scholarly journals Food consumption, physical activity and socio-economic status related to BMI, waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio in adolescents

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 1834-1849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Abreu ◽  
Rute Santos ◽  
Carla Moreira ◽  
Paula Clara Santos ◽  
Jorge Mota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
Negative Predictor

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the association between obesity and food group intakes, physical activity and socio-economic status in adolescents.DesignA cross-sectional study was carried out in 2008. Cole's cut-off points were used to categorize BMI. Abdominal obesity was defined by a waist circumference at or above the 90th percentile, as well as a waist-to-height ratio at or above 0·500. Diet was evaluated using an FFQ, and the food group consumption was categorized using sex-specific tertiles of each food group amount. Physical activity was assessed via a self-report questionnaire. Socio-economic status was assessed referring to parental education and employment status. Data were analysed separately for girls and boys and the associations among food consumption, physical activity, socio-economic status and BMI, waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio were evaluated using logistic regression analysis, adjusting the results for potential confounders.SettingPublic schools in the Azorean Archipelago, Portugal.SubjectsAdolescents (n 1209) aged 15–18 years.ResultsAfter adjustment, in boys, higher intake of ready-to-eat cereals was a negative predictor while vegetables were a positive predictor of overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity. Active boys had lower odds of abdominal obesity compared with inactive boys. Boys whose mother showed a low education level had higher odds of abdominal obesity compared with boys whose mother presented a high education level. Concerning girls, higher intake of sweets and pastries was a negative predictor of overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity. Girls in tertile 2 of milk intake had lower odds of abdominal obesity than those in tertile 1. Girls whose father had no relationship with employment displayed higher odds of abdominal obesity compared with girls whose father had high employment status.ConclusionsWe have found that different measures of obesity have distinct associations with food group intakes, physical activity and socio-economic status.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of the MetSLIM lifestyle intervention targeting individuals of low socio-economic status and different ethnic origins with elevated waist-to-height ratio

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 2617-2628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea J Bukman ◽  
Dorit Teuscher ◽  
Agnes Meershoek ◽  
Reint Jan Renes ◽  
Marleen A van Baak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Deprived Neighbourhoods ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate whether the lifestyle intervention MetSLIM targeting individuals of low socio-economic status of Turkish, Moroccan and Dutch origin was successful in improving waist circumference and other cardiometabolic risk factors, lifestyle behaviour and quality of life.DesignA quasi-experimental intervention study (Netherlands Trial Register NTR3721). The intervention group participated in a 12-month combined dietary and physical activity programme. Examinations were performed at baseline and after 12 months. Participants underwent anthropometric measurements and blood withdrawal, and completed questionnaires on dietary intake, physical activity and quality of life.SettingSocio-economically deprived neighbourhoods in two Dutch cities, involving non-blinded ethnicity-matched and gender-matched research assistants, dietitians and sports instructors.SubjectsMainly Turkish (49 %) and Dutch (36 %) subjects, aged 30–70 years, with a waist-to-height ratio of >0·5 (intervention,n117; control,n103). Dropout was 31 %.ResultsAt 12 months, the intervention group showed greater improvements than the control group in waist circumference (β=−3·3 cm, 95 % CI −4·7, −1·8,P<0·001) and other obesity measures. Additionally, greater reductions were observed for total cholesterol (β=−0·33 mmol/l, 95 % CI −0·56, −0·10,P=0·005) and LDL cholesterol (β=−0·35 mmol/l, 95 % CI −0·56, −0·14,P=0·001). Dietary changes were significant for fibre intake (β=1·5 g/4184 kJ (1000 kcal), 95 % CI 0·3, 2·7,P=0·016). Compared with the control group, the intervention group reported a decrease in total minutes of physical activity (β=−573 min/week, 95 % CI −1126, −21,P=0·042) and showed improvements in the quality-of-life domains ‘health transition’ and ‘general health’.ConclusionsMetSLIM was shown to be effective in improving waist circumference, total and LDL cholesterol, and quality of life among Dutch and Turkish individuals living in deprived neighbourhoods.

Discrepancies between subjective perception and waist-to-height ratio measurement of obesity, and their policy implications

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 1624-1643
Author(s):  
Yong-Woo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Ratio Measurement ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Subjective Perceptions ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

In social sciences, researchers rely on subjective perceptions of obesity measures to examine the determinants of obesity and the likely effects of obesity on health outcomes. However, subjective perception tends to produce estimation biases. In this study, we investigated the misreporting behavior of individuals regarding obesity using waist-to-height ratio as an objective measurement of obesity. Using the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for 2008–2011, we showed that false-reporting behavior was significantly associated with socio-economic status. Furthermore, we presented that subjective perception of obesity yielded misleading estimates in both the determinants and the consequences of obesity.

scholarly journals Are 24 h urinary sodium excretion and sodium:potassium independently associated with obesity in Chinese adults?

