scholarly journals Australia’s evolving food practices: a risky mix of continuity and change

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 2549-2558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Venn ◽  
Cathy Banwell ◽  
Jane Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Continuity And Change ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Food Expenditure ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Food Budget

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate trends in five key aspects of Australian food practice which have been implicated in diet-related health risks, specifically energy intake. They are: the replacement of home-prepared foods by commercially prepared foods; consumer reliance on ultra-processed foods; de-structured dining; increased pace of eating; and a decline in commensal eating.DesignData were from repeated cross-sections from the national Household Expenditure and Time Use Surveys. Trends in food practice aspects were examined using indicators of food expenditure across different food groups and time spent eating and cooking, including where, when and with whom eating activities took place.SettingAustralia, 1989–2010.SubjectsNationally representative samples of Australian households.ResultsThe share of the total food budget spent on food away from home rose steadily from 22·8 % in 1989 to 26·5 % in 2010, while spending on ultra-processed foods increased. The basic patterning of meals and the pace of eating changed little, although people spent more time eating alone and at restaurants. Cooking time declined considerably, particularly for women.ConclusionsThese changes have occurred over the same time that obesity and diet-related, non-communicable diseases have increased rapidly in Australia. Some aspects are implicated more than others: particularly the shift from domestic cooking to use of pre-prepared and ultra-processed foods, a reduction in time spent in food preparation and cooking, as well as an upsurge in time and money devoted to eating away from home. These are all likely to operate through the higher energy content of commercially prepared, compared with unprocessed or lightly processed, foods.

scholarly journals Social determinants of household food expenditure in Australia: the role of education, income, geography and time

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 902-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Venn ◽  
Jane Dixon ◽  
Cathy Banwell ◽  
Lyndall Strazdins
Keyword(s):  
Time Pressure ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Dietary Behaviour ◽  
Time Constraints ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Food Expenditure ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Australian Bureau Of Statistics ◽  
Food Budget

AbstractObjectiveTo examine socio-economic status (SES) and time-related factors associated with less healthy food purchases in Australia.DesignData were from the 2009/10 Household Expenditure Survey (HES) conducted by the Australian Bureau of Statistics. Regression analysis was used to examine the associations between the proportion of the household food budget spent on various food types (processed and unprocessed foods, foods purchased from takeaways and restaurants) and SES and time constraint variables.SettingAustralia, 2009–2010.SubjectsNationally representative sample of Australian households.ResultsHousehold income seems to be the most important correlate with food expenditure patterns once other SES indicators are controlled for. Time constraints appear to explain some, but not all, of the adjusted SES gradients in food expenditure. Comparing home food consumption categories (processed and unprocessed foods) with foods purchased away from home (takeaway and restaurant foods) shows that wealthier, more highly educated and least disadvantaged households spend relatively less of their total food budget on processed and unprocessed foods prepared at home and more on foods purchased away from home at restaurants.ConclusionsSimple SES gradients in dietary behaviour are influenced by correlations between different SES indicators and between SES and time constraints. Examining these factors separately obscures some of the possible causal effects of disadvantage on healthy eating. When formulating policy responses to unhealthy diets, policy makers should consider alternative sources of disadvantage, including time pressure.

scholarly journals Ultra-Processed Foods and Nutritional Dietary Profile: A Meta-Analysis of Nationally Representative Samples

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3390
Author(s):  
Daniela Martini ◽  
Justyna Godos ◽  
Marialaura Bonaccio ◽  
Paola Vitaglione ◽  
Giuseppe Grosso
Keyword(s):  
Classification System ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Nutrient Composition ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Dietary Nutrient ◽  
Nationally Representative

Excessive consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs), as described by the NOVA classification system, represents a potential threat to human health. The nutritional composition of UPFs may explain their observed adverse effects. The present study aimed to provide a quantitative meta-analysis of nationally representative surveys on the consumption of UPFs and the dietary/nutrient composition of respondents’ diets. A systematic search for relevant studies published prior to July 2021 was conducted via electronic databases. The studies that provided the dietary/nutrient composition of foods categorized according to the NOVA classification system were selected. The association between UPFs and other dietary variables was modelled using ordinary least squares linear regression based on aggregated data extracted from the selected articles. Consumption of UPFs represented up to 80% of total caloric intake in the US and Canada, with confectionery and sugar-sweetened beverages being the most consumed items. When considered in relation to other food groups, an inverse linear relation between UPFs and less-processed foods was evident. Increased UPF intake correlated with an increase in free sugars, total fats, and saturated fats, as well as a decrease in fiber, protein, potassium, zinc, and magnesium, and vitamins A, C, D, E, B12, and niacin. In conclusion, the data indicate that increased UPF consumption negatively affects the nutritional quality of diets.

scholarly journals Street Food in Maputo, Mozambique: The Coexistence of Minimally Processed and Ultra-Processed Foods in a Country under Nutrition Transition

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2561
Author(s):  
Sofia Sousa ◽  
Marcello Gelormini ◽  
Albertino Damasceno ◽  
Simão A. Lopes ◽  
Sérgio Maló ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Content ◽  
Nutrition Transition ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Urban District ◽  
Minimally Processed ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Street Food ◽  
Food Composition Tables

The aim was to characterise the extent of processing and nutritional composition of the street foods offered in Maputo, Mozambique. A cross-sectional study was conducted in October–November 2014 in the urban district of KaMpfumu. Twenty public transport stops were randomly selected, around which 500 meters buffers were drawn. All streets within these buffers were canvassed to identify all street food vending sites. Street food offer was assessed through interviews. Nutritional composition was estimated using standardised recipes (for homemade foods), food labels (for industrial products) and food composition tables (for in natura foods). The processing extent was classified using the “NOVA” food classification. A total of 810 vending sites were assessed. Unprocessed/minimally processed foods were available at 70.5% of vending sites (mainly fruit, water, and tea) and ultra-processed foods at 59.0% (mostly cakes, cookies, confectionery, and soft drinks). Energy content per 100 g of unprocessed or minimally processed foods was significantly lower than in all other food groups. In all food groups, contribution to total energy value was highest for carbohydrates (range: 33.1–51.2%), followed by fats (range: 29.3–36.0%) and protein (range: 6.8–18.6%). Public health policies targeting the improvement of this urban food environment should consider not only the nutritional composition but also the processing extent of the foods and beverages available.

scholarly journals In Ethiopia, India, and Peru, Household Expenditures on Fats Are More Strongly Associated with Children's Future Heights Than Expenditures on Other Food Groups (P10-006-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Debbie Humphries ◽  
Sarah Weingarten ◽  
Kirk Dearden ◽  
Benjamin Crookston ◽  
Mary Penny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Food Expenditures ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Future Child ◽  
Food Expenditure

Abstract Objectives We hypothesized that household food expenditures on 7 key dietary food groups—starches, fruits & vegetables, legumes, eggs, dairy, meat and fat—woul differentially affect future child height-for-age z scores (HAZ), after adjusting for household, parental and community characteristics. We investigated the associations of household food group expenditures at 5 years (y) and 8y with child HAZ at 8y and 12y, respectively. Methods We used data from 6993 children, born around 2001, from Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam, collected at ages 5, 8, and 12y from the Young Lives younger cohort. We compared associations between two weeks of household food expenditures (in Purchasing Power Parity adjusted dollars (PPP$) to allow meaningful cross-country comparisons) on food groups and child HAZ at subsequent rounds of collection to assess longitudinal relations. Total food expenditures, rural/urban residence, maternal and paternal education, and child sex were controlled for in our models. Results In Ethiopia, results pointed to total food expenditure as one of the critical and significant components associated with subsequent child HAZ; and among the food groups, expenditures on fats had the largest associations with future child HAZ. In India and Peru, expenditure on one specific food group—fats—seemed to be the most important significant predictor of future HAZ in children from among food expenditures. In Vietnam, starches were a significant negative predictor of future HAZ, which may relate to the significance of dietary diversity and prediction of future HAZ for this country's cohort. Conclusions Our results pinpoint specific facets of the diet that may have had the greatest impact on child growth for each country. They also point to the importance of examining country-level context, and caution about generalizing from one context to others. These results, moreover, highlight the usefulness of household food expenditure survey data in analyzing children's nutrition at the country level, and may help to influence child food and nutrition policies in these four unique countries. Funding Sources This study is based on research funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Eunice Shriver Kennedy National Institute of Child Health and Development and Grand Challenges Canada.

scholarly journals Ultra-processed foods and added sugars in the US diet: evidence from a nationally representative cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. e009892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eurídice Martínez Steele ◽  
Larissa Galastri Baraldi ◽  
Maria Laura da Costa Louzada ◽  
Jean-Claude Moubarac ◽  
Dariush Mozaffarian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
The Us ◽  
Nationally Representative

scholarly journals The food patterns of a multicenter cohort of Brazilian nulliparous pregnant women

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria J. Miele ◽  
Renato T. Souza ◽  
Iracema M. Calderon ◽  
Francisco E. Feitosa ◽  
Débora F. Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Good Representation ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Nutrient Consumption ◽  
Main Components

AbstractAssessment of human nutrition is a complex process, in pregnant women identify dietary patterns through mean nutrient consumption can be an opportunity to better educate women on how to improve their overall health through better eating. This exploratory study aimed to identify a posteriori dietary patterns in a cohort of nulliparous pregnant women. The principal component analysis (PCA) technique was performed, with Varimax orthogonal rotation of data extracted from the 24-h dietary recall, applied at 20 weeks of gestation. We analysed 1.145 dietary recalls, identifying five main components that explained 81% of the dietary pattern of the sample. Dietary patterns found were: Obesogenic, represented by ultra-processed foods, processed foods, and food groups rich in carbohydrates, fats and sugars; Traditional, most influenced by natural, minimally processed foods, groups of animal proteins and beans; Intermediate was similar to the obesogenic, although there were lower loads; Vegetarian, which was the only good representation of fruits, vegetables and dairy products; and Protein, which best represented the groups of proteins (animal and vegetable). The obesogenic and intermediate patterns represented over 37% of the variation in food consumption highlighting the opportunity to improve maternal health especially for women at first mothering.

Association between Food Intake and Overweight in Children Assisted by Primary Care

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 305-312
Author(s):  
Erivelton Sousa Lima ◽  
Amanda de Castro Amorim Serpa Brandão ◽  
Antonio Luiz Gomes Junior ◽  
Luana kelle Batista Moura ◽  
Gerardo Vasconcelos Mesquita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: The child feed in the first two years of life is of fundamental importance for a healthy growth and development. Aims: To verify the association between food consumption indicators and overweight in children under the age of two, followed up by primary care health professionals. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 232 children assisted by primary care. A structured questionnaire was used with questions on sociodemographic data of mothers or guardians and food intake and anthropometric data of children. The analysis of the association between excess weight and food intake indicators was performed using the Pearson’s chi-square test (χ2) and Fisher’s exact test (f ˂ 5). Results: Regarding food intake in children under 6 months of age, 35.1% of the children were exclusively breastfed. Among children at the age of 6 to 23 months: 66.3% were on continued breastfeeding; 16.7% consumed adequate foods at the age of 6 to 8 months; 90.4% consumed foods that belonged to the six food groups; 76.3% consumed food at the minimum frequency and with adequate consistency; 88.9% consumed iron-rich and vitamin A-rich foods, and 59.3% consumed ultra-processed foods. Regarding nutritional status, 24.5% of the children were overweight. Conclusion: There was no statistically significant association between overweight and food consumption indicators among the surveyed children. However, exclusive breastfeeding was below the recommended level, a low percentage of the introduction of complementary foods at the appropriate age and high consumption of ultra-processed foods reveal the need to improve the assistance provided by primary care to this group.

