527 participants in south India (Trivandrum) were available for the original FFQ (OFFQ) that overestimated nutrient intake (132 food items). After excluding participants with implausible energy intake estimates (<2·72 MJ/d (<650 kcal/d), >15·69 MJ/d (>3750 kcal/d)) we ran stepwise regression analyses with selected nutrients as the outcomes and food intake (servings/d) as predictor variables (n1867). From these results and expert consultation we refined the FFQ (RFFQ), and validated it by comparing intakes obtained with it and the mean of two 24 h recalls among 100 participants.ResultsThe OFFQ overestimated usual daily nutrient intake before and after exclusions [for energy: 13·39 (sd5·46) MJ (3201 (sd1305) kcal) and 10·96 (sd2·65) MJ (2619 (sd634) kcal), respectively]. In stepwise analyses, fifty-seven food items explained 90 % of the variance in nutrients; we retained thirteen food items because participants consumed them at least twice monthly and twelve food items that local nutritionists recommended. Mean energy intake estimated from the RFFQ (eighty-two food items) was 7·94 (sd2·05) MJ (1897 (sd489) kcal). The de-attenuated correlations between mean 24 h recall and RFFQ intakes ranged from 0·25 (vitamin A) to 0·82 (fat).ConclusionWe refined an FFQ that overestimated nutrient intake by shortening and redesigning, and validated it by comparisons with 24 h dietary recall data.

scholarly journals A comparative study of serum adiponectin levels in patients of acute coronary syndrome with and without central obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Shashank R. Tiwari ◽  
Lokesh S. ◽  
Arunprasath P. ◽  
Arun Kumar R.
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Adiponectin Level ◽  
Serum Adiponectin ◽  
South Indian Population ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Tertiary Center ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Time

Background: Coronary artery disease burden has been on a rise globally with it emerging as the principle cause of death even in the Indian subcontinent. Serum adiponectin has recently gained interest due to its close relation with atherosclerotic CAD and Metabolic syndrome. The levels of serum adiponectin are reduced in ACS. There is a paucity of studies in South Indian population comparing the effect of central obesity in patient with ACS. The aim of the present endeavour was to study the association of serum adiponectin in risk evaluation of patient with acute coronary syndrome with and without central obesityMethods: The study was conducted in a tertiary center in patient who presented with first time ACS they were grouped into two groups based on the presence and absence of central obesity. Central obesity was defined on the basis of waist to hip ratio. Serum adiponectin levels were estimated in both the groups using ELISA method. The results were statistically analyzed using t- test.Results: Authors concluded that the mean age of patients presenting first time with ACS was 55±12years in both the group. There was a significantly raised LDL and Total Cholesterol (TC) level in patient with central obesity. The estimated serum adiponectin level was reduced in both the group with more significant reduction in group with central obesity. The mean adiponectin level in CAD patients with central obesity was 2.326±1.437µg/ml as compared to 3.486±1.6999μg/ml in patients without central obesity, which was statistically significant (p value <0.0049).Conclusions: Authors concluded that serum adiponectin levels were reduced in both the group with ACS with a further reduction in patient with central obesity. It was also observed that there was a significant relation between adiponectin level and visceral fat as compared to superficial fat, as adiponectin was significantly reduced in patient higher waist-hip ratio.

Abstract P404: Validation of a Culturally Modified 24 hour Dietary Recall Questionnaire for use in Rural South Indian Populations

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asvini K Subasinghe ◽  
Amanda G Thrift ◽  
Simin Arabshahi ◽  
Oduru Suresh ◽  
Kamakshi Kartik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Indian Populations ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Field Worker ◽  
Dietary Assessment Methods ◽  
South Indian ◽  
24 Hour Recall ◽  
Indian Food ◽  
Field Workers

Introduction: The assessment of dietary intake in rural populations can be extremely challenging because of cultural and environmental limitations.Only one other study in India has been conducted to validate a 24 hour dietary recall. The purpose of this study was to validate a three pass 24 hour dietary recall questionnaire, culturally modified for use in South Indian populations, against a series of weighed food records (WFRs). Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that there will be less than 15% variance between amounts of food reported to be consumed in 24 hour dietary recalls and amounts of food weighed during WFRs. Methods: Eight life size food portion photographs of common South Indian food servings were created to aid participant recall. Nutrient intake was calculated using a food database specifically created for South Indian food items. Dietary data were compared between the two dietary assessment methods in 30 adults aged 19-85 years. WFRs were conducted in the household by a trained field worker. The amount of food served by each participant was weighed, along with any left overs not eaten. The following day, field workers administered a 24 hour recall interview to the same participant. Results: In total, 101 replicate weighed food portions were matched with estimated portions by 24 hour recall for 21 different types of food or drink. Overall, there was an 11% over-estimation by 24 hour recall compared to the WFR and a strong correlation between the two measures (r=0.93). Mean nutrient intakes obtained from each measure were not significantly different. Conclusions: The culturally specific modifications made to the 24 hour dietary recall method is valid for assessing energy, macro- and micro- nutrient intake in rural Indian populations.

