Building an Ethic of Public Policy Discourse: An Appeal to the African Studies Community

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
Jennifer G. Cooke ◽  
J. Stephen Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
Policy Discourse ◽  
African Studies ◽  
Policy Initiatives ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Policy Engagement ◽  
Trade And Investment

U.S. policy engagement in Africa has entered a phase of dramatic enlargement, begun during President Bill Clinton’s tenure and expanded—unexpectedly—under the administration of George W. Bush. In the last five years, several Africa-centered U.S. policy initiatives have been launched—in some instances backed by substantial funding increases—in trade and investment, security, development assistance, counterterrorism, and HIV/AIDS. By contrast with the Cold War era, recent initiatives—the Africa Growth and Opportunity Act, a counterterrorism task force in Djibouti, President Bush’s $15 billion HTV/AIDS proposal, and the $5 billion Millennium Challenge Account (MCA)—have been largely free of partisan rancor or controversy.

TICAD: The Context of Japan’s Development Aids to Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayokunle Olumuyiwa Omobowale
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
International Development ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Development Aid ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Usual Practice ◽  
Self Help ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
And Control

Most of the discourse on development aid in Africa has been limited to assistance from Western countries and those provided by competing capitalist and socialist blocs during the Cold war era. Japan, a nation with great economic and military capabilities; its development assistance for Africa is encapsulated in the Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD) initiative. The TICAD started in 1993 and Japan has so far held 5 TICAD meetings between 1993 and 2013 during which Africa’s development challenges and Japan’s development assistance to the continent were discussed. The emphasis on “ownership”, “self-help” and “partnership” are major peculiar characteristics of Japan’s development aid that puts the design, implementation and control of development projects under the control of recipient countries. This is a major departure from the usual practice in international development assistance where recipient countries are bound by clauses that somewhat puts the control of development aid in the hands of the granting countries. Such binding clauses have often been described as inimical to the successful administration of the aids and development in recipient countries. Though Japan’s development aid to Africa started only in 1993, by the 2000s, Japan was the topmost donor to Africa. This paper examines the context of Japan’s development aid to Africa by analyzing secondary data sourced from literature and secondary statistics.

The Peacock and the Dragon: How to Grapple with the Rising Global Ambitions of India and China

2010 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 719-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilian Kavalski
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Cold War ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Regional Powers ◽  
Break Up ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
International Interactions ◽  
India And China ◽  
Emergent Dynamics

Coming to terms with the nascent international agency of regional powers with global intentions has become a dominant topic in the study of world affairs. This rash of attention to the emergent dynamics of international interactions has been facilitated by the break-up of the Cold War order which has allowed a number of actors to extend their international roles and outreach. India and China feature prominently among those actors and their agency in global life is subject to a growing public, policy, and scholarly scrutiny.

United Nations Security Council Resolutions 2321, 2371, & 2375

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 1176-1208
Author(s):  
Meredith Rathbone ◽  
Pete Jeydel
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Economic Sanctions ◽  
The United States ◽  
United Nations Security Council ◽  
International Peace ◽  
Military Threat ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Trade And Investment

As concerns grow that North Korea's nuclear weapons and ballistic missile programs are nearing the point of becoming an unacceptably dire threat to international peace and security, the United Nations, acting with unprecedented collective resolve, has imposed potentially suffocating international economic sanctions on North Korea. These sanctions are bolstered by even more stringent measures imposed unilaterally by the United States. The international community has not in recent memory come together in this way to seek to cut a country off from nearly all trade and investment. This will be a test of the effectiveness of economic sanctions in achieving a nonmilitary solution to what is arguably the most significant military threat impacting global interests since the end of the Cold War.