scholarly journals Trends in Food Preferences and Sustainable Behavior during the COVID-19 Lockdown: Evidence from Spanish Consumers

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1898
Author(s):  
Shanshan Li ◽  
Zein Kallas ◽  
Djamel Rahmani ◽  
José Maria Gil
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Purchasing Behavior ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Food Expenditure ◽  
Sustainable Behavior ◽  
Total Food Consumption

The COVID-19 pandemic poses a threat to global food security, and it changes consumers’ food buying and consumption behavior. This research not only investigates trends in Spanish consumers’ general food shopping and consumption habits during the lockdown, but also investigates these trends from the perspective of sustainable purchasing. Specifically, total food consumption (C), food expenditure (E), and purchase of food with sustainable attributes (S) were measured. Data were collected from a semi-structured questionnaire which was distributed online among 1203 participants. The logit models showed that gender, age, employment status, and consumers’ experiences were associated with total food consumption and expenditure during the lockdown. In addition, consumers’ risk perceptions, shopping places, trust level in information sources, and risk preference were highly essential factors influencing consumers’ preferences and sustainable behavior. Consumers’ objective knowledge regarding COVID-19 was related to expenditure. Furthermore, family structure only affected expenditure, while income and place of residence influenced food consumption. Mood was associated with expenditure and the purchase of sustainable food. Household size affected purchasing behavior towards food with sustainable attributes. This research provides references for stakeholders that help them to adapt to the new COVID-19 situation.

scholarly journals Dietary Patterns Trend in Mexican Adolescent Population from 2006 to 2018, by Area of Residence

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 566-566
Author(s):  
Teresa Shamah-Levy ◽  
Sonia Rodríguez-Ramírez ◽  
Elsa Gaona-Pineda ◽  
Edith Kim-Herrera ◽  
Andrys Valdez-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Adolescent Population

Abstract Objectives To analyze the dietary patterns trend in Mexican adolescent population from 2006 to 2018 by area of residence. Methods We analyzed information from four National Health and Nutrition Surveys in Mexico from 2006 to 2018. Dietary information was collected using a validated seven-day, semi-quantitative Food frequency questionnaire. We analyzed the consumption of different food groups: 1) Fruits and vegetables (g), 2) Red meat (consumption yes or not), 3) animal products (kcal), 4) sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) (kcal), and ultra-processed foods (kcal), according to NOVA classification. We estimated the Dietary Diversity Score (DDS), which was constructed based on 10 food groups consumed: 1) grains, roots, and tubers; 2) pulses; 3) nuts and seeds; 4) dairy; 5) meat, poultry and fish; 6) eggs; 7) dark green leafy vegetables; 8) other vitamin A-rich fruits and vegetables; 9) other vegetables; 10) other fruits. Food groups were assigned to 1 if any food item within the group was consumed, otherwise 0. We estimated the proportion of population with consumption of ≥ 400 g of fruits and vegetables/d, with ≥ 5 food groups (Minimum DDS) and percentage of consumers of red meat, and the contribution to the total energy of SSB, ultra-processed food and animal products (energy percentage). Demographic and socio-economic characteristics of sampled individuals such as sex, age, area and socio-economic status (SES) were obtained. The country was divided into urban and rural areas (≥2500 or < 2500 inhabitants, respectively). We used linear and logistic regression models to continuous and categorical variables, respectively. We analyzed difference by area. Results The percentage of population of Minimum DDS was lower in rural when compared with urban area by every year of survey (P < 0.05). The contribution of energy percentage from ultra-processed foods and animal products was lower in rural area than urban area (P < 0.05). The SSB contribution was similar in both areas. Conclusions Current findings show that the area of residence was associated with variations in the consumption of fruits, vegetables and red meat in Mexican adolescents. Consequently, interventions should focus on increasing healthy eating habits in this population, taking into account when designing preventive strategies the area of residence. Funding Sources Mexican Ministry of Health.

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