Screening and comprehensive evaluation of rice (Oryza sativa L. subsp. japonica Kato) germplasm resources for nitrogen efficiency in Xinjiang, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-189
Author(s):  
Chunping Jia ◽  
Fengbin Wang ◽  
Jie Yuan ◽  
Yanhong Zhang ◽  
Zhiqiang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Efficiency ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Germplasm Resources ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
N Application ◽  
N Efficiency ◽  
Panicle Number

AbstractComprehensive screening of rice (Oryza sativa L. subsp. japonica Kato) germplasm resources with different nitrogen (N) efficiency levels is effective for improving N use efficiency (NUE) while reducing pollution and providing high quality, yield, and efficiency agriculture. We investigated 14 indices of 38 varieties under three N application levels to assess differences among genotypes. Rice varieties were classified for screening and identifying N efficient. Descriptive statistical analysis results indicated significant differences in relative yield, and also in NUE indices (agronomic utilization rate and partial productivity of N fertilizer). The genotype main effects and genotype–environment interaction effects (GGE) biplot analysis was used to evaluate suitable varieties, compare the stable and high yield capabilities of different varieties, find the ideal variety, and describe the correlation, discrimination and representativeness of the indices under different N application levels. Descriptive statistical, discrimitiveness and representativeness and factor analysis were used to select indices, in which the panicle number per plant and soil and plant analyzer development (SPAD) value were the key indices for evaluation and identification. Heatmap and hierarchical cluster analysis based on the average value of evaluation indices, and scatter plot based on the comprehensive value of N efficiency (P) according to formula showed that all varieties could be divided into five types under different N treatments. Our findings work toward developing N efficient rice varieties to improve NUE, reduce N fertilizer application and thus N waste, consequently mitigating the effects of rice production on the environment to ensure food security and sustainable agricultural development.

scholarly journals Evaluating Genotype × Environment Interactions of Yield Traits and Adaptability in Rice Cultivars Grown under Temperate, Subtropical and Tropical Environments

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 558
Author(s):  
Xing Huang ◽  
Su Jang ◽  
Backki Kim ◽  
Zhongze Piao ◽  
Edilberto Redona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yield Component ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Panicle Number ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Yield Component Traits

Rice yield is a complex trait that is strongly affected by environment and genotype × environment interaction (GEI) effects. Consideration of GEI in diverse environments facilitates the accurate identification of optimal genotypes with high yield performance, which are adaptable to specific or diverse environments. In this study, multiple environment trials were conducted to evaluate grain yield (GY) and four yield-component traits: panicle length, panicle number, spikelet number per panicle, and thousand-grain weight. Eighty-nine rice varieties were cultivated in temperate, subtropical, and tropical regions for two years. The effects of both GEI (12.4–19.6%) and environment (23.6–69.6%) significantly contributed to the variation of all yield-component traits. In addition, 37.1% of GY variation was explained by GEI, indicating that GY performance was strongly affected by the different environmental conditions. GY performance and genotype stability were evaluated using simultaneous selection indexing, and 19 desirable genotypes were identified with high productivity and broad adaptability across temperate, subtropical, and tropical conditions. These optimal genotypes could be recommended for cultivation and as elite parents for rice breeding programs to improve yield potential and general adaptability to climates.

scholarly journals Genotype-environment interaction and stability analysis of four fine rice varieties

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
P L Biswas ◽  
U K Nath ◽  
S Ghosal ◽  
A K Patwary
Keyword(s):  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
Panicle Number ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Genotype-environment interactions through different stability parameters and performance traits of four fine rice genotypes were studied. The traits were; days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of effective tillers per hill, panicle length (cm), number of fertile grains per panicle, number of sterile grains per panicle and yield (t/ha) in four fine rice genotypes across nine environments along with experimental farm of Genetics and Plant Breeding department, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) Mymensingh. Significant differences were observed for genotypes, environments and genotypes–environment interaction. Stability analysis after Eberhat and Russell’s model suggested that the genotypes used in study were more or less responsive to environmental changes. Most of the genotypes performed better in Comilla. BAU125 was found stable for effective tillers per hill and comparatively less sensitive to other genotypes in panicle length and number of sterile grains per panicle. BR5 was stable for days to maturity and plant height whereas Kalizira performed better than other genotypes for fertile grains per panicle. In general, only the genotype BAU125 was found stable for effective tillers per hill, panicle length and lowest number of sterile grains per panicle.   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v10i1.12011   J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 10(1): 1–7, 2012  

scholarly journals Reduction in Fertilizer Input´s Has No Significant Affect on Yield or Performance of Early- and Late-season Indica Hybrid Rice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huang Zhiyuan ◽  
ZhiYuan Huang ◽  
QiMing Lv ◽  
Md. Amir Hossain ◽  
ZhaoHui Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Panicle Number

