Deliberative Research for Deliberative Policy Making: Creating and Recreating Evidence in Transport Policy

Despite promotion of evidence-based policy responses, there remains a knowledge gap between policy-makers and academia particularly in transport policy making, which is steeped in positivist traditions. A number of social policy academics have conceptualised research utilisation in relation to particular elements of social policy, but less attention has been paid to the integration of deliberative and interpretative research into transport policy. This article explores this through a study of the journey to school that used mobile and visual methods in an in-depth exploration of this element of everyday life.

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Why policy needs history (and historians)

Health Economics Policy and Law ◽

10.1017/s1744133117000433 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (3-4) ◽

pp. 369-381 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Virginia Berridge

Keyword(s):

Case Studies ◽

Policy Making ◽

Time History ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Direct Relevance ◽

The Past ◽

Evidence Based Policy ◽

Fresh Starts ◽

The Relationship

AbstractPolicy makers like the idea of new initiatives and fresh starts, unencumbered by, even actively overthrowing, what has been done in the past. At the same time, history can be pigeonholed as fusty and antiquarian, dealing with long past events of no relevance to the present. Academic historians are sometimes bound up in their own worlds. The debates central to academe may have little direct relevance to the immediate concerns of policy making. The paper argues that history, as the evidence-based discipline par excellence, is as relevant as other approaches to evidence-based policy making. Case studies can show us the nature of that relevance. How to achieve influence for history also needs discussion. The relationship is not straightforward and will vary according to time and place. History is an interpretative discipline, not just a collection of ‘facts’. The paper discusses how historians work and why it is important for policy makers to engage, not just with history, but with historians as well. Historians too need to think about the value of bringing their analysis into policy.

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Indicators as a Tool for Strengthened Monitoring

10.1093/oso/9780192843371.003.0004 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 108-122

Author(s):

Emma Lantschner

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Policy Making ◽

The Political ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Political Dialogue ◽

Outcome Indicators ◽

State Institutions ◽

Law And Policy ◽

Process And Outcome

Chapter 3 is dedicated to a discussion of the concept of indicators, since the use of such an instrument is not uncontroversial. To address critics of the concept, the chapter analyses not only the purposes for which indicators can be used and their related advantages, but also discusses the limitations and pitfalls connected with their use. This chapter also introduces the division into structural, process, and outcome indicators that measure the progress of implementation in different phases of the life cycle of a norm. It further looks at the use that is made (or not made) of indicators in monitoring procedures carried out by the Commission in the pre-accession phase to show that, to date, the concept has been used rather inconsistently. On the basis of the foregoing, it develops criteria for the development of indicators in the area of equality and non-discrimination. The main purpose of these indicators is to support consistent monitoring of the transposition and implementation of the EU non-discrimination acquis. They can, however, also be used as a tool in the political dialogue between the European Commission, civil society actors, and state institutions, as well as by policy makers to analyse the situation in view of evidence-based law and policy making.

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INDIGENOUS PEOPLE IN THEIR EXISTENCE OF IN EVIDENCE-BASED POLICY MAKING BY GOVERNMENTS

International Journal of Advanced Research ◽

10.21474/ijar01/12978 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 1344-1348

Author(s):

Revency Vania Rugebregt ◽

M.J. Saptenno ◽

J. Tjiptabudy

Keyword(s):

Indigenous People ◽

Indigenous Peoples ◽

Policy Making ◽

Research Method ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Vulnerable Group ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Remote Areas ◽

Evidence Based Policy ◽

Laws And Regulations

Indigenous Peoples are a problem that is relatively unknown to the wider community because they are located in remote areas, and only certain areas have Indigenous Peoples problems. They are a very vulnerable group in our society and in the country in general. This happens because they lack access to development and even their rights tend to be neglected. Apart from that, the alignment of the constitution with them in the laws and regulations is not in line with the practice in the field. This research uses the normative research method where the conceptual and statutory approaches are used, but also the legal materials that are obtained in the field will also be input in this research. It is hoped that this research can contribute ideas to policy makers so that it becomes a recommendation for making policies based on conditions in the field or evidence (evidence-based policies).

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A purple patch for evidence-based health policy?