Self-reported dietary energy intake of normal weight, overweight and obese adolescents

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivienne A Vance ◽  
Sarah J Woodruff ◽  
Linda J McCargar ◽  
Janice Husted ◽  
Rhona M Hanning
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
The Mean

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of the present paper was to assess dietary energy reporting as a function of sex and weight status among Ontario and Alberta adolescents, using the ratio of energy intake (EI) to estimated BMR (BMRest).DesignData were collected using the FBQ, a validated web-based dietary assessment tool (including a 24 h dietary recall, FFQ, and food and physical activity behavioural questions). BMI was calculated from self-reported height and weight and participants were classified as normal weight, overweight or obese. BMR was calculated using the WHO equations (based on weight). Reporting status was identified using the ratio EI:BMRest.SettingData were collected in public, Catholic and private schools in Ontario and Alberta, Canada.SubjectsA total of 1917 (n876 male andn1041 female) students (n934 grade 9 andn984 grade 10) participated.ResultsThe mean EI:BMRestratio across all participants was 1·4 (sd0·6), providing evidence of under-reporting for the total sample. Females under-reported more than males (t= 6·27,P< 0·001), and under-reporting increased with increasing weight status for both males (F= 33·21,P< 0·001) and females (F= 14·28,P< 0·001). After removing those who reported eating less to lose weight, the EI:BMRestwas 1·56 (sd0·6) for males and 1·4 (sd0·6) for females.ConclusionThe present study highlights methodological challenges associated with self-reported dietary data. Systematic differences in under-reporting of dietary intake by gender and weight status were observed using a web-based survey, similar to observations made using paper-based 24 h recalls and dietitian interviews.

scholarly journals Awareness of Chronic Kidney Disease among Tamil Nadu Population- ACross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Chandan Bala ◽  
M Jayabharathy ◽  
S Sheba Yesu Priya ◽  
S Ramya
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
South Indian Population ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Chronic kidney failure in India and around the world is a significant health problem. The most effective and affordable treatment may require screening for early detection,intervention and prevention. Public awareness is a key determinant to overcome the burden of Chronic Kidney Disease(CKD). However, there is a lack of information on CKD among South Indian people. Aim: To assess the awareness and knowledge of CKD among the South Indian population. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted through an online form; the questions were generally based on the physiological role of kidney and awareness questions related to CKD. The sample size was 500 participants, of age >18 years and snowball sampling method was implemented. Among the study population, 68 participants had a family history of CKD and they were excluded. The data were analysed through Pearson Chi-Square test. Results: The mean knowledge score was 13 (SD±5.0), with values ranging from 0 to 22. The mean age of the population was 47.80±8.5 years. Multiple regression on demographic data and knowledge yielded statistically negligible results.The study population included 432 participants and the result showed the realms that most responded incorrectly were physiology of kidney, CKD symptoms, risk factors and the domain of testing and diagnosis. Conclusion: The participants had ample knowledge of the risk factors, signs and symptoms of CKD and insufficient knowledge of the physiological function of the kidney and the diagnosis of CKD. Therefore, efforts are necessary to create awareness and educate people about the early detection and prevention of CKD.

scholarly journals MORPHOMETRY OF THE PEDICLE OF FIRST SACRAL VERTEBRAE AND ITS APPLICATION IN POSTERIOR TRANSPEDICULAR SCREW FIXATION. Morfometría del pedículo de la primera vértebra sacra y su aplicación en la fijación posterior con tornillo transpedicular

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 156-161
Author(s):  
Mangala M Pai ◽  
Bukkambudhi V Murlimanju ◽  
Latha V Prabhu ◽  
Rajanigandha Vadgaonkar ◽  
P P. Jagadish Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Population ◽  
Screw Fixation ◽  
Spinous Process ◽  
South Indian Population ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Transpedicular Screw ◽  
Pedicle Length ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Transpedicular Screw Fixation

