scholarly journals Soft drinks consumption, diet quality and BMI in a Mediterranean population

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 778-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Balcells ◽  
Mario Delgado-Noguera ◽  
Ricardo Pardo-Lozano ◽  
Taïs Roig-González ◽  
Anna Renom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Mediterranean Population ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Independent Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Diet Score

AbstractObjectivesEvidence of the effects of soft drinks consumption on BMI and lifestyle in adult populations is mixed and quite limited. The aim of the present study was to determine the association of soft drinks consumption with BMI and lifestyle in a representative Mediterranean population.DesignTwo independent, population-based, cross-sectional (2000 and 2005) studies. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated FFQ. Weight and height were measured.SettingGirona, Spain.SubjectsRandom sample of the 35- to 74-year-old population (3910 men and 4285 women).ResultsLess than half (41·7 %) of the population consumed soft drinks; the mean consumption was 36·2 ml/d. The prevalence of sedentary lifestyle increased with the frequency of soft drinks consumption (P = 0·025). Daily soft drinks consumption significantly increased the risk of low adherence to the Mediterranean diet (OR = 0·57, 95 % CI 0·44, 0·74 v. top tertile of Mediterranean diet score). Multiple linear regression analyses, controlled for potential confounders, revealed that an increment in soft drinks consumption of 100 ml was associated with a 0·21 kg/m2 increase in BMI (P = 0·001). Only implausibly low reports of energy consumption showed a null association between soft drinks consumption and BMI.ConclusionsSoft drinks consumption was not embedded in a healthy diet context and was positively associated with BMI and sedentary lifestyle in this Mediterranean population.

scholarly journals Prevalence in the eligibility for weight loss treatment in a Mediterranean population

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 442-446
Author(s):  
Helmut Schröder ◽  
Roberto Elosua ◽  
Juan Vila ◽  
Helena Martí ◽  
Maria-Isabel Covas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Treatment Algorithm ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Mediterranean Population ◽  
Weight Loss Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Independent Population

The aim of the present study was to analyse the prevalence and time trends of the subjects in a Mediterranean population meeting the criteria for weight loss treatment according to the National Institutes of Health (US) treatment algorithm proposed by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Obesity Education Initiative Expert Panel. A random sample of the 25–74 year old population (n 4908) of Gerona, Spain, was examined in 1994–1995 and 1999–2000 in two independent population-based cross-sectional surveys. Cardiovascular risk factors, lifestyle measures and anthropometric variables were analysed. The prevalence of subjects meeting the criteria for weight loss treatment according to the National Institutes of Health algorithm significantly increased from 46·4 to 52·9 % in men and from 35·1 to 40·4 % in women from 1995 to 2000. Stratifying this analysis for age groups revealed a significant increase among women aged 25 to 39 years and the older age group (60 to 74 years) of both genders. This increase was mainly observed in men and women with primary school education. The high prevalence of subjects meeting the criteria for weight loss treatment and the increasing secular trend is an important issue for health policy. This trend is more pronounced in older age groups and among the population with a basic educational level.

scholarly journals Comparison of Solar Radiation and Myopia Occurrence in South Korean Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Hun Gu Choo ◽  
Sang Hoon Rah ◽  
Soo Han Kim
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Sunshine Duration ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Korean Children ◽  
Entire Cohort ◽  
South Korean ◽  
The Mean

Purpose. To investigate the association between regional solar radiation and myopia occurrence in South Korean children. Materials and Methods. A population-based cross-sectional study using data of 1218 children aged 7–9 years from the Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey was conducted from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2012. Myopia prevalence and the mean spherical equivalent were estimated; myopia was defined as spherical equivalent refraction <−1.5 D. Data regarding solar radiation and sunshine duration were collected from 21 national monitoring stations in South Korea. Multiple logistic regression analyses and multiple linear regression analyses were used to evaluate the associations. However, the most important covariate, the time spent outdoors, was not measured and could not be used. Results. In the entire cohort of 1218 participants, solar radiation and sunshine duration were significantly associated with the mean spherical equivalent (P=0.001 and P=0.014, B = 0.088 and B = 0.069, respectively) and solar radiation was significantly associated with myopia prevalence (P=0.008). And, a negative but not statistically significant association between sunshine duration and myopia prevalence was observed (P=0.064, respectively). Conclusions. Solar radiation and sunshine duration are associated with the mean spherical equivalent and myopia prevalence in South Korean children.