Human Rights Conditionality and Aid Allocation: Case Study of Japanese Foreign Aid Policy

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumitaka Furuoka
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
Official Development Assistance ◽  
Economic Assistance ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Aid Policy

AbstractThis paper examines a new trend in Japan's Official Development Assistance (ODA) policy that emerged at the end of the Cold War. In 1992, the Japanese government adopted the "Official Development Assistance Charter," which obliged Japan to use its foreign aid to promote human rights, democracy, and freedom. Since the beginning of the 1990s, there have been cases when Japan imposed "human rights conditionalities" by increasing the amount of foreign aid to the recipient countries with good human rights records and reducing economic assistance to the countries with poor human rights practices. However, there remain doubts whether Japan is truly committed to use its aid power as leverage to ensure that democracy and human rights are respected by the governments of its aid recipients. This paper uses panel data analysis to examine whether the condition of human rights in aid-recipient countries has become one of the factors that influence Japan's ODA allocation. The findings reveal the lack of evidence to prove that the human rights condition in aid-recipient countries has influenced the allocation of Japanese aid.

scholarly journals Thinking Across Hemispheres: Further notes on Oversights and Blind Spots in Disciplinary African Studies

Afrika Focus ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-22
Author(s):  
Premesh Lalu
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
African Studies ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Area Studies ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nationalist Sentiment ◽  
Sustained Effort ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Blind Spots

In the midst of ever-hardening nationalist sentiment across the world, the humanities may need to recall its long history of thinking across hemispheres. In such balkanised times, we may have to rethink the work that a hermeneutics of suspicion performs for a critical humanities as well as how Africa is bound to particular configurations of area studies that emerge out of the geopolitical distributions of knowledge during the Cold War. To the extent that we might develop a history of a critical humanities across hemispheres, this paper asks what it might mean to return to a concept of freedom formed through a sustained effort at reckoning with the worldliness specific to the anti-colonial struggles in Africa. There, a critical humanities may discover the sources of a creative work in which Africa is not merely bound to the binary of blind spots and oversights, but functions as that supplement which gives itself over to a liveable future.

scholarly journals Economic Liberalization and Trade Relations between Mexico and China

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Hernández Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Economic Globalization ◽  
Economic Liberalization ◽  
Military Power ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
The Public ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Liberalization Policies

This paper analyses the commercial relationship between Mexico and China in the context of the liberalization policies enacted by both countries. The policies were developed in the framework of economic globalization and worldwide strategic military power, starting from the end of the Cold War. Against this backdrop, the paper analyses the current trade relations between China and Mexico. The text emphasizes the public policy of both countries, presenting similarities and asymmetries along with the results of their commercial policies and specific business practices.

The rise and fall of the Cold War in comparative perspective

1999 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 21-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD NED LEBOW
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Proximate Cause ◽  
Policy Initiatives ◽  
Terminal Stage ◽  
Foreign Policies ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
East West ◽  
Exclusive Focus

Much of the discussion of the end of the Cold War starts from the premise that Gorbachev's domestic reforms and foreign policy initiatives set in motion a process that radically transformed the nature of East-West relations. The emphasis on the Gorbachev period is natural enough given the consensus among Western and Russian scholars that Gorbachev's domestic and foreign policies were the proximate cause of the end of the Cold War. The near exclusive focus on the causes and consequences of Gorbachev's policies nevertheless frames the analytical puzzle too narrowly. The Cold War was not a static conflict that continued unchanged from its origins in the late 1940s to the advent of Gorbachev some forty years later. Gorbachev's initiatives ushered in the terminal stage of a process of accommodation that had been underway, albeit with fits and starts, for several decades. The Gorbachev foreign policy revolution needs to be put into broader historical context.

Democratic peace as global errand

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia L. Dunmire
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Policy Discourse ◽  
Democratic Peace ◽  
Post Cold War ◽  
Global Mission ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Focusing on the foreign policy discourse of George H. W. Bush and William Clinton, I examine the role the American jeremiad played in conceptualizing the geopolitical change initiated by the ending of the Cold War. I identify “extending the democratic peace” as the nation’s post-Cold War “errand” and argue that this global mission represented the contemporary “re-dedication” of American policy to the nation’s “divine cause.” I demonstrate that a key issue facing the nation was whether the U.S. would reap the benefits of its Cold War victory by extending its political-economic system globally or whether it would turn inward and, thereby, give rein of the future to the forces of “anarchy” and chaos.” As with earlier renditions of the jeremiad, the post-Cold War variant turned this liminal moment into a “mode of socialization” (Bercovitch 2012, 25) by deploying the concept of democratic peace to legitimate an interventionist foreign policy.

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