Los objetivos del presente estudio fueron determinar los parámetros anatómicos del pedículo S1 en la población India del sur para comparar los datos con respecto a los géneros masculinos y femeninos. El estudio incluyó 50 sacros secos (25 hombres y 25 mujeres) que se obtuvieron en el laboratorio de anatomía de nuestra institución. En el presente estudio se observa que la longitud media del pedículo S1 fue 49.9± 3,6 mm para los hombres y 46.3± 4,8 mm para las mujeres. La altura céfalo-caudal del pedículo S1 fue 27.2±4.0 mm y 23.9±3.7 mm para el varón y la hembra respectivamente. La anchura antero-posterior del pedículo S1 fue 7.5± 1,3 mm, 7.5± 1.7 mm en varones y mujeres, respectivamente. La distancia antero-posterior de S1, desde el promontorio sacro a la apófisis espinosa de S1 fue 52.9± 5.2 mm y 50.4± 6.8 mm en los géneros masculino y femenino respectivamente. El presente estudio demostró que la longitud y la altura de céfalo-caudal eran más altos (p0.05) en varones que en mujeres. Los datos de mujeres y varones con respecto a la anchura antero-posterior y la distancia antero-posterior de S1 no eran estadísticamente diferentes. El presente estudio ha proporcionado datos morfométricos importantes del pedículo de la primera vértebra sacra de la muestra anatómica de la población India del sur. El conocimiento de los diámetros del pedículo de S1 es crucial para la colocación segura de tornillos para la fijación transpedicular posterior. Objectives of the present study were to determine the anatomical parameters of the S1 pedicle in South Indian population and to compare the data, with respect to male and female genders. The stud­­y included 50 dry sacra (25 male and 25 female), which were obtained from the anatomy laboratory of our institution. It is observed in the present study that the mean S1 pedicle length was 49.9± 3.6 mm for male and 46.3± 4.8 mm for the female. The cephalocaudal heights of S1 pedicle were 27.2±4.0 mms and 23.9±3.7 mms for the male and female respectively. The anteroposterior width of S1 pedicle was 7.5± 1.3 mms, 7.5± 1.7 mms in males and females respectively. The anteroposterior distances of S1, from the sacral promontory to the spinous process of S1 were 52.9± 5.2 mms and 50.4± 6.8 mms respectively for the male and female genders. The present study observed that the mean S1 pedicle length and the cephalocaudal height were higher (p<0.05) for the males than that of females. The data (male vs female) were not found statistically different (p>0.05), with respect to the anteroposterior width of the S1 pedicle and the anteroposterior distances of S1 from the sacral promontory to the spinous process of S1. The present study has provided important morphometric data onto the pedicle of the first sacral vertebrae, from the anatomical samples of the South Indian population. The knowledge of pedicle diameters of S1 is crucial to the safe placement of screws in the posterior transpedicular screw fixation.

scholarly journals The Morphometric study of Internal acoustic meatus in dry skulls of South Indian adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 051-058
Author(s):  
Vinay KV ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Population ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
South Indian Population ◽  
Internal Acoustic Meatus ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Bony Canal ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Skull Trauma ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Temporal Bones

Abstract Background: The internal acoustic meatus (IAM) is a bony canal present between labyrinth and posterior cranial fossa. The normal morphometry of IAM is useful during evaluation of cases of skull trauma, congenital anomalies of IAM affecting the individual nerves, and in pre evaluation of surgeries of ear. The present study was done to determine the normal dimensions of IAM and to have a morphological database of the IAM for South Indian population. Materials & methods: The present study was conducted on 37 temporal bones of adult skulls. The impression of IAM was taken by injecting polyvinyl siloxane (PVS) impression material into the IAM and the dimensions were measured by using digital vernier callipers on right and left side separately. The height and width of IAM at porous, middle and fundus were measured and tabulated. Results: As there was no significant statistical difference between the parameters of right and left sides the data were pooled together. The mean height & width of IAM at porous end was 4.5mm & 6.42mm respectively. The mean height & width of IAC at its middle portion was 4.04mm & 4.91mm respectively. The mean height & width of IAM at the fundus was 3.8mm and 4.60mm respectively. The superior length & inferior length was 8.60 & 8.70mm respectively. Conclusion:This study provides a ready reference for dimensions of IAM of adult dry skull in South Indian population. The present study confirms that there is difference in the dimensions of IAM among different races and regions and thus emphasizes the need to have normal data for our population.

scholarly journals Estimating usual intakes mainly affects the micronutrient distribution among infants, toddlers and pre-schoolers from the 2012 Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1017-1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Piernas ◽  
Donna R Miles ◽  
Denise M Deming ◽  
Kathleen C Reidy ◽  
Barry M Popkin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
National Health ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Nutrient Adequacy ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Mexican Children ◽  
Usual Intake

