scholarly journals Association between socio-economic status and childhood undernutrition in Bangladesh; a comparison of possession score and poverty index

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1498-1504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masuda Mohsena ◽  
CG Nicholas Mascie-Taylor ◽  
Rie Goto
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Poverty Index ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The Family ◽  
Height For Age ◽  
Weight For Age ◽  
Children Under 5

AbstractObjectiveTo determine how much of the variation in nutritional status of Bangladeshi children under 5 years old can be attributed to the socio-economic status of the family.DesignNutritional status used reference Z-scores of weight-for-age (WAZ), height-for-age (HAZ) and weight-for-height (WHZ). A ‘possession score’ was generated based on ownership of a radio, television, bicycle, motorcycle and telephone, and the availability of electricity, with categories of 0 to 4+ possessions. A five-point (quintile) ‘poverty index’ was created using principal component analysis.SettingThe Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2004 was the source of data.SubjectsA sample of 4891 children aged <5 years was obtained.ResultsSome 57·8 % of the sample was either stunted, wasted or underweight (7·7 % were stunted, wasted and underweight). Of those stunted (48·4 %), 25·7 % were also underweight. Underweight and wasting prevalences were 40·7 % and 14·3 %, respectively. Mean WAZ, HAZ and WHZ did not differ by sex. Children of mothers with no education or no possessions were, on average, about 1 sd more underweight and stunted than those with higher educated mothers or with 4+ possessions. The possession score provided much greater discrimination of undernutrition than the poverty index. Nearly 50 % of children from households with no possessions were stunted, wasted or underweight (only 27 % in the poorest quintile), compared with only 3–6 % of children from households with 4+ possessions (over 13 % in the richest quintile).ConclusionsMaternal education and possession score were the main predictors of a child’s nutritional status. Possession score was a much better indicator of undernutrition than the poverty index.

scholarly journals Mothers’ Nutrition Knowledge and Child Nutritional Status in India

1988 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Abbi ◽  
Parul Christian ◽  
Sunder Gujaral ◽  
Tara Gopaldas
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
House Construction ◽  
The Family ◽  
Construction Type ◽  
Child Nutritional Status ◽  
Height For Age ◽  
Weight For Age

This article analyses the effects on children's nutritional status of their mothers’ knowledge of nutrition while controlling for the effects of the socio-economic characteristics of the family. In almost every test of the effects of various aspects of nutritional knowledge on weight for age and height for age, per capita monthly income was a significant intervening factor; the exception was the knowledge of ORS preparation. In the case of weight for height, house construction type was a significant intervening factor. The authors conclude that, unless mothers’ economic status improves simultaneously with nutrition knowledge, they may not be able to practice what they know, but that it is nevertheless essential to increase their nutrition knowledge.

Catch-up growth in children after repair of Tetralogy of Fallot

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 507-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Carmona ◽  
Lucas S. Hatanaka ◽  
Marco A. Barbieri ◽  
Heloisa Bettiol ◽  
Roseli B. D. Toffano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tetralogy Of Fallot ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Residual Lesions ◽  
Height For Age ◽  
Weight For Age

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the growth of children after repair of Tetralogy of Fallot, as well as the influence of residual lesions and socio-economic status.MethodsA total of 17 children, including 10 boys with a median age of 16 months at surgery, were enrolled in a retrospective cohort, in a tertiary care university hospital. Anthropometric (as z-scores), clinical, nutritional, and social data were collected.ResultsWeight-for-age and weight-for-height z-scores decreased pre-operatively and recovered post-operatively in almost all patients, most markedly weight for age. Weight-for-height z-scores improved, but were still lower than birth values in the long term. Long-term height-for-age z-scores were higher than those at birth, surgery, and 3 months post-operatively. Most patients showed catch-up growth for height for age (70%), weight for age (82%), and weight for height (70%). Post-operative residual lesions (76%) influenced weight-for-age z-scores. Despite the fact that most patients (70%) were from low-income families, energy intake was above the estimated requirement for age and gender in all but one patient. There was no influence of socio-economic status on pre- and post-operative growth. Bone age was delayed and long-term-predicted height was within mid-parental height limits in 16 children (93%).ConclusionChildren submitted to Tetralogy of Fallot repair had pre-operative acute growth restriction and showed post-operative catch-up growth for weight and height. Acute growth restriction could still be present in the long term.