Australian Health Review ◽

10.1071/ah21016 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 74

Author(s):

Mark Cormack ◽

Anne-marie Boxall ◽

Carolyn Hullick ◽

Mark Booth ◽

Russell L. Gruen

Keyword(s):

Public Policy ◽

Research Policy ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Policy Action ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Political Actors ◽

The Public ◽

Policy Responses ◽

Nation States ◽

Public Policy Process

The global focus on nation states’ responses to the COVID-19 pandemic has rightly highlighted the importance of science and evidence as the basis for policy action. Those with a lifelong passion for evidence-based policy (EBP) have lauded Australia’s and other nations’ policy responses to COVID-19 as a breakthrough moment for the cause. This article reflects on the complexity of the public policy process, the perspectives of its various actors, and draws on Alford’s work on the Blue, Red and Purple zones to propose a more nuanced approach to advocacy for EBP in health. We contend that the pathway for translation of research evidence into routine clinical practice is relatively linear, in contrast to the more complex course for translation of evidence to public policy – much to the frustration of health researchers and EBP advocates. Cairney’s description of the characteristics of successful policy entrepreneurs offers useful guidance to advance EBP and we conclude with proposing some practical mechanisms to support it. Finally, we recommend that researchers and policy makers spend more time in the Purple zone to enable a deeper understanding of, and mutual respect for, the unique contributions made by research, policy and political actors to sound public policy.

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Digital Transformations in Planning: An Australian Context

10.31235/osf.io/5k4sz ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Matthew Kok Ming Ng ◽

Christopher Pettit

Keyword(s):

Development Policy ◽

Policy Making ◽

Data Analytics ◽

Data Repository ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Data Governance ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Governance Model ◽

Planning Institute ◽

Urban Problems

Australia is currently undergoing sweeping changes in transforming and digitizing its planning and development sectors. However, numerous challenges still exist in consolidating and making accessible essential data in the country to effect evidence-based development policy-making. This has been argued to have tangible consequences in formulating solutions to urban problems, such as housing delivery, and driving new urban innovations that are data-focused. In this chapter, we discuss a new urban data governance model in the context of the development of a novel single housing data and analytics platform, which has been formulated based on Australia’s current issues on data disparity, ownership, and interoperability. This platform, the Australian Housing Data Analytics Platform, seeks provide researchers with an integrated data repository and transparent analytical capabilities that hopes to drive collaboration, public participation, and data democratization across the country. In line with PlanTech principles developed through the Australian Planning Institute, this chapter describes how data in Australia can be made as a public good and integral commodity for policy-makers for the better planning for our cities.

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Political Action, Error and Failure: The Epistemological Limits of Complexity

Political Studies ◽

10.1111/j.1467-9248.2011.00901.x ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 3-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Adrian Little

Keyword(s):

Complexity Theory ◽

Complex Terrain ◽

Policy Making ◽

Political Action ◽

Policy Design ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Risk Averse ◽

Policy Makers ◽

The Subject ◽

Epistemological Obstacles

The trend in government and public policy towards evidence-based policy making has recently been the subject of criticism from authors such as Ian Sanderson who argue that the insights of complexity theory undermine the claims of evidence that these forms of policy design advocate. While taking on board the primary claim of this critique, this article examines the contribution of complexity theory in more detail to suggest that the epistemological obstacles that complexity science identifies also challenge the kind of pragmatic, deliberative model that Sanderson prefers. Instead, it examines the work of Michael Freeden on failure and Michel Foucault on error to demonstrate the ways in which approaches that are less wedded to epistemological certainty can enable policy makers to think more creatively about the complex terrain they must navigate and develop more innovative and less risk-averse forms of political action.

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Social Work and the Making of Social Policy

10.1332/policypress/9781447349150.001.0001 ◽

2019 ◽

Keyword(s):

Social Work ◽

Social Policy ◽

Policy Making ◽

Policy Formulation ◽

Problem Definition ◽

Policy Cycle ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Political Actors ◽

Policy Practice ◽

Social Work Practitioners

Bringing together international case studies, this book offers theoretical and empirical insights into the interaction between social work and social policy. Moving beyond existing studies on policy practice, the book employs the policy cycle as a core analytical frame and focuses on the influence of social work(ers) in the problem definition, agenda setting, policy formulation and implementation of social policy. Twenty-three contributors offer examples of policy making from seven different countries and demonstrate how social work practitioners can become political actors, while also encouraging policy makers to become aware of the potential of social work for the social policy-making process.