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1074-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeng Ge ◽  
Jiyu Zhang ◽  
Xiaorong Chen ◽  
Liuxia Yan ◽  
Xiaolei Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the association of 24 h urinary Na excretion and Na:K with obesity in Chinese adults.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional study using a four-stage stratified sampling strategy.SettingShandong Province, China.SubjectsChinese adults (n 1906) aged 18–69 years who provided complete 24 h urine samples.ResultsOdds of obesity increased significantly across increasing quartiles of urinary Na excretion (1·00, 1·54, 1·69 and 2·52, respectively, for overweight; 1·00, 1·20, 1·50, and 2·03, respectively, for obesity; 1·00, 1·44, 1·85 and 2·53, respectively, for abdominal obesity (assessed by waist circumference); and 1·00, 1·28, 1·44 and 1·75, respectively, for abdominal obesity (assessed by waist-to-height ratio); P for linear trend <0·001 for all). In addition, odds of abdominal obesity, but not odds of overweight and obesity, increased significantly with successive Na:K quartiles. Additionally, for each increment in urinary Na excretion of 100 mmol, odds of overweight, obesity, abdominal obesity (by waist circumference) and abdominal obesity (by waist-to-height ratio) increased significantly by 46 %, 39 %, 55 % and 33 %, respectively. Similarly, with a 1 sd increase in Na:K, odds of abdominal obesity (by waist circumference) and abdominal obesity (by waist-to-height ratio) increased significantly by 12 % and 15 %, respectively.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that 24 h urinary Na excretion and Na:K might be important risk factors for obesity in Chinese adults.

scholarly journals Waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and waist-to-height ratio reference percentiles for abdominal obesity among Greek adolescents

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Flora Bacopoulou ◽  
Vasiliki Efthymiou ◽  
Georgios Landis ◽  
Anastasios Rentoumis ◽  
George P Chrousos
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

P115 Determination of waist circumference and correlation of waist-to-height ratio in adolescents as a prediction tool of high blood pressure

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Kerimkulova ◽  
A S Ospanova ◽  
R G Nurpeissova ◽  
G M Kamalbekova ◽  
T H Rymbaeva
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

Abstract Introduction The obesity and overweight epidemic, together with increasing cardiovascular disease, represent a major health problem worldwide, and their occurrence in childhood and adolescence has increased in recent time. Purpose to assess the association of  waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) coefficient with occurrence rate in adolescents with high blood pressure. Materials and methods The results of a single-step cross-sectional study of teenagers aged 12-13 years studied in 12 secondary schools in our city (Kazakhstan) are presented. The study included adolescents in the amount of 1519 (average age, standard deviation 12.3 + 0.46 years). For representing the outcomes there were used  the measurement of weight, height, BMI, WC, WHtR and the blood pressure of adolescents. Criteria for BP: normal BP (SBP and DBP &lt;89th percentile); high normal BP (SBP and DBP ≤90 and 94th percentile); arterial hypertension (SBP and DBP &gt; 95th percentile). ROC analysis was used to study the relationship between WC, WHtR and BMI. The distinctive impact of  WC or WHtR on the development of these states was expressed as the area under the curve (AUC 95% CI). Results From 1519 studied teenagers of 12-13 years, boys were 49.1% (n = 745), girls 50.9% (n = 774). Population with normal BP composed 62.7%, normal raised BP - 24.8%, hypertension - 12.4%, WC˂90th percentile at 98.5% (n = 939). The distribution by sex was: girls are more likely to have abdominal obesity than boys, (χ²=19.940, df = 1, р˂0.001). An elevated level of  WHtR was detected in 7.6% (n = 115) of adolescents. Among boys were 7.7% (n = 57) and girls 7.5% (n = 58), χ²=0.013, df = 1, p = 0.908. ). Girls (10.8%) with high blood pressure have increase WC than boys (2.1%), χ²=26.689, df = 1, р˂0.001. Adolescents with high blood pressure have enhanced WHtR - 12.2% than adolescents with normal blood pressure (2.7%), χ²=27.518, df = 1, р˂0.001. Increase of WC &gt; 90th percentile enhances with 4.5 times (95% CI: 2.44-8.53) and WHtR with 2.7 times (95% CI: 1.85-4.04) in adolescents with high blood pressure. WC (AUC = 832; 95% CI: 0.792-0.872) and WHtR (AUC = 0.812; 95% CI: 0.770-0.854was a better predictor of abdominal obesity than BMI. Conclusions. Indicators of  WC, WHtR indicating to the presence of abdominal obesity to identify risk factors for the development of high blood pressure. Participants with increase of  WC &gt; 90th percentile were 4.5 times and WHtR were 2.7 times more likely to have high blood pressure.

scholarly journals Breakfast Choice Is Associated with Nutrient, Food Group and Discretionary Intakes in Australian Adults at Both Breakfast and the Rest of the Day

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavia Fayet-Moore ◽  
Andrew McConnell ◽  
Tim Cassettari ◽  
Peter Petocz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Breakfast Cereal ◽  
Anthropometric Measures