Abstract Increasing rice production by using genetically improved rice cultivars and fertilizer application has been the main objective of rice farming. The double rice-cropping system has been an important rice production system in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China since the 1950s. It is of great significance to determine whether hybrid vigor can make a substantial contribution to early- and late-season rice production, and how the heterosis expression of hybrid rice functions under different level of fertilization application. The objective of this study was to evaluate the grain yield and associated plant traits of popular hybrid and inbred rice varieties with large-scale promotion under conditions of customary (high) and combined (low) fertilization in the early and late seasons of 2017-18 in Changsha County, Hunan Province, central Southern China. We found that hybrid rice varieties displayed their respective advantages in the early- and late-rice seasons, but the advantages in their relative yield traits varied. The main advantages of early-season rice were effective panicle number per hill (EPN), 1000-grain weight (KGW), harvest index (HI), yield, and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). Whereas in late-season rice, the major advantages were grain number per panicle (GNP), HI, yield, and NUE. The EPN was the main advantage of early-season hybrid rice with a short-growth period, and the GNP was the main advantage of late-season hybrid rice with a long-growth period. The main yield advantage of hybrid rice was stronger under combined (low) fertilization than under customary (high) fertilization. Hence, high yield can be achieved by selecting good hybrid rice varieties and by using combined fertilization (lower fertilizer use with higher efficiency). This work is contributive for rice growers, extension specialists, and fertilizer producers, as it provides data that can be used to maximize yields with reduced fertilizer and pesticide inputs.

scholarly journals Genotype × environment interaction for morphological and quality traits of wheat varieties under different nitrogen regimes in the foothills of Shivalik range of Himalayas

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1770-1774
Author(s):  
Meenakshi Uniyal ◽  
J. P. Jaiswal ◽  
Birendra Prasad ◽  
Rishi Pal Gangwar
Keyword(s):  
Grain Filling ◽  
Nitrogen Efficiency ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
N Efficiency ◽  
Stable Variety ◽  
Grain Filling Period ◽  
Crop Research

Variation among twelve winter wheat varieties with respect to N efficiency (NE) were assessed in field trial planned as per factorial experimental design (two years × three nitrogen doses × twelve genotypes) in which treatments were randomized in three replications under three nitrogen levels (control, 150, 250 kg/ha) for two successive years at N. E. Borlaug Crop Research Center, Pantnagar. Stability analysis of nitrogen efficiency contributing traits was performed using mean performance, linear regression and the deviation from regression. No single genotype performed well enough for all the traits under study. QLD 33, HD 2967 and QLD 39 were stable for root length showing good performance for nitrogen uptake. HD 3112 was most stable variety for most of the characters whereas, QLD 33 was found to perform best under higher levels of nitrogen fertilisation, thus, not efficient enough. But, QLD 33 showed delayed maturity which could be linked with an increase in grain yield thus, it could be said that functional stay green phenotypes should increase the grain filling period and boost yield.

Predicting nitrogen fertilizer requirements of potatoes in Atlantic Canada with soil nitrate determinations

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 535-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Bélanger ◽  
J. R. Walsh ◽  
J. E. Richards ◽  
P. H. Milburn ◽  
N. Ziadi
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Atlantic Canada ◽  
Soil Nitrate ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
N Application ◽  
N Content

Nitrogen greatly affects potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) yield, but excess N can result in environmental degradation. In this study soil nitrate (NO3-N) content was determined pre-plant to predict fertilizer N requirements of potatoes in Atlantic Canada and in mid-season to adjust N fertilization during the growing season. Soil NO3-N contents were measured to a 0.30-m depth in spring prior to planting at four on-farm sites in each of 3 yr (1995 to 1997) in the upper St. John River Valley of New Brunswick, Canada. Mid-season soil NO3-N contents at a 0–0.30 m depth were also determined (32–47 days after planting) at two sites in three N treatments in 1995 (0, 50, and 250 kg N ha-1) and in four N treatments in 1996 and 1997 (0, 50, 100, and 250 kg N ha-1). The yield response of potatoes to six rates of N fertilization (0–250 kg N ha-1) with and without supplemental irrigation was used to determine the economically optimum N application (Nop). The pre-plant spring soil NO3-N test alone could not adequately predict the N requirements of potatoes in Atlantic Canada; the Nop and relative yield were poorly correlated (0.07 < R2< 0.52) with spring soil NO3-N content. The mid-season soil NO3-N test, however, could be used to determine the need for supplemental N fertilizer; NO3-N content correlated well (0.44 < R2< 0.68) with the relative yield for total and marketable yield. We suggest a critical mid-season value of 80 mg NO3-N kg-1 soil for marketable yield, above which additional N application might not be necessary. Key Words: N fertilizer, nitrate, Nop, relative yield, Solanum tuberosum, critical value

scholarly journals Nitrogen Leaching and Nitrogen Balance under Differing Nitrogen Fertilization for Sugarcane Cultivation on a Subtropical Island