AbstractObjectiveTo compare estimates from one day with usual intake estimates to evaluate how the adjustment for within-person variability affected nutrient intake and adequacy in Mexican children.DesignIn order to obtain usual nutrient intakes, the National Cancer Institute’s method was used to correct the first 24 h dietary recall collected in the entire sample (n 2045) with a second 24 h recall collected in a sub-sample (n 178). We computed estimates of one-day and usual intakes of total energy, fat, Fe, Zn and Na.Setting2012 Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey.SubjectsA total of 2045 children were included: 0–5·9 months old (n 182), 6–11·9 months old (n 228), 12–23·9 months old (n 537) and 24–47·9 months old (n 1098). From these, 178 provided an additional dietary recall.ResultsAlthough we found small or no differences in energy intake (kJ/d and kcal/d) between one-day v. usual intake means, the prevalence of inadequate and excessive energy intake decreased somewhat when using measures of usual intake relative to one day. Mean fat intake (g/d) was not different between one-day and usual intake among children >6 months old, but the prevalence of inadequate and excessive fat intake was overestimated among toddlers and pre-schoolers when using one-day intake (P<0·05). Compared with usual intake, estimates from one day yielded overestimated prevalences of inadequate micronutrient intakes but underestimated prevalences of excessive intakes among children aged >6 months.ConclusionsThere was overall low variability in energy and fat intakes but higher for micronutrients. Because the usual intake distributions are narrower, the prevalence of inadequate/excessive intakes may be biased when estimating nutrient adequacy if one day of data is used.

scholarly journals Skull Base Angle Morphometry in South Indian Population with Review on Terminology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veeramani Raveendranath ◽  
Prafulla Kumar Dash ◽  
Krishnan Nagarajan ◽  
Thangaraj Kavitha ◽  
Srinidhi Swathi
Keyword(s):  
Skull Base ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
South Indian Population ◽  
Basal Angle ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Coefficient Corrélation ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Introduction Basal angle, Boogaard’s angle, and clival angle are frequently used in diagnosing the craniometric angle malformations either on radiography or now more on MRI. But anatomic and clinical studies have used varied terms for these parameters. We aimed to look for these parameters among a normal south Indian adult population to standardize the measurements and their terminology. Materials and Methods One hundred MRI images (50 males and 50 female) were studied retrospectively. MRI images that were reported as normal by neuroradiologist were taken up for the study. Mean and the standard deviation of males and females were calculated for basal angle, Boogaard’s angle, and clival angle, separately. Unpaired t-test was used to analyze the significant difference (p < 0.05) between the genders. The intraclass coefficient correlation was used to analyze the interobserver variability. Results The mean value of basal angle in males and females are 113°and 114°, respectively. The mean value of Boogaard’s angle in males and females are 120°and 121°, respectively. The mean value of clival angle in males and females are 157°and 155°, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) between males and females in all three angles. Conclusion Knowledge about the normal angles will be an important tool in understanding the normal and abnormal skull base. Since the type of skull varies in accordance with race, the normal craniometric angle also varies in accordance with race. The present study tried to standardize the parameters of normal skull base angles for appropriate correction of the anomalies and uniform usage of terminology.

scholarly journals Measurement of Insall Salvati ratio and modified Insall Salvati ratio to assess the position of the patella in South Indian population

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar C. ◽  
Ganesan G. Ram
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
South Indian Population ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Radiological Assessment ◽  
Patella Baja ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Female Predominance ◽  
The Mean

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background: </strong><span lang="EN-IN">This is an observational study that was carried out to find the mean Insall Salvati ratio and modified Insall Salvati ratio in people coming to outpatient department requiring radiograph of knee joint..</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods: </strong>Radiological assessment of 200 knees which included 100 men and 100 women above the age group of 18,in a period of 6 months for which Insall Salvati and modified Insall Salvati ratio were calculated.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">The mean Insall Salvati ratio was calculated to be 0.805 and the mean modified Insall Salvati ratio was 0.605 in South Indian.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on the above study i conclude that majority of South Indian population had patella baja with female predominance<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p>

Presurgical Nasoalveolar Molding Therapy Using Figueroa's NAM Technique in Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Patients: A Preliminary Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 410-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shafees Koya ◽  
Sandeep Shetty ◽  
Akhter Husain ◽  
Mustafa Khader
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
South Indian Population ◽  
Modified Technique ◽  
Arch Width ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Photographic Analysis ◽  
Before And After ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Nasoalveolar Molding

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the results of nasoalveolar molding (NAM) in the treatment of patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate using a modified technique in a South Indian population. Study design: The design was a prospective study with blinded measurements. The sample constituted 10 complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) patients who underwent NAM therapy by the same operator. Direct extra and intra oral anthropometric measurements were done using a digital vernier caliper before and after NAM therapy. A photographic evaluation was also done to rate the nasal deformity post NAM therapy. The differences between measurements were statistically analyzed using paired t tests. Results: The extra oral measurements revealed a statistically significant increase in bi-alar width, columellar length and width. The intraoral measurements demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in anterior alveolar cleft width. There was also a significant increase in arch width and greater and lesser segments length. All cases were rated as improved by the surgeons in photographic analysis. Conclusion: The study has quantitatively shown that the modified NAM therapy improved nasal asymmetry by columellar lengthening and effectively molded the maxillary alveolar arch.

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