scholarly journals The Association between Nutritional Knowledge, Socio-Economic Status of Caregivers and Stunting of Children under 5 Years in Kwale County of Kenya: A Baseline Survey

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Violet Wanjihia ◽  
Violet Wanjihia ◽  
Chepkirui F ◽  
Hitachi M ◽  
Muniu E ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children ◽  
Children Under 5

Background: In Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC), including Kenya, undernutrition has been the most significant contributor to child morbidity and mortality. Knowledge and practices of mothers/caregivers have been identified as a key sustainable factor for consideration in determining the nutritional status of children. The study aim was to determine how caregiver knowledge and socio-economic status will impact on nutritional status of children under 5 years. Methods: This study was conducted in Kwale County, Kenya, to assess baseline maternal and child parameters. Seven hundred pairs; children and their primary caregivers were sampled at baseline. Results: A total of 681 households comprised of caregiver and index child pair participated in the survey from the sampled 700. Knowledge scores of food functions, breastfeeding and complementary feeding were combined to assess caregivers’ nutritional knowledge with a maximum score of 24. The median score was 11 (IQR: 9-12) and ranged from 0 to 24. Those with scores of 12 and above (50% plus) were 230 (33.2%). Stunting was 29.8% and the level of under-weight was 16.4%. No significant association was found between nutritional knowledge of the caregivers and nutritional indicators of children under 5 years, but there were significant differences (P= 0.002) in the Knowledge score of caregivers between the five wealth quintiles. Conclusion: Most of the caregivers did not have any nutritional knowledge which was assessed as knowledge of food groups and sources and functions of different foods as well as knowledge in breastfeeding and complementary feeding.

scholarly journals Child Malnutrition and Feeding Practices in Malawi

1997 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nyovani Janet Madise ◽  
Mabel Mpoma
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children ◽  
Weight For Age

The 1992 Malawi and Demographic Health Survey data are used to assess the association between breast-feeding practices, socio-economic and morbidity variables, and the nutritional status of children under the age of five years using multilevel models. About 27% of under-five children in Malawi are underweight, and nearly 50% are stunted. The results of this study suggest that socio-economicfactors, morbidity, and inappropriate feeding practices are some of the factors associated with malnutrition in Malawi. High socio-economic status, as measured by urban residence, the presence of modern amenities, and some maternal education, is associated with better nutritional status, whereas morbidity within two weeks before the survey is associated with low weight-for-age Z scores. Breast-feeding is almost universal and is carried on for about 21 months, but the introduction of complementary food starts much too early; only 3% of Malawian children under the age of 4 months are exclusively breastfed. Children aged 12 months or older who were still breastfeeding at the time of the survey were of lower nutritional status than those who had stopped breastfeeding. The analysis also showed a significant intra-family correlation of weight-for-age Z scores of children of the same family of about 39%.

scholarly journals Pola Asuh Ibu dan Status Gizi Balita

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Masita Masita ◽  
Marwati Biswan ◽  
Erlin Puspita
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Maternal Employment ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Program Improvement ◽  
Nutrition Program ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Nutrition