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Evidence-based narratives in European research programming

European Journal of Futures Research ◽

10.1186/s40309-021-00175-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Philipp Schepelmann ◽

Susanne Fischer ◽

Martin Drews ◽

Ton Bastein ◽

Jürgen Kropp ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Policy Making ◽

Innovation System ◽

Critical Discussion ◽

Future Market ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Research And Innovation ◽

Directorate General ◽

Societal Challenge ◽

Market Diffusion

AbstractThe article introduces and exemplifies the approach of evidence-based narratives (EBN). The methodology is a product of co-design between policy-making and science, generating robust intelligence for evidence-based policy-making in the Directorate General for Research and Innovation of the European Commission (DG RTD) under the condition of high uncertainty and fragmented evidence. The EBN transdisciplinary approach tackles practical problems of future-oriented policy-making, in this case in the area of programming for research and innovation addressing the Grand Societal Challenge related to climate change and natural resources. Between 2013 and 2018, the EU-funded RECREATE project developed 20 EBNs in a co-development process between scientists and policy-makers. All EBNs are supported with evidence about the underlying innovation system applying the technological innovation systems (TIS) framework. Each TIS analysis features the innovation, its current state of market diffusion and a description of the innovation investment case. Indicators include potential future market sizes, effects on employment and environmental and social benefits. Based on the innovation and TIS function analyses, the EBNs offer policy recommendations. The article ends with a critical discussion of the EBN approach.

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COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdown Fine Optimality

Economies ◽

10.3390/economies9010036 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 36

Author(s):

Spyros Niavis ◽

Dimitris Kallioras ◽

George Vlontzos ◽

Marie-Noelle Duquenne

Keyword(s):

Social Cost ◽

Real Data ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Policy Responses ◽

Theoretical Approaches ◽

The Social ◽

The World ◽

Economic Reasoning ◽

The Impact

The first stream of economic studies on public policy responses during the COVID-19 pandemic focused on the stringency, the effectiveness, and the impact of the countries’ interventions and paid rather little attention to the corresponding means used to support them. The present paper scrutinizes the lockdown measures and, particularly, examines the optimality of the lockdown fines imposed by countries worldwide towards ensuring citizens’ compliance. Initially, a triad of fine stringency indicators are compiled, and the stringency of fines is evaluated in a comparative context, among the countries considered. Consequently, the fine stringency is incorporated into a regression analysis with various epidemiological, socioeconomic, and policy factors to reveal any drivers of fine variability. Finally, theoretical approaches behind fine optimality are capitalized and real data are used towards estimating the optimal fine for each country considered. The objectives of the paper are, first, to check for any drivers of fine stringency around the world and, second, to develop and test a formula that could be used in order to assist policy makers to formulate evidence-based fines for confronting the pandemic. The findings of the paper highlight that fines do not seem to have been imposed with any sound economic reasoning and the majority of countries considered imposed larger real fines, compared to the optimal ones, to support the lockdowns. The paper stresses the need for the imposition of science-based fines that reflect the social cost of non-compliance with the lockdown measures.

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PENTINGNYA RISET KEBIJAKAN DALAM PEMBUATAN KEBIJAKAN PUBLIK UNGGUL DI INDONESIA

JPSI (Journal of Public Sector Innovations) ◽

10.26740/jpsi.v1n1.p37-46 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 37

Author(s):

Anugerah Yuka Asmara

Keyword(s):

Public Policy ◽

Personal Experience ◽

Policy Making ◽

Policy Research ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Economic Consideration ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Research Results ◽

New Public ◽

Policy Making Process

A public policy in Indonesia tends to be implemented insufficiently good, although a public policy making process has been undertaken sequentially. One of factors is the neglected research results, particularly a social or policy research has not become yet as a main consideration for the policy makers. They tend using an intuition consideration and a personal experience rather than using the research results in determining a new public policy. Unfortunately, majority of policy makers use a political and economic consideration in each of stages of policy making process to fulfill the various elite interests, not for public as a whole. Important to be known that a evidence-based policy can create a sound public policy. It is a policy to resolve the recent problems, to minimize the mistakes/failures, and giving a bright wish for people in the future. The aim of this sound public policy is to hoist the image and trust of Indonesian Government in the perspective of Indonesian and foreign people currently.

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