Transition from Single-Party Dominance? New Data from Malaysia

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Case
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Electoral Outcome ◽  
Dominant Party ◽  
Elite Level ◽  
The Government ◽  
Key Dimensions ◽  
Party Dominance

Leading theories of transitions from single-party dominant systems begin with economic crisis, the party's loss of patronage resources, and elite-level defections. The multiparty elections that are then held exert no independent effect, but instead register neutrally the party's decline and the democratization of politics. This article, however, shifts attention from the dominant party to citizens and elections in noncrisis conditions. It argues that citizens assess on key dimensions the dominant party's legitimacy or worthiness of support. Further, where they grow critical of its policy outputs, they scrutinize more closely its conformity to procedures. And as they anticipate that their voting preferences will be thwarted by electoral manipulations, they vote in protest, perhaps producing a “liberalizing electoral outcome.” Elections, then, do not simply indicate the dominant party's decline. By deepening alienation, they help citizens to cause it. Analysis is set in Malaysia, long an exemplar of single-party dominance, but recently a case in which the government was dealt a striking electoral setback.

scholarly journals Malaysia's 2008 General Election – Transition from Single-party Dominance?

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Case
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
General Election ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Electoral Outcome ◽  
Dominant Party ◽  
Elite Level ◽  
The Government ◽  
Key Dimensions ◽  
Crisis Conditions ◽  
Party Dominance

Leading theories of transitions from single-party dominant systems begin with economic crisis, the party's loss of patronage resources, and elite-level defections. The multiparty elections that are then held exert no independent effect, but instead register neutrally the party's decline and the democratization of politics. This paper, however, shifts attention from the dominant party to citizens and elections in non-crisis conditions. It argues that on key dimensions citