The Tensile Behavior of High-Strength Carbon Fibers

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 841-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tye Langston
Keyword(s):  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Weak Link ◽  
Fiber Strength ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Carbon Filament ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Macro Scale

AbstractCarbon fibers exhibit exceptional properties such as high stiffness and specific strength, making them excellent reinforcements for composite materials. However, it is difficult to directly measure their tensile properties and estimates are often obtained by tensioning fiber bundles or composites. While these macro scale tests are informative for composite design, their results differ from that of direct testing of individual fibers. Furthermore, carbon filament strength also depends on other variables, including the test length, actual fiber diameter, and material flaw distribution. Single fiber tensile testing was performed on high-strength carbon fibers to determine the load and strain at failure. Scanning electron microscopy was also conducted to evaluate the fiber surface morphology and precisely measure each fiber’s diameter. Fiber strength was found to depend on the test gage length and in an effort to better understand the overall expected performance of these fibers at various lengths, statistical weak link scaling was performed. In addition, the true Young’s modulus was also determined by taking the system compliance into account. It was found that all properties (tensile strength, strain to failure, and Young’s modulus) matched very well with the manufacturers’ reported values at 20 mm gage lengths, but deviated significantly at other lengths.

scholarly journals Novel Ultralight-Weight Complex Concentrated Alloys with High Strength

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuefei Jia ◽  
Yandong Jia ◽  
Shiwei Wu ◽  
Xindi Ma ◽  
Gang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Light Alloys ◽  
Good Ductility ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
High Specific Strength ◽  
Low Modulus

To explore a novel high strength and low modulus ultralight-weight complex concentrated alloys (ULW-CCAs), a series of light alloys are designed and explored based on some low-density and low modulus elements, such as Al, Li, Mg, Ca, Si, and Y. An Al19.9Li30Mg35Si10Ca5Y0.1 (at %) CCA with a high specific strength of 327 KPa·m−3 is successfully developed. After adjusting the composition, the Al15Li35Mg48Ca1Si1 CCA with the good compressive plasticity is successfully developed. The Al15Li38Mg45Ca0.5Si1.5 and Al15Li39Mg45Ca0.5Si0.5 CCAs exhibit good plasticity of >45%, and >60%, respectively. These ULW-CCAs show the high specific strength, good ductility, and low Young’s modulus, as compared with the previously reported CCAs.

Achieving high strength and low Young’s modulus in martensitic Ti-Nb-O alloys

2021 ◽  
pp. 130308
Author(s):  
E.S.N. Lopes ◽  
L.U. dos Santos ◽  
R. Caram ◽  
K.N. Campo
Keyword(s):  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
High Strength

scholarly journals Modified rule of mixtures and Halpin–Tsai model for prediction of tensile strength of micron-sized reinforced composites and Young’s modulus of multiscale reinforced composites for direct extrusion fabrication

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 168781401878528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zirong Luo ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Jianzhong Shang ◽  
Hong Zhu ◽  
Delei Fang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Rule Of Mixtures ◽  
Combined Use

A modified rule of mixtures is required to account for the experimentally observed nonlinear variation of tensile strength. A modified Halpin–Tsai model was presented to predict the Young’s modulus of multiscale reinforced composites with both micron-sized and nano-sized reinforcements. In the composites, both micron-sized fillers—carbon fibers—and nano-sized fillers—rubber nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes—are added into the epoxy resin matrix. Carbon fibers can help epoxy resins increase both the tensile strength and Young’s modulus, while rubber nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes can improve the toughness without sacrificing other properties. Mechanical experiments and scanning electron microscopy observations were used to study the effects of the micron-sized and nano-sized reinforcements and their combination on tensile and toughness properties of the composites. The results showed that the combined use of multiscale reinforcements had synergetic effects on both the strength and the toughness of the composites.

SUB-MICROSCALE SPECKLE PATTERN CREATION ON SINGLE CARBON FIBERS FOR IN-SITU DIC EXPERIMENTS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
KARAN SHAH ◽  
GENE YANG ◽  
MOHAMMAD EL LOUBANI ◽  
SUBRAMANI SOCKALINGAM ◽  
DONGKYU LEE
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Fiber Strength ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Speckle Pattern ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Sputter Deposition ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Longitudinal Tensile Strength ◽  
Fiber Breaks

High performance carbon and glass fibers are widely used as reinforcements in composite material systems for aerospace, automotive, and defense applications. Modifications to fiber surface treatment (sizing) is one of the ways to improve the strength of fibers and hence the overall longitudinal tensile strength of the composite. Single fiber tensile tests at the millimeter scale are typically used to characterize the effect of sizing on fiber strength. However, the characteristic length-scale governing the composite failure due to a cluster of fiber breaks is in the micro-scales. To access such micro-scale gage-lengths, we aim to employ indenters of varying radii to transversely load fibers and use scanning electron microscope (SEM) with digital image correlation (DIC) to measure strains at these lengthscales. The use of DIC technique requires creation of a uniform, random, and high contrast speckle pattern on the fiber surface such as that shown in Figure 1. In this work, we investigate the formation of sub-microscale speckle pattern on carbon fiber surface via sputter deposition and pulsed laser deposition techniques (PLD) using Gold-Palladium (Au-Pd) and Niobium-doped SrTiO3 (Nb:STO) targets respectively. Different processing conditions are investigated for both sputter deposition: sputtering current and coating duration, and PLD: number of pulses respectively to create sub-micron scale patterns viable for micro-DIC on both sized and unsized carbon fibers. By varying the deposition conditions and SEM-imaging the deposited patterns on fibers, successful pattern formation at sub-micron scale is demonstrated for both as-received sized and unsized IM7 carbon fibers of average diameter 5.2 μm via sputter deposition and PLD respectively.

High‐entropy eutectic composites with high strength and low Young's modulus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tapabrata Maity ◽  
Konda Gokuldoss Prashanth ◽  
Özge Balcı ◽  
Grzegorz Cieślak ◽  
Maciej Spychalski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
High Strength ◽  
High Entropy

scholarly journals Kinetics of Capability Aging in Ti-13Nb-13Zr Alloy

Crystals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myoungjae Lee ◽  
In-Su Kim ◽  
Young Hoon Moon ◽  
Hyun Sik Yoon ◽  
Chan Hee Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Biomedical Implant ◽  
13Zr Alloy ◽  
American Society ◽  
Kinetics Of

Metals for biomedical implant applications require a simultaneous achievement of high strength and low Young’s modulus from the viewpoints of mechanical properties. The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards suggest two types of processing methods to confer such a mechanical performance to Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy: solution treatment (ST) and capability aging (CA). This study elucidated the kinetics of CA process in Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy. Microstructural evolution and mechanical change were investigated depending on the CA duration from 10 min to 6 h. The initial ST alloy possessed the full α′-martensitic structure, leading to a low strength, low Young’s modulus, and high ductility. Increasing CA duration increased mechanical strength and Young’s modulus in exchange for the reduction of ductility. Such a tendency is attributed to the decomposition of α′ martensite into (α+β) structure, particularly hard α precipitates. Mechanical compatibility (i.e., Young’s modulus compensated with a mechanical strength) of Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy rarely increased by changing CA duration, suggestive of the intrinsic limit of static heat treatment.

Effect of CNT Grafting on Carbon Fibers on Impact Properties of CFRTP Laminate

2018 ◽  
Vol 774 ◽  
pp. 410-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuto Tanaka ◽  
Ken Uzumasa ◽  
Tsutao Katayama
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Interfacial Strength ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Impact Properties ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Reinforced Thermoplastics ◽  
The Impact

Carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastics (CFRTP) are expected to be used as a structural material for aircraft and automobiles not only for their mechanical properties such as high specific strength and high specific rigidity but also for their high recyclability and short molding time. Generally, in a composite material having a laminated structure, interlaminar delamination is often caused by an out-of-plane impact, so the interlayer property plays an important role in the mechanical properties. It has been reported that the fiber/matrix interfacial strength increases by grafting carbon nanotubes (CNT) on the carbon fiber surface. In this study, CNT grafted carbon fibers were used for reinforcement of CFRTP laminate for the improvement of impact properties of CFRTP laminates. The impact absorbed energy of the CFRTP laminate using CNT grafted carbon fibers as reinforcing fiber was higher than that using untreated CF.

Mathematical Analysis of MWCNT Based Aluminum Alloy Metal Matrix Composite

2016 ◽  
Vol 852 ◽  
pp. 98-103
Author(s):  
P.S. Samuel Ratna Kumar ◽  
S. John Alexis ◽  
D.S. Robinson Smart
Keyword(s):  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Metal Matrix Composite ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Matrix Composite ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Multiwall Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Aspect Ratios ◽  
Marine Applications

The interest in Multiwall Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT) as reinforcement for Aluminium alloy has been growing considerably because of its significant properties such as high Strength, elastic modulus, flexibility and high aspect ratios which makes the combination for being used in aerospace, automobile and marine applications. This work mainly focuses on the theoretical analysis of Strength and Young’s modulus of MWCNT addition with Aluminium 5083 metal matrix composite for different compositions like 1, 1.25, 1.5 and 1.75 weight %, representing that the MWCNT are effective reinforcement. The predicted value shows that, the addition of MWCNT is increasing the Young’s modulus and Strength for the composite compared to the AA5083 (Aluminium alloy).

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