scholarly journals Consumption of ultra-processed food and obesity: cross sectional results from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) cohort (2008–2010)

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 2271-2279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Marcelina Silva ◽  
Luana Giatti ◽  
Roberta Carvalho de Figueiredo ◽  
Maria del Carmen Bisi Molina ◽  
Letícia de Oliveira Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Energy Contribution ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractObjectiveTo verify if the intake of ultra-processed foods is associated with higher BMI and waist circumference (WC) among participants of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) cohort.DesignCross-sectional analysis of the ELSA-Brasil baseline (2008–2010). Dietary information obtained through an FFQ was classified according to characteristics of food processing (NOVA) and used to estimate the percentage energy contribution from ultra-processed foods (i.e. industrial formulations, elaborated from food processing, synthetic constituents and food additives) to individuals’ total energy intake. BMI and WC and their respective cut-off points served as response variables. Associations were estimated through linear and multinomial logistic regression models, after adjusting for confounders and total energy intake.SettingSix Brazilian capital cities, 2008–2010.SubjectsActive and retired civil servants, aged 35–64 years, from universities and research organizations (n8977).ResultsUltra-processed foods accounted for 22·7 % of total energy intake. After adjustments, individuals in the fourth quartile of percentage energy contribution from ultra-processed foods presented (β; 95 % CI) a higher BMI (0·80; CI 0·53, 1·07 kg/m2) and WC (1·71; 1·02, 2·40 cm), and higher chances (OR; 95 % CI) of being overweight (1·31; 1·13, 1·51), obese (1·41; 1·18, 1·69) and having significantly increased WC (1·41; 1·20, 1·66), compared with those in the first quartile. All associations suggest a dose–response gradient.ConclusionsResults indicate the existence of associations between greater energy contribution from ultra-processed foods and higher BMI and WC, which are independent of total energy intake. These findings corroborate public policies designed to reduce the intake of this type of food.

scholarly journals Ultra-processed foods and added sugars in the Chilean diet (2010)

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Cediel ◽  
Marcela Reyes ◽  
Maria Laura da Costa Louzada ◽  
Euridice Martinez Steele ◽  
Carlos A Monteiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
Percentage Point Increase ◽  
Point Increase

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the consumption of ultra-processed foods and analyse its association with the content of added sugars in the Chilean diet.DesignCross-sectional study of national dietary data obtained through 24 h recalls and classified into food groups according to the extent and purpose of food processing (NOVA classification).SettingChile.SubjectsA probabilistic sample of 4920 individuals (aged 2 years or above) studied in 2010 by a national dietary survey (Encuesta Nacional de Consumo Alimentario).ResultsUltra-processed foods represented 28·6 (se 0·5) % of total energy intake and 58·6 (se 0·9) % of added sugars intake. The mean percentage of energy from added sugars increased from 7·7 (se 0·3) to 19·7 (se 0·5) % across quintiles of the dietary share of ultra-processed foods. After adjusting for several potential sociodemographic confounders, a 5 percentage point increase in the dietary share of ultra-processed foods determined a 1 percentage point increase in the dietary content of added sugars. Individuals in the highest quintile were three times more likely (OR=2·9; 95 % CI 2·4, 3·4) to exceed the 10 % upper limit for added sugars recommended by the WHO compared with those in the lowest quintile, after adjusting for sociodemographic variables. This association was strongest among individuals aged 2–19 years (OR=3·9; 95 % CI 2·7, 5·9).ConclusionsIn Chile, ultra-processed foods are important contributors to total energy intake and to the consumption of added sugars. Actions aimed at limiting consumption of ultra-processed foods are being implemented as effective ways to achieve WHO dietary recommendations to limit added sugars and processed foods, especially for children and adolescents.

scholarly journals Sources of excessive saturated fat, trans fat and sugar consumption in Brazil: an analysis of the first Brazilian nationwide individual dietary survey

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosangela A Pereira ◽  
Kiyah J Duffey ◽  
Rosely Sichieri ◽  
Barry M Popkin
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Added Sugars

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the patterns of consumption of foods high in solid fats and added sugars (SoFAS) in Brazil.DesignCross-sectional study; individual dietary intake survey. Food intake was assessed by means of two non-consecutive food records. Foods providing >9·1 % of energy from saturated fat, or >1·3 % of energy from trans fat, or >13 % of energy from added sugars per 100 g were classified as high in SoFAS.SettingBrazilian nationwide survey, 2008–2009.SubjectsIndividuals aged ≥10 years old.ResultsMean daily energy intake was 8037 kJ (1921 kcal), 52 % of energy came from SoFAS foods. Contribution of SoFAS foods to total energy intake was higher among women (52 %) and adolescents (54 %). Participants in rural areas (43 %) and in the lowest quartile of per capita family income (43 %) reported the smallest contribution of SoFAS foods to total energy intake. SoFAS foods were large contributors to total saturated fat (87 %), trans fat (89 %), added sugar (98 %) and total sugar (96 %) consumption. The SoFAS food groups that contributed most to total energy intake were meats and beverages. Top SoFAS foods contributing to saturated fat and trans fat intakes were meats and fats and oils. Most of the added and total sugar in the diet was supplied by SoFAS beverages and sweets and desserts.ConclusionsSoFAS foods play an important role in the Brazilian diet. The study identifies options for improving the Brazilian diet and reducing nutrition-related non-communicable chronic diseases, but also points out some limitations of the nutrient-based criteria.

scholarly journals Results from a dietary survey in an Indian T2DM population: a STARCH study

BMJ Open ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. e005138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shashank R Joshi ◽  
Anil Bhansali ◽  
Sarita Bajaj ◽  
Subodh S Banzal ◽  
Mala Dharmalingam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diet Plan ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
The Mean

ObjectiveTo assess the dietary total and complex carbohydrate (CHO) contents in type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) participants in India.SettingWe enrolled 796 participants in this cross-sectional, single-visit, multicentre, two-arm, single-country survey. Participants were enrolled from 10 specialty endocrinology/dialectology centres from five regions of India.ParticipantsA total of 796 participants (Asian) were enrolled in this study (385, T2DM and 409, non-T2DM). Key inclusion criteria—male or female ≥18 years, diagnosed with T2DM ≥12 months (T2DM), and not on any diet plan (non-T2DM).Study outcomePrimary outcome was to find out the percentage of total energy intake as simple and complex CHO from total CHO. Secondary outcomes were to find the differences in percentage of total energy intake as simple CHO, complex CHO, proteins and fats between T2DM and non-T2DM groups. The percentage of T2DM participants adhering to diet plan and showing glycaemic controls were also examined.ResultsThe mean (SD) of total calorie intake per day (Kcal) was 1547 (610, 95% CI 1486 to 1608) and 2132 (1892, 95% CI 1948 to 2316), respectively, for T2DM and non-T2DM groups. In the T2DM group (n=385), the mean (SD) percentage of total energy intake as total CHO, complex CHO and simple CHO was 64.1±8.3 (95% CI 63.3 to 64.9), 57.0±11.0 (95% CI 55.9 to 58.1) and 7.1±10.8 (95% CI 6.0 to 8.2), respectively. The mean (SD) percentage of complex CHO intake from total CHO was 89.5±15.3 (95% CI 88.0 to 91.1). The mean (SD) total protein/fat intake per day (g) was 57.1 (74.0)/37.2 (18.6) and 57.9 (27.2)/55.3 (98.2) in T2DM and non-T2DM groups, respectively.ConclusionsOur study shows that CHO constitutes 64.1% of total energy from diet in T2DM participants, higher than that recommended in India. However, our findings need to be confirmed in a larger epidemiological survey.Trial registration numberNCT01450592 & Clinical Trial Registry of India: CTRI/2012/02/002398.

scholarly journals Impact of Fortified Ultra-Processed Foods on Risk of Anemia: A New Perspective for Pediatric Nutrition

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 841-841
Author(s):  
Daniel Hoffman ◽  
Paula dos Leffa ◽  
Caroline Sangalli ◽  
Julia Valmórbida ◽  
André Dornelles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Poor Diet ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives Poor diet quality is a major risk factor for the development of anemia. An increased consumption of fortified ultra-processed food (UPF) among children presents a new contributor to micronutrient intake, one that could potentially improve anemia biomarkers despite having a concomitantly low diet quality. Our objective was to investigate the impact of fortified UPF consumption on the prevalence of anemia and diet quality among children from low-income families in Brazil. Methods A cross-sectional analyses from a randomized field trial of children at 3 years of age (n = 432) from Porto Alegre, Brazil. Capillary blood samples were taken to measure hemoglobin concentration (Hb) and used to determine anemia status. Dietary data was assessed using two multiple-pass 24-h recalls and the consumption of UPF was classified according to the NOVA system. Results UPF account for 42.6% of total energy intake. Children in the highest tertile of UPF consumption had significantly lower risk of anemia (Hb < 110 g/L) compared to those in the lowest tertile (tertile 3 vs. tertile 1; OR 0.56 95% CI 0.39 to 0.82). Similarly, a 10% increase in the consumption of UPF was associated with a 22% lower risk of anemia (95% CI 0.64 to 0.94). Conversely, consumption of UPF was negatively associated with consumption of unprocessed/minimally processed foods. Finally, as the contribution of UPF to total energy intake increased, the intake of added sugars, total fats, and sodium increased, whereas the intake of proteins, fiber, and calcium decreased. Conclusions The consumption of fortified UPF was associated with a lower risk of anemia and a poor diet quality in children from a low-income community in Brazil. The co-existence of normal Hb with poor diet quality suggests the need for a more nuanced assessment of dietary patterns in low-income settings to best address this paradoxical situation as the prevalence of the double burden of disease continues to increase throughout the world. Funding Sources Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES).

scholarly journals CONSUMPTION OF MINIMALLY PROCESSED AND ULTRA-PROCESSED FOODS AMONG STUDENTS FROM PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SCHOOLS

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Silva Ferreira ◽  
Dyene Aparecida Silva ◽  
Cristiana Araújo Gontijo ◽  
Ana Elisa Madalena Rinaldi
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
Private School ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
School Students ◽  
Minimally Processed ◽  
Public And Private

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare and analyze the consumption of minimally processed and ultra-processed foods among students from public and private schools. Methods: Study conducted in Uberlândia, MG, with fifth-grade students from three private and six public schools, selected by stratified cluster sampling. We collected data on food consumption using the 24-hour recall. Foods were classified into four groups (G) according to extent and purpose of processing: fresh/minimally processed foods (G1) culinary ingredients (G2), processed foods (G3), and ultra-processed foods (G4). Total energy intake (kcal) of each group, amount of sugar (g), sodium (mg), and fiber (g) were quantified and compared according to administrative affiliation (private or public). Results: Percentage of total energy intake was: G1 - 52%; G2 - 12%; G3 - 5%; e G4 - 31%. Energy intake from G1 (53 vs. 47%), G2 (12 vs. 9%), and G3 (6.0 vs. 0.1%), and amount of sodium (3,293 vs. 2,724 mg) and fiber (23 vs. 18 g) were higher among students from public schools. Energy intake from G4 (36 vs. 28%) and amount of sugar (20 vs. 14%) were higher among students from private schools. The consumption of foods from G1 in the school environment was higher among students from public schools (40 vs. 9%). Conclusions: Foods from G1 represent the highest percentage of total energy intake, while those from G4 constitute a third of calories consumed. Processed juice, sandwich cookie, processed cake, and breakfast cereals are more frequent among private school students; snacks and juice powder are more common for students from public schools.

scholarly journals Association Between Motor Skills, Diet, and Lifestyle: a Cross-Sectional Study of First-Grade Schoolchildren in Japan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoko Hatta ◽  
Yuki Tada ◽  
Tadasu Furushou ◽  
Misao Kato ◽  
Rieko Kanehara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: Childhood motor skills are important not only for the physical and mental health of children, but also for the prevention of future lifestyle diseases. This study aimed to investigate how motor skills among first-grade children in Japan are associated with dietary and lifestyle habits, after adjustment for various confounding factors.Methods: First-grade children (aged 6-7 years) attending three public elementary schools in Tokyo, Japan (n=884), participated in this cross-sectional study. Homeroom teachers distributed self-administered questionnaires to parents and children. Questionnaires focused on lifestyle habits and required completion of a 1-day dietary record. Motor skills were measured by the New Physical Fitness Test (NPFT). Physique was calculated using Rohrer’s index formula: weight (kg) / height (cm) 3 × 107. Multiple regression analysis was used to investigate the association between NPFT score and determinant factors. We also examined the association between NPFT score and the amount of energy derived from a healthy diet versus snacks.Results: NPFT scores were significantly and positively correlated with involvement in exercise lessons (boys, β = 0.131, P = 0.006; girls, β = 0.121P = 0.012), total energy intake (boys, β = 0.096, P = 0.041; girls, β = 0.145, P = 0.003), and outside playtime in boys (β = 0.135), and negatively correlated with Rohrer’s index in girls (β = -0.097, P = 0.047). Moreover, the amount of energy derived from a healthy diet showed positive correlations with NPFT score (boys, β = 0.120, P = 0.011; girls, β = 0.137, P = 0.005).Conclusions: Children’s motor skills were associated with the Rohrer’s index, involvement in sports lessons, outside playtime, and total energy intake, particularly that derived from a healthy diet. These results suggest that a well-balanced diet including grains, vegetables, fish and meat, fruits, and milk, is important for improving children’s motor skills.

scholarly journals Legume consumption in Sweden: a descriptive cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steib Céline ◽  
Ingegerd Johansson ◽  
Mohammed Hefni ◽  
Cornelia Witthöft
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Swedish Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Erythrocyte Folate

AbstractDespite the growing evidence supporting legume consumption as part of healthy and sustainable diet, little information is known on legume intake in the Swedish population. The aim of the present study was to describe legume consumers in Sweden, their nutrient intake and study the association with biomarkers of nutritional status using food consumption and biomonitoring data from Swedish adults in the 2010–11 National Riksmaten survey. Total legume intake - including pulses, fresh legumes, soy products, peanuts, sprouts and mixed meals with legumes - was estimated using a web-based 4-d food records in adults 18–80 years (n = 1772). A range of biomarkers including non-fasted plasma ferritin and folate, as well as erythrocyte folate, were measured for a subsample of the population (n = 282). Legumes were consumed by 44% of the population, median intake was 36 g/d (Q1 = 16; Q3 = 71; n = 777). Legumes provided on average 3.3% of individual's total energy intake (%E) with no significant difference between sexes. Pulses were consumed by 33% of consumers contributing to 3.2 ± 2.8 %E intake whereas soy products were consumed by 8.6% of legume consumers but contributing to 6 ± 7.5 %E. Legume intake among self-reported vegetarians (n = 55) was significantly higher (p < 0.000) than for non-vegetarians, with mean daily intakes of 92 ± 99 g/d and 21 ± 42 g/d, respectively. Age (p 0.0066) was significantly higher in Q4 of legume intake and alcohol consumption was significantly lower (p 0.0008); BMI, gender, smoking habits, education and total energy intake did not differ. 23% of legume consumers have a fiber intake of 25–35 g/d whereas only 11% of non-consumers reach recommended intake (p 0.0001). Iron, folate and dietary fiber intakes were significantly higher (p < 0.000) in Q4 of legume intake. 32% of legume consumers meet recommended intakes of folate (RI 300 μg/d) versus 18% for non-consumers (p 0.000). Notably, 5.76% of women of reproductive age (18–44 y.o.) eating legumes reach 400 μg/d versus 0.79% for non-consumers (p 0.002). Plasma ferritin and erythrocyte folate levels did not differ between legume consumers and non-consumers. However, for women in reproductive age (n = 31), plasma folate levels were significantly higher in consumers than non-consumers (p 0.0102). Legume consumers have higher fiber intake and more frequently meet recommended folate intakes while maintaining adequate iron intake. In conclusion, legume consumers in Sweden are characterized by a defined diet pattern that generally is associated with better health.

Gender aspects of the relationship between migraine and cardiovascular risk factors: A cross-sectional evaluation in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil)

Cephalalgia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1103-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra C Goulart ◽  
Itamar S Santos ◽  
Paulo A Lotufo ◽  
Isabela M Benseñor
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Background The relationship between cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) and migraine is controversial and might be different in both genders. These associations were evaluated in Brazilian middle-aged men and women from the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Methods The cross-sectional relationship between our main outcome, which was migraine headache (definite, probable and overall), and CVRF was evaluated in the total sample and according to gender. We calculated frequencies and odds ratios (95% CI) for this relationship using binary and multinomial logistic regression analyses in crude, age-adjusted and multivariable models adjusted by potential confounders. Results Of 14,953 individuals who completed the data about headache and CVRF, the frequency of one-year migraine was of 29.5% (22.5% in women and 7.0% in men). In the multivariable-adjusted regression analyses, an inverse association between hypertension (OR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36–0.79), metabolic syndrome (OR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.43–0.99) and definite migraine were confirmed for men, but not for women. In the opposite direction, a positive association between migraine headaches (definite, probable and overall) and dyslipidemia (overall migraine OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.13–1.38) was observed only for women, but not for men. Conclusions A gender influence on the relationship between migraine and CVRF was verified in the ELSA-Brasil.

scholarly journals Energy and protein intake in the Colombian population: results of the 2015 ENSIN population survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar F. Herrán ◽  
Edna M. Gamboa-Delgado ◽  
María Del Pilar Zea
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Total Protein Intake

Abstract The present study was aimed at (1) the differences between current weight v. ideal weight, (2) total energy intake and comparing it with required energy (Rkeer), (3) absolute protein intake in g/kg per d and g/1000 calories, (4) how energy and protein intake relate to the nutritional status of the subjects in terms of overall overweight (OEW) [overweight + obesity] and conservative overweight (CEW) [obesity] and (5) the contribution (%) of protein to total energy intake based on the acceptable macronutrient distribution range (AMDR). A dietary study was carried out in Colombia with 29 259 subjects between 1 and 64 years of age, based on cross-sectional data collected in 2015 by a 24-h dietary recall (24HR) administered as part of the National Nutrition Survey. Energy and protein intake did not differ by nutritional status. In the general population, energy intake was 2117 kcal/d (95 % CI 1969, 2264). The total protein intake was 64⋅3 g/d (95 % CI 61⋅4, 67⋅3). Adequate energy intake ranged from 90 to 100 %, except for the 1–4-year-old group, which ranged from 144 to 155 %. Protein intake was 1⋅64 g/kg per d (95 % CI 1⋅53, 1⋅75). The mean AMDR for protein to total energy intake was 13⋅3 % (95 % CI 12⋅9, 13⋅7). Excess weight began during the first 4 years of age. In conclusion, it is worth reviewing and updating energy and protein intake recommendations and dietary guidelines for the Colombian population and designing and modifying public policy.

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