scholarly journals Validating fatty acid intake as estimated by an FFQ: how does the 24 h recall perform as reference method compared with the duplicate portion?

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 2568-2574
Author(s):  
Laura Trijsburg ◽  
Jeanne HM de Vries ◽  
Peter CH Hollman ◽  
Paul JM Hulshof ◽  
Pieter van ’t Veer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Measurement Error ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Duplicate Portion ◽  
Estimate Validity

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the performance of the commonly used 24 h recall (24hR) with the more distinct duplicate portion (DP) as reference method for validation of fatty acid intake estimated with an FFQ.DesignIntakes of SFA, MUFA, n-3 fatty acids and linoleic acid (LA) were estimated by chemical analysis of two DP and by on average five 24hR and two FFQ. Plasma n-3 fatty acids and LA were used to objectively compare ranking of individuals based on DP and 24hR. Multivariate measurement error models were used to estimate validity coefficients and attenuation factors for the FFQ with the DP and 24hR as reference methods.SettingWageningen, the Netherlands.SubjectsNinety-two men and 106 women (aged 20–70 years).ResultsValidity coefficients for the fatty acid estimates by the FFQ tended to be lower when using the DP as reference method compared with the 24hR. Attenuation factors for the FFQ tended to be slightly higher based on the DP than those based on the 24hR as reference method. Furthermore, when using plasma fatty acids as reference, the DP showed comparable to slightly better ranking of participants according to their intake of n-3 fatty acids (0·33) and n-3:LA (0·34) than the 24hR (0·22 and 0·24, respectively).ConclusionsThe 24hR gives only slightly different results compared with the distinctive but less feasible DP, therefore use of the 24hR seems appropriate as the reference method for FFQ validation of fatty acid intake.

scholarly journals Modeled replacement of traditional soybean and canola oil with high-oleic varieties increases monounsaturated fatty acid and reduces both saturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid intake in the US adult population

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 594-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan K Raatz ◽  
Zach Conrad ◽  
Lisa Jahns ◽  
Martha A Belury ◽  
Matthew J Picklo
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Canola Oil ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
High Oleic ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
The Us ◽  
Age And Sex

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND High-oleic (HO) seed oils are being introduced as replacements for trans fatty acid (TFA)–containing fats and oils. Negative health effects associated with TFAs led to their removal from the US Generally Recognized As Safe list. HO oils formulated for use in food production may result in changes in fatty acid intake at population levels. Objectives The purposes of this study were to 1) identify major food sources of soybean oil (SO) and canola oil (CO), 2) estimate effects of replacing SO and CO with HO varieties on fatty acid intake overall and by age and sex strata, and 3) compare predicted intakes with the Dietary Reference Intakes and Adequate Intakes (AIs) for the essential fatty acids (EFAs) α-linolenic acid (ALA) and linoleic acid (LA). Design Food and nutrient intakes from NHANES waves 2007–2008, 2009–2010, 2011–2012, and 2013–2014 in 21,029 individuals aged ≥20 y were used to model dietary changes. We estimated the intake of fatty acid with the replacement of HO-SO and HO-CO for commodity SO and CO at 10%, 25%, and 50% and evaluated the potential for meeting the AI at these levels. RESULTS Each modeling scenario decreased saturated fatty acids (SFAs), although intakes remained greater than recommended for all age and sex groups. Models of all levels increased the intake of total monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), especially oleic acid, and decreased the intake of total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly LA and ALA. Replacement of traditional with HO oils at 25–50% places specific adult age and sex groups at risk of not meeting the AI for LA and ALA. Conclusions The replacement of traditional oils with HO varieties will increase MUFA intake and reduce both SFA and PUFA intakes, including EFAs, and may place specific age and sex groups at risk of inadequate LA and ALA intake.

scholarly journals Fatty acid intake and metabolic syndrome among overweight and obese women

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 930-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Maximino ◽  
Paula Martins Horta ◽  
Luana Caroline dos Santos ◽  
Cecília Lacroix de Oliveira ◽  
Mauro Fisberg
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Food Diary ◽  
Overweight Women ◽  
Acid Intake

ABSTRACT: Objective: To examine relations between fatty acids intake and metabolic syndrome (MetS) status among overweight and obese women (n = 223). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. The physical and laboratory tests included anthropometry, body composition evaluation and measurements of blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, insulinemia and lipid profiles. A three-day food diary was used to evaluate fatty acids consumption. Statistical analysis included χ2 test and odds ratio measurements. Results: The women had 35.2 (6.9) years old and 15.2% presented MetS. Women with MetS presented higher serum levels of very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose and insulin in addition to higher diastolic blood pressure in comparison to women without MetS. Overweight women with MetS consumed higher amounts of monounsaturated fatty acids - 24.3 g (24.7 - 36.4) versus overweight women without MetS - 23.9 g (23.8 - 26.8), polyunsaturated fatty acids - 16.7 g (14.6 - 21.1) versus overweight women without MetS - 13.6 g (13.8 - 15.8) and linoleic fatty acids - 15.9 g (6.5) versus overweight women without MetS - 13.1 g (5.1). Among obese women with MetS, higher intake of linoleic fatty acids was also noted - 17.6 g (6.1) versus obese women without MetS - 14.3 g (6.6) in addition to higher consumption of trans fatty acids - 4.7 g (4.8 - 6.3) versus obese women without MetS - 3.9 g (2.9 - 4.6). Increased quartiles of monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, linoleic and trans fatty acid intake were significantly associated with a greater occurrence of MetS. Conclusion: Lipid intake may be related to MetS, although other factors also need to be considered, such as lifestyle, genetics and metabolism.

scholarly journals Relationship between Dietary n-6 Fatty Acid Intake and Hypertension: Effect of Glycated Hemoglobin Levels

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruki Nakamura ◽  
Akinori Hara ◽  
Hiromasa Tsujiguchi ◽  
Thao Thi Thu Nguyen ◽  
Yasuhiro Kambayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Acid Intake

The relationship between dietary n-6 fatty acids and hypertension is not clear. The metabolic products of n-6 fatty acids include those that control blood pressure, such as prostaglandin and thromboxane, and that differ depending on the extent of glucose tolerance. This cross-sectional study investigated the association of dietary n-6 fatty acid intake on hypertension, and the effects of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) value in 633 Japanese subjects aged 40 years and older. Dietary intake was measured using a validated brief self-administered diet history questionnaire. We defined hypertension as the use of antihypertensive medication or a blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg. The prevalence of hypertension was 55.3%. A high n-6 fatty acids intake inversely correlated with hypertension in subjects with HbA1c values less than 6.5% (odds ratio, 0.857; 95% confidence interval, 0.744 to 0.987). On the contrary, in subjects with an HbA1c value of 6.5% or higher, the n-6 fatty acids intake was significantly associated with hypertension (odds ratio, 3.618; 95% confidence interval, 1.019 to 12.84). Regular dietary n-6 fatty acid intake may contribute to the prevention and treatment of hypertension in a healthy general population. By contrast, in subjects with diabetes, regular n-6 fatty acids intake may increase the risk of hypertension.

Maternal polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk for autism spectrum disorder in the MARBLES high-risk study

Autism ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 1191-1200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunru Huang ◽  
Ana-Maria Iosif ◽  
Robin L Hansen ◽  
Rebecca J Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Acid Intake

Prior research studies suggest that maternal polyunsaturated fatty acids could have protective effects on neurodevelopmental outcomes. The objective of this study was to examine associations between maternal polyunsaturated fatty acid intake during pregnancy and risk for autism spectrum disorder and other non-typical development in a prospective cohort. Eligible women already had a child with autism spectrum disorder and were planning a pregnancy or were pregnant with another child. Children were clinically assessed longitudinally and diagnosed at 36 months. Maternal polyunsaturated fatty acid intake during pregnancy was estimated using food frequency questionnaires. Maternal third-trimester plasma polyunsaturated fatty acid concentration was measured by gas chromatography. In all, 258 mother–child pairs were included. Mothers consuming more total omega-3 in the second half of pregnancy were 40% less likely to have children with autism spectrum disorder (relative risk = 0.6, 95% confidence interval: 0.3–0.98). No significant associations were observed between maternal third-trimester plasma polyunsaturated fatty acid subtype concentrations and risk of autism spectrum disorder. However, higher plasma eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid concentrations were associated with lower non-typical development risk (relative risk ranging from 0.47 to 0.88). This study provides suggestive evidence of associations between risk of autism spectrum disorder in the children and maternal omega-3 intake in late pregnancy but not with third-trimester plasma polyunsaturated fatty acids. Further research is needed to evaluate these potential relationships. Lay abstract Prior studies suggest that maternal polyunsaturated fatty acids intake during pregnancy may have protective effects on autism spectrum disorder in their children. However, they did not examine detailed timing of maternal polyunsaturated fatty acid intake during pregnancy, nor did they evaluate plasma concentrations. This study investigates whether maternal polyunsaturated fatty acids in defined time windows of pregnancy, assessed by both questionnaires and biomarkers, are associated with risk of autism spectrum disorder and other non-typical development in the children. Food frequency questionnaires were used to estimate maternal polyunsaturated fatty acid intake during the first and second half of pregnancy. Gas chromatography measured maternal plasma polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations in the third trimester. In all, 258 mother–child pairs from a prospective cohort were included. All mothers already had a child with autism spectrum disorder and were planning a pregnancy or pregnant with another child. Children were clinically assessed longitudinally and diagnosed at 36 months. For polyunsaturated fatty acid intake from questionnaires, we only found mothers consuming more omega-3 in the second half of pregnancy were 40% less likely to have children with autism spectrum disorder. For polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations in the third-trimester plasma, we did not observe any statistical significance in relation to the risk of autism spectrum disorder. However, our study confirmed associations from previous studies between higher maternal docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid plasma concentrations in the late pregnancy and reduced risk for non-typical development. This study markedly advanced understandings of whether and when maternal polyunsaturated fatty acid intake influences risk for autism spectrum disorder and sets the stage for prevention at the behavioral and educational level.

scholarly journals Trans Fatty Acid Intake Induces Intestinal Inflammation and Impaired Glucose Tolerance

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuro Okamura ◽  
Yoshitaka Hashimoto ◽  
Saori Majima ◽  
Takafumi Senmaru ◽  
Emi Ushigome ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Trans Fatty Acid ◽  
Trans Fatty Acids ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Trans Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
High Sucrose Diet ◽  
High Sucrose

Background and AimsMany nutritional and epidemiological studies have shown that high consumption of trans fatty acids can cause several adverse effects on human health, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. In the present study, we investigated the effect of trans fatty acids on innate immunity in the gut by observing mice fed with a diet high in trans fatty acids, which have been reported to cause dysbiosis.MethodsWe used C57BL6/J mice and fed them with normal diet (ND) or high-fat, high-sucrose diet (HFHSD) or high-trans fatty acid, high-sucrose diet (HTHSD) for 12 weeks. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed on the mice stool samples, in addition to flow cytometry, real-time PCR, and lipidomics analysis of the mice serum and liver samples. RAW264.7 cells were used for the in vitro studies.ResultsMice fed with HTHSD displayed significantly higher blood glucose levels and advanced fatty liver and intestinal inflammation, as compared to mice fed with HFHSD. Furthermore, compared to mice fed with HFHSD, mice fed with HTHSD displayed a significant elevation in the expression of CD36 in the small intestine, along with a reduction in the expression of IL-22. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in the populations of ILC1s and T-bet-positive ILC3s in the lamina propria in mice fed with HTHSD. Finally, the relative abundance of the family Desulfovibrionaceae, which belongs to the phylum Proteobacteria, was significantly higher in mice fed with HFHSD or HTHSD, than in mice fed with ND; between the HFHSD and HTHSD groups, the abundance was slightly higher in the HTHSD group.ConclusionsThis study revealed that compared to saturated fatty acid intake, trans fatty acid intake significantly exacerbated metabolic diseases such as diabetes and fatty liver.

scholarly journals Consumption of Fish and ω-3 Fatty Acids and Cancer Risk: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1134-1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keum Hwa Lee ◽  
Hyo Jin Seong ◽  
Gaeun Kim ◽  
Gwang Hun Jeong ◽  
Jong Yeob Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Umbrella Review ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Weak Evidence ◽  
Meta Analyses

ABSTRACT Multiple studies have suggested that ω-3 fatty acid intake may have a protective effect on cancer risk; however, its true association with cancer risk remains controversial. We performed an umbrella review of meta-analyses to summarize and evaluate the evidence for the association between ω-3 fatty acid intake and cancer outcomes. We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from inception to December 1, 2018. We included meta-analyses of observational studies that examined associations between intake of fish or ω-3 fatty acid and cancer risk (gastrointestinal, liver, breast, gynecologic, prostate, brain, lung, and skin) and determined the level of evidence of associations. In addition, we appraised the quality of the evidence of significant meta-analyses by using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system. We initially screened 598 articles, and 15 articles, including 57 meta-analyses, were eligible. Among 57 meta-analyses, 15 reported statistically significant results. We found that 12 meta-analyses showed weak evidence of an association between ω-3 fatty acid intake and risk of the following types of cancer: liver cancer (n = 4 of 6), breast cancer (n = 3 of 14), prostate cancer (n = 3 of 11), and brain tumor (n = 2 of 2). In the other 3 meta-analyses, studies of endometrial cancer and skin cancer, there were no assessable data for determining the evidence levels. No meta-analysis showed convincing, highly suggestive, or suggestive evidence of an association. In the sensitivity analysis of meta-analyses by study design, we found weak associations between ω-3 fatty acid intake and breast cancer risk in cohort studies, but no statistically significant association in case-control studies. However, the opposite results were found in case of brain tumor risk. Although ω-3 fatty acids have been studied in several meta-analyses with regard to a wide range of cancer outcomes, only weak associations were identified in some cancer types, with several limitations. Considering the nonsignificant or weak evidence level, clinicians and researchers should cautiously interpret reported associations between ω-3 fatty acid consumption and cancer risks.

scholarly journals Assessment of individual fatty acid intake

2000 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie M. Cantwell
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Individual Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Tissue Concentrations ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Habitual Intake

Dietary assessment of individual fatty acid intake is difficult due to a number of limitations. Information regarding the type, quantity and brand-name of fat used in cooking and at the table is required. In addition, margarine manufacturers may change the component oils used for reasons of cost, which changes the fatty acid composition of their products from season-to-season. Independent markers of fatty acid intake are required, therefore, to compensate for these limitations. Adipose tissue concentrations have been used as a measure of habitual intake of fatty acid groups and individual fatty acids in numerous studies. Saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) are generally poorly correlated with adipose tissue concentrations, which can be explained partly by endogenous synthesis. In general, adipose tissue concentrations of exogenously-produced fatty acids (n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)) are well correlated with estimates of habitual intake. Correlations between dietary trans unsaturated fatty acids (TUFA) and adipose tissue concentrations vary between countries, which may be due to differences in dietary sources. Correlations may be affected by differences in bioavailability or selective retention of fatty acids in certain tissue lipids.

scholarly journals Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation, Pro-Resolving Mediators, and Clinical Outcomes in Maternal-Infant Pairs

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara M. Nordgren ◽  
Ann Anderson Berry ◽  
Matthew Van Ormer ◽  
Samuel Zoucha ◽  
Elizabeth Elliott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Maternal Plasma ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Resolvin D1 ◽  
Fetal Health ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Cord Plasma ◽  
Risk Pregnancy

Omega (n)-3 fatty acids are vital to neonatal maturation, and recent investigations reveal n-3 fatty acids serve as substrates for the biosynthesis of specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPM) that have anti-inflammatory and immune-stimulating effects. The role SPM play in the protection against negative maternal-fetal health outcomes is unclear, and there are no current biomarkers of n-3 fatty acid sufficiency. We sought to ascertain the relationships between n-3 fatty acid intake, SPM levels, and maternal-fetal health outcomes. We obtained n-3 fatty acid intake information from 136 mothers admitted for delivery using a food frequency questionnaire and measured docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-derived SPMs resolvin D1 (RvD1) and RvD2 in maternal and cord plasma. We found significantly elevated SPM in maternal versus cord plasma, and increased SPM levels were associated with at-risk outcomes. We also identified that increased DHA intake was associated with elevated maternal plasma RvD1 (p = 0.03; R2 = 0.18) and RvD2 (p = 0.04; R2 = 0.20) in the setting of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission. These findings indicate that increased n-3 fatty acid intake may provide increased substrate for the production of SPM during high-risk pregnancy/delivery conditions, and that increased maternal plasma SPM could serve as a biomarker for negative neonatal outcomes.

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