Breakfast choice is correlated with daily nutrient intakes, but this association may not be solely explained by the breakfast meal. We profiled breakfast consumer groups among Australian adults and compared the role that breakfast versus the rest of the day had on daily intakes of the Five Food Groups, discretionary foods, and nutrients. Breakfast groups were breakfast cereal consumers, non-cereal breakfast consumers, and breakfast skippers. One-day dietary recall data from the 2011–2012 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey were analysed (n = 9341, ≥19 years), as well as socio-demographic and anthropometric measures. Twelve per cent of adults were breakfast skippers, 41% were breakfast cereal consumers, and 47% were non-cereal breakfast consumers. Females were more likely to have a non-cereal breakfast than males, and the non-cereal breakfast was predominantly bread-based. Breakfast skipping decreased with age (p < 0.001), while breakfast cereal consumption increased with age (p < 0.001). Breakfast skippers were more likely to be male, had a lower socio-economic status, and lower physical activity levels (p < 0.001). Breakfast skippers had the highest mean body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (p < 0.001), the lowest intake of wholegrain foods, fruits and vegetables, and the highest intake of discretionary foods (p < 0.001). Breakfast cereal consumers had the lowest mean BMI and waist circumference (p < 0.001) and had healthier diets at both breakfast and throughout the rest of the day. They were the most likely to meet the daily recommended serves for grain foods, fruit, dairy, and vegetables, had the highest wholegrain food intake, and the lowest discretionary intake (p < 0.001). Additionally, breakfast cereal consumers had the most favourable daily nutrient intakes, including the lowest added sugars intakes. Differences in daily diet between breakfast groups were attributed to differences in food choices both at breakfast and throughout the rest of the day.

scholarly journals Sociodemographic characteristics are associated with prevalence of high-risk waist circumference and high-risk waist-to-height ratio in U.S. adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicia J. Setiono ◽  
Laura A. Guerra ◽  
Cindy Leung ◽  
Tashara M. Leak
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
College Education ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Adiposity status in adolescence is associated with various health outcomes in adulthood. Waist circumference [WC] and waist-to-height ratio [WHtR] are measures of abdominal obesity and have shown to be valid predictors of future chronic diseases. However, the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and WC, as well as WHtR in U.S. adolescents remain unclear. Thus, the study aims to examine associations between sociodemographic characteristics and abdominal obesity among a nationally representative sample of U.S. adolescents. Methods The sample included 4712 adolescents (12–19 years) in the 2007–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Associations between sociodemographic characteristics and abdominal obesity (WC and WHtR) were examined using multiple logistic regression models, adjusted for age, physical activity level, and sedentary activity. Results Around 18% of adolescents had high-risk WC (≥90th percentile) and 34% had high-risk WHtR (≥0.5). Females had higher odds of high-risk WHtR compared to males (OR = 1.46, 95%CI = 1.23–1.72). Mexican American adolescents had higher odds of high-risk WHtR compared to non-Hispanic White (OR = 1.66, 95%CI = 1.24–2.20), non-Hispanic Black (OR = 1.73, 95%CI = 1.26–2.36), and other race/multi-racial adolescents (OR = 1.84, 95%CI = 1.21–2.80). When their parent were college graduates, adolescents had lower odds for high-risk WC compared to when the parent had some college education (OR = 0.68, 95%CI = 0.49–0.93) or a high school degree or less (OR = 0.70, 95%CI = 0.51–0.97). Similar associations were seen between parental education level and high-risk WHtR, as well as between household income and high-risk WHtR. Conclusions Measures of abdominal obesity should be considered to assess burden of adiposity, especially among female adolescents, adolescents from racial/ethnic minority and low socioeconomic status backgrounds. Additionally, future health interventions should consider including changes in WC and WHtR to measure the impact of these interventions.

scholarly journals Abdominal obesity-related risk factors in children from public schools of Barbacena, Minas Gerais, Brazil

2022 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana das Dores Paiva Canuto ◽  
Adriele Vidal Lucas Silva ◽  
João Victor Martins ◽  
Marlene de Melo Fonseca ◽  
Nathália Sernizon Guimarães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the sociodemographic and lifestyle factors associated with abdominal obesity in children from public schools in Barbacena, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 326 students aged 7 to 9 years from public schools in the urban area of the city. Anthropometric data included body weight, height, body mass index according to age, waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio. Food consumption was evaluated using the Previous Day Food Questionnaire. Abdominal obesity was assessed based on waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio. The bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed by logistic regression, estimating the crude and adjusted odds ratio (OR), with 95% confidence interval. Results: The prevalence of overweight was 30.7%; whereas the prevalence of abdominal obesity was 9.2 and 12.6% according to waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio, respectively. Boys (OR 2.76; 95%CI 1.22–6.25) and children from central schools (OR 2.73; 95%CI 1.08–6.80) presented an increased chance of abdominal obesity according to waist circumference. Abdominal obesity according to waist-to-height ratio was associated with the central location of the schools (OR 2.18; 95%CI 1.02–4.63) and the habit of skipping supper (OR 2.01; 95%CI 1.00–4.09). Conclusions: The findings showed that being a boy, studying in a central school, and skipping supper were the main risk factors associated with abdominal obesity.

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