Abstract Nutritional state of toddler is one measure of the success of health development, therefore nutrition of toddler need attention. The government has been carrying out activities to improve family nutrition known as the Applied Nutrition Program or the Family Nutrition Program Improvement Effort which provides practical nutrition education to families through the monitoring of infant growth in integrated posyandu, and a whole basic health care package. Factors affecting nutritional status can be distinguished on direct and indirect factors. Direct Factor determined by dietary intake and infectious disease, while the indirect factors include the availability of food in the family, child care, health care and environmental conditions. The purpose: of the study to determine the relationship between parenting mothers with nutritional status of toddler, with dependent variable is nutritional status of children and the independent variables included maternal parenting practices how to feed, how to care for infants, mothers and toddlers hygiene practices as well as external variables include education, employment, economic status and mother's education. Method: uses a cross-sectional study carried out in health center sub-district of Pancoran Mas Depok in June 2011. Samples were mothers with toddlers and collected directly by using the questionnaire. Result: Multivariatble analysis showed a significant relationship between the practice of caring for infants with nutritional status. The mothers who had a bad practice of care for a toddler will have the risk 2 times on incidence of poor nutritional status in infants. In conclusions, the practice of caring for infants and mother knowledge affect the nutritional status of toddler. Statistically there is no significant association between feeding practices, hygiene practices of mothers and infants, maternal education, maternal employment and economic status on the incidence of malnutrition

scholarly journals Growth of preschool children in the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya: regional and sociodemographic differences

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 458-469
Author(s):  
J. Hameida ◽  
L. Billot ◽  
J. P. Deschamps
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sociodemographic Differences ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children ◽  
Height For Age ◽  
Weight For Age ◽  
Children Under 5

This cross-sectional study was performed in two regions of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya. The aim was to study the growth and nutritional status of children under 5 years of age and the effect of socioeconomic factors on child development. Anthropometric indices [weight-for-age, height-for-age and weight-for-height] differed in the two regions. The prevalence of stunting was significantly higher among children from mainly rural Al Jabel Al Garby [6.1%] than those from urban Tripoli [2.5%]. The z-scores that correlated strongly with under-nutrition included: mother’s education, child’s age and sex, and region. Stunting was significantly related to age and region and to maternal education level and family size. Wasting was highly correlated with maternal education.

scholarly journals Nutritional status of school children living in Northern part of Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Sathiadas ◽  
Annieston Antonyraja ◽  
Arunath Viswalingam ◽  
Kasthuri Thangaraja ◽  
V. P. Wickramasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
School Children ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Height For Age

Abstract Background Nutritional status is an important indicator for measuring quality of life in children. A region that is recovering from war will face many problems related to nutrition. Very few studies have addressed the nutritional problems in school children. This study was undertaken to identify the prevalence of wasting, stunting and obesity among school children from Northern Sri Lanka and associated socio-demographic factors. Methods A community based cross-sectional study was carried out using multistage stratified proportionate cluster among healthy children attending schools in the Northern part of the country. Height and weight were measured, and Body Mass Index (BMI) calculated [weight (kg)/Height (m) 2]. BMI-for-age z-score (BAZ) and Height for age Z (HAZ) scores were determined and WHO growth references were used to categorise the nutritional status. Correlation between various nutritional problems with Maternal education, household income, number of family members and the residential area was assessed. Results A total of 1012 children were recruited, and the mean age and standard deviation were 11.12±1.77 yrs. Girls in the age ranges of 9–14 were heavier and taller when compared to the boys compatible with the pubertal growth spurt. Stunting based on the height for age was seen in 10.9% of boys and 11.8% of girls. Wasting based on BMI for age WHO standard (WHO 2007) was seen in 30.6% of boys and 29.1% of the girls. The prevalence of overweight was 11% and Obesity was 6.3% of the population. Obesity was predominantly seen in boys (4.2%) and it was significantly higher when compared to the girls (2.1%) (p < 0.001). Obesity in older boys (> 10 years) was significantly more than the younger ones (p < 0.01). Maternal education and family income had a significant impact on the prevalence of wasting, stunting and obesity whereas the family size contributed to the wasting and obesity (p< 0.001). Conclusion Findings suggest that stunting, wasting, overweight and obesity are prevalent among 6–16-year-old leading to concerns in public health. The nutritional status significantly varies according to the geographical location, maternal education and the household income.

scholarly journals Water, sanitation and hygiene practices associated with improved height-for-age, weight-for-height and weight-for-age z-scores in Nepal.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Som Kumar Shrestha ◽  
Don Vicendese ◽  
Bircan Erbas
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
P Value ◽  
Child Undernutrition ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Height For Age ◽  
Weight For Age

Abstract Background: Evidence of the influence of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) behaviors on childhood nutritional status is inconsistent. Few studies have examined their interactive effects. This study aimed to examine associations and interactions between WASH variables and preschool child undernutrition. Methods: Data from a nationally representative sample of 2352 children assessed during the 2016 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey were analyzed by multi-variable linear regression to understand the association between height-for-age (HAZ), weight-for-height (WHZ) and weight-for-age (WAZ) z-scores and WASH variables. Interactions between WASH variables, sex and area of residence on childhood nutritional status were also examined. Results: The mean z-score [standard deviation] for children’s WAZ, HAZ and WHZ scores were -1.33 [1.1], -1.52 [1.3] and -0.65 [1.1], respectively. A unit increase in cluster sanitation coverage was associated with an increase of 0.30 (95%CI: 0.12 to 0.48) for WAZ and 0.28 (95%CI: 0.001 to 0.56) for HAZ scores. Household water purification practice was associated with an increase of 0.24 (95%CI: 0.07 to 0.41) in WHZ score. Handwashing practice with water and soap was associated with an increase of 0.15 (95%CI: 0.04 to 0.25) in WAZ and 0.13 (95%CI: 0.01 to 0.24) in WHZ scores. The effect of water purification practice was higher for rural areas compared to urban settings for HAZ scores (p-value for interaction=0.02). Conclusions: Consistent with findings from other countries in the South Asian region, findings of this study highlight the potential importance of good WASH practices, and therefore the potential of WASH interventions, to contribute to improved nutritional status in rural Nepal.

scholarly journals Manuscript title: Prevalence and determinants of undernutrition among under-five children residing in urban slums and rural area, Maharashtra, India: a community-based cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujata Kapil Murarkar ◽  
Jayashree Sachin Gothankar ◽  
Prakash Doke ◽  
Prasad Pore ◽  
Sanjay Lalwani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Urban Slums ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children

Abstract BackgroundUndernutrition among under five children in India is a major public health problem.Despite India’s growth in the economy, the child mortality rate due to undernutrition is still high in both urban and rural areas.Studies that focus on urban slums are scarce. Hence the present study was carried out to assess the prevalence and determinants of undernutrition in children under five in Maharashtra, India.Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 16 randomly selected clusters in two districts of Maharashtra state, India. Data were collected through house to house survey by interviewing mothers of under five children. Total 2929 mothers and their 3,671 under five children were covered. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify the determinants of child nutritional status seperately in urban and rural areas. ResultsThe mean age of the children was 2.38 years (±SD 1.36) and mean age of mothers was 24.25 years (± SD 6.37).Overall prevalence of stunting among children under five was 45.9 %, wasting was 17.1% and 35.4% children were underweight.Prevalence of wasting, stunting and underweight were more seen in an urban slum than a rural area.In the rural areas exclusive breast feeding(p<0.001) and acute diarrhea (p=0.001) were associated with wasting, children with birth order 2 or less than 2 were associated with stunting and exclusive breast feeding (p<0.05) and low maternal education were associated with underweight. Whereas in the urban slums exclusive breast feeding(p<0.05) was associated with wasting, sex of the child (p<0.05) and type of family(p<0.05)were associated with stunting,and low income of the family(p<0.05) was associated with underweight.ConclusionsFactors like sex of the child, birth order,exclusive breast feeding ,economic status of the family, type of family,acute diarrhea and maternal education have influence on nutritional status of the child. Improvement of maternal education will improve the nutritional status of the child. Strategies are needed to improve the economic status of the community.Trial registration-Trial registration number:CTRI/2017/12/010881;Registration date:14/12/2017. Retrospectively registered.

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