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 740
Author(s):  
Ken Okamoto ◽  
Shinkichi Goto ◽  
Toshihiko Anzai ◽  
Shotaro Ando
Keyword(s):  
N Uptake ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
N Leaching ◽  
N Recovery ◽  
N Application ◽  
Fertilizer Application Rate ◽  
Sugarcane Yield ◽  
Cropping Seasons

Fertilizer application during sugarcane cultivation is a main source of nitrogen (N) loads to groundwater on small islands in southwestern Japan. The aim of this study was to quantify the effect of reducing the N fertilizer application rate on sugarcane yield, N leaching, and N balance. We conducted a sugarcane cultivation experiment with drainage lysimeters and different N application rates in three cropping seasons (three years). N loads were reduced by reducing the first N application rate in all cropping seasons. The sugarcane yields of the treatment to which the first N application was halved (T2 = 195 kg ha−1 N) were slightly lower than those of the conventional application (T1 = 230 kg ha−1 N) in the first and third seasons (T1 = 91 or 93 tons ha−1, T2 = 89 or 87 tons ha−1). N uptake in T1 and T2 was almost the same in seasons 1 (186–188 kg ha−1) and 3 (147–151 kg ha−1). Based on the responses of sugarcane yield and N uptake to fertilizer reduction in two of the three years, T2 is considered to represent a feasible fertilization practice for farmers. The reduction of the first N fertilizer application reduced the underground amounts of N loads (0–19 kg ha−1). However, application of 0 N in the first fertilization would lead to a substantial reduction in yield in all seasons. Reducing the amount of N in the first application (i.e., replacing T1 with T2) improved N recovery by 9.7–11.9% and reduced N leaching by 13 kg ha−1. These results suggest that halving the amount of N used in the first application can improve N fertilizer use efficiency and reduce N loss to groundwater.

scholarly journals Response of rain-fed lowland rice varieties to different sources of N fertilizer in Fogera Plain, Northwest Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1707020
Author(s):  
Amare Aleminew ◽  
Getachew Alemayehu ◽  
Enyew Adgo ◽  
Tilahun Tadesse ◽  
Manuel Tejada Moral
Keyword(s):  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Lowland Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Different Sources

scholarly journals Genotype x Environment Interaction and Yield-Stability Analyses of Rice Grown in Tropical Inland Swamp

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adesola L. NASSIR ◽  
Omolayo J. ARIYO
Keyword(s):  
Total Variation ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Genotype X Environment Interaction ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Environmental Indices ◽  
Genotype X Environment ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Gxe Interaction ◽  
The Stability

Twelve rice varieties were cultivated in inland hydromorphic lowland over a four year-season period in tropical rainforest ecology to study the genotype x environment (GxE) interaction and yield stability and to determine the agronomic and environmental factors responsible for the interaction. Data on yield and agronomic characters and environmental variables were analyzed using the Additive Main Effect and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI), Genotype and Genotype x Environment Interaction, GGE and the yield stability using the modified rank-sum statistic (YSi). AMMI analysis revealed environmental differences as accounting for 47.6% of the total variation. The genotype and GxE interaction accounted for 28.5% and 24% respectively. The first and second interaction axes captured 57% and 30% of the total variation due to GXE interaction. The analysis identified ‘TOX 3107’ as having a combination of stable and average yield. The GGE captured 85.8%of the total GxE. ‘TOX 3226-53-2-2-2’ and ‘ITA 230’ were high yielding but adjudged unstable by AMMI. These two varieties along with ‘WITA 1’ and ‘TOX 3180-32-2-1-3-5’ were identified with good inland swamp environment, which is essentially moisture based. The two varieties (‘TOX 3226-53-2-2-2’ and ‘ITA 230’), which were equally considered unstable in yield by the stability variance, ?2i, were selected by YSi in addition to ‘TOX 3107’, ‘WITA 1’, ‘IR 8’ and ‘M 55’. The statistic may positively complement AMMI and GGE in selecting varieties suited to specific locations with peculiar fluctuations in environmental indices. Correlation of PC scores with environmental and agronomic variables identified total rainfall up to the reproductive stage, variation in tillering ability and plant height as the most important factors underlying the GxE interaction. Additional information from the models can be positively utilized in varietal development for different ecologies.

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