Modified Mediterranean diet score adapted to a southern Mediterranean population and its relation to overweight and obesity risk

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Khaoula El Kinany ◽  
Meimouna Mint Sidi Deoula ◽  
Zineb Hatime ◽  
Hanae Abir Boudouaya ◽  
Mariam Atassi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Mediterranean Population ◽  
Obesity Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Southern Mediterranean

Abstract Objectives: The current study aimed to develop a modified Mediterranean diet (MMD) score adjusted to the southern Mediterranean countries’ cultural specificities and to evaluate associations between adherence to this modified score and overweight/obesity risk in Moroccan adults. Design: Population-based cross-sectional study. Setting: Rural and urban areas of the five greatest provinces of Morocco. Participants: In total, 1516 participants were recruited between September 2009 and February 2017. Dietary assessment was obtained using a validated Moroccan FFQ. We constructed a MMD score focusing on twelve components. The MMD score ranged from 0 (no adherence to the traditional southern Mediterranean diet (MD)) to 12 (maximal adherence) and was categorised as low (scores 0–4), moderate (scores 5–7) and high (scores 8–12). Results: Among the whole population, 754 (50·5 %) were women and 738 (49·5 %) were men, and the mean age was about 55·60 ± 13·70. In total, 58 % of participants were moderately active. Regarding educational level, 50·7 % were illiterate. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 43·3 and 8·6 %, respectively. In multivariate analyses, close adherence to MMD (scores 8–12) was associated with reduced overweight/obesity risk (OR 0·61, 95 % CI 0·44, 0·84). Conclusion: The prevalence of overweight and obesity was very high among Moroccan adults. Adherence to the traditional southern MD may help prevent overweight and obesity.

scholarly journals Concurrent and construct validity of Mediterranean diet scores as assessed by an FFQ

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2015-2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra A Benítez-Arciniega ◽  
Michelle A Mendez ◽  
Jose M Baena-Díez ◽  
Maria-Asunción Rovira Martori ◽  
Cristina Soler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Diet Score

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to assess the concurrent and construct validity of two diet-quality indices, a modified Mediterranean diet score (mMDS) and a Mediterranean-like diet score (MLDS) additionally incorporating unhealthy food choices, as determined by an FFQ.DesignA validation study assessing FFQ intake estimates compared with ten or more unannounced 24 h recalls. Pearson's correlation coefficients, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), Bland–Altman plots and the limits of agreement method were used to assess the between-method agreement of scores. Construct validity was shown using associations between nutrient intakes derived from multiple 24 h recalls and the mMDS and MLDS derived from the FFQ.SettingGerona, Spain.SubjectsA total of 107 consecutively selected participants from a population-based cross-sectional survey.ResultsPearson's correlations for the energy-adjusted mMDS and MLDS compared with multiple recalls were 0·48 and 0·62, respectively. The average FFQ energy-adjusted mMDS and MLDS were 102 % and 98 % of the recall-based mMDS and MLDS estimates, respectively. The FFQ under- and overestimated dietary recall estimates of the energy-adjusted MLDS by 28 % and 25 %, respectively, with slightly wider boundaries for the mMDS (31 % and 34 %). The ICC, which assesses absolute agreement, was similar to Pearson's correlations (mMDS = 0·48 and MLDS = 0·61). The mean differences between methods were similar across the range of average ratings for both scores, indicating the absence of bias. The FFQ-derived mMDS and MLDS correlated in the anticipated directions with intakes of eleven (73·3 %) and thirteen of fifteen nutrients (86·7 %), respectively.ConclusionsThe FFQ provides valid estimates of diet quality as assessed by the mMDS and MLDS.

scholarly journals High Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet Is Associated with a Reduced Risk of Obesity among Adults in Gulf Countries

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 995
Author(s):  
Israa M. Shatwan ◽  
Eiman A. Alhinai ◽  
Balqees Alawadhi ◽  
Shelini Surendran ◽  
Najlaa M. Aljefree ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gulf Countries ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Mediterranean

The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is considered as a good example of a healthy dietary pattern that has protective effects on obesity. The aim of the present study was to assess the adherence of adults from three Gulf countries (Saudi Arabia, Oman, and Kuwait) to the MedDiet and its association with obesity risk. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 961 men and women (75.7%) aged 20–55 years old. Waist circumference (WC), and hip circumference (HC) were measured waist/hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI) were calculated. A validated 14-item Questionnaire was used to measure adherence to MedDiet. The mean of the adherence to MedDiet score was 5.9 ± 2.03 for the total sample. An inverse association was observed between the adherence to MedDiet and BMI after adjusting for potential confounders (p = 0.0003 in total participants, and p = 0.001 in women only). A protective effect was seen with a higher adherence to the MedDiet on HC, suggesting that a greater adherence to the MedDiet was associated with a decreased HC (p = 0.04 in total participants, and p = 0.01 in women only). In conclusion, low adherence to the MedDiet among participants from three gulf countries was associated with increased obesity indicators, BMI, and HC.

scholarly journals Adherence to Mediterranean Diet among Lebanese University Students

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1264
Author(s):  
Joanne Karam ◽  
Maria del Mar Bibiloni ◽  
Mireille Serhan ◽  
Josep A. Tur
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Older Students ◽  
Adequate Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adherence Score ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The University

Scarce studies described eating habits and diet quality among university students in Lebanon. The aim of this study is to assess the rate of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) among Lebanese university students. A cross-sectional nutritional survey was carried out on 525 students (53% men, 18–25 years old) from the University of Balamand, Lebanon. Adherence to the MedDiet was assessed using a validated 14-item MedDiet adherence score. Mean adherence to the MedDiet was 7.96 (standard deviation 2.2), and it was adequate in 59% of participants. Adherence to the MedDiet was higher in older students and nonsmokers. Legumes, vegetables, fruits, and nuts were consumed according to the MedDiet standards among a minimum of 48.4% and a maximum of 69.5% of participants. Chicken, turkey, or rabbit was preferred by 66.9% of participants instead of beef, pork, hamburgers, or sausages; however, just 56.2% of participants showed adequate intake of red meat, hamburger, or meat products. Only 28.8% of them referred to an adequate intake of fish or shellfish. Most of the participants (86.3%) used olive oil as the main added fat, and 67.2% reported a low intake of butter and derivatives. Sofrito was also very usual among participants (79.6%). Only half of the studied sample reported an adequate intake of sweet or carbonated beverages and commercial sweets or pastries. Among the assessed sample, half the participants showed adequate adherence to the MedDiet; however, the mean of adherence among the sample is low.

scholarly journals Ultra-processed food consumption in Barbados: evidence from a nationally representative, cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel M. Harris ◽  
Angela M. C. Rose ◽  
Suzanne Soares-Wynter ◽  
Nigel Unwin
Keyword(s):  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Our objective was to describe, for the first time in an English-speaking Caribbean country, the contribution of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) to nutrients linked to non-communicable disease. Using a cross-sectional study design, dietary data were collected from two non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls. Recorded food items were then classified according to their degree of processing by the NOVA system. The present study took place in Barbados (2012–13). A representative population-based sample of 364 adult Barbadians (161 males and 203 females) aged 25–64 years participated in the study. UPFs represented 40⋅5 % (838 kcal/d; 95 % CI 791, 885) of mean energy intake. Sugar-sweetened beverages made the largest contribution to energy within the UPF category. Younger persons (25–44 years) consumed a significantly higher proportion of calories from UPF (NOVA group 4) compared with older persons (45–64 years). The mean energy shares of UPF ranged from 22⋅0 to 58⋅9 % for those in the lowest tertile to highest tertile. Within each tertile, the energy contribution was significantly higher in the younger age group (25–44 years) compared with the older (45–64 years). One-quarter of persons consume ≥50 % of their daily calories from UPF, this being significantly higher in younger persons. The ultra-processed diet fraction contained about six times the mean of free sugars and about 0⋅8 times the dietary fibre of the non-ultra-processed fraction (NOVA groups 1–3). Targeted interventions to decrease the consumption of UPF especially in younger persons is thus of high priority to improve the diet quality of Barbadians.

scholarly journals Influence on attitudes and lifestyle due to lockdown amidst COVID-19 pandemic: a perception-based analysis among Bangladeshi residents

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Saiful Islam ◽  
Md. Asad Ullah ◽  
Ummay Soumayia Islam ◽  
Sahadat Hossain ◽  
Yusha Araf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Rural Residence ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Abstract Background Countrywide lockdown or stay-at-home order has been implemented to slow down the transmission of emergent coronavirus. However, the influence on attitudes and lifestyle due to lockdown amidst the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been poorly understood. The present study aimed to investigate the influence on attitudes and lifestyle due to lockdown amidst the COVID-19 pandemic among Bangladeshi residents. Methods A cross-sectional survey carried out involving 1635 community dwellers across eight divisions in Bangladesh conducted from April 15, 2020 to May 10, 2020. A structured questionnaire incorporating socio-demographic, attitudes towards lockdown and adverse lifestyle amidst lockdown measures was employed to collect data using the Google Forms. Multiple regression analyses were executed to determine the associated factors of positive attitudes towards lockdown and adverse lifestyle. Results The mean scores of attitudes towards lockdown were 67.9 (SD = 8.4) out of 85 with an overall correct rate (positive attitudes) of 79.9%; whereas the mean scores of adverse lifestyle amidst lockdown were 16.1 (SD = 4.8) out of 34 with an overall rate of 47.4%. The factors associated with more positive attitudes towards lockdown included being female, divorced, higher educated, and students. Conversely, being male, having no formal education, and rural residence were associated factors of adverse lifestyle amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions The findings reflect how the COVID-19 lockdown has preciously impacted the attitudes, and lifestyle of Bangladeshi citizens, which will contribute to promoting appropriate measures during a subsequent zonal or complete lockdown.

scholarly journals Alternate Mediterranean diet score is positively associated with skeletal muscle mass index in middle-aged adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (8) ◽  
pp. 1181-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-yuan Tian ◽  
Rui Qiu ◽  
Li-peng Jing ◽  
Zhan-yong Chen ◽  
Geng-dong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
General Information ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediterranean Diet Score ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass Index ◽  
Diet Score

AbstractResearches have suggested Mediterranean diet might lower the risk of chronic diseases, but data on skeletal muscle mass (SMM) are limited. This community-based cross-sectional study examined the association between the alternate Mediterranean diet score (aMDS) and SMM in 2230 females and 1059 males aged 40–75 years in Guangzhou, China. General information and habitual dietary information were assessed in face-to-face interviews conducted during 2008–2010 and 3 years later. The aMDS was calculated by summing the dichotomous points for the items of higher intakes of whole grain, vegetables, fruits, legumes, nuts, fish and ratio of MUFA:SFA, lower red meat and moderate ethanol consumption. The SMM of the whole body, limbs, arms and legs were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry during 2011–2013. After adjusting for potential covariates, higher aMDS was positively associated with skeletal muscle mass index (SMI, SMM/height2, kg/m2) at all of the studied sites in males (all Ptrend<0·05). The multiple covariate-adjusted SMI means were 2·70 % (whole body), 2·65 % (limbs), 2·50 % (arms) and 2·70 % (legs) higher in the high (v. low) category aMDS in males (all P<0·05). In females, the corresponding values were 1·35 % (Ptrend=0·03), 1·05, 0·52 and 1·20 %, (Ptrend>0·05). Age-stratified analyses showed that the favourable associations tended to be more pronounced in the younger subjects aged less than the medians of 59·2 and 62·2 years in females and males (Pinteraction>0·10). In conclusion, the aMDS shows protective associations with SMM in Chinese adults, particularly in male and younger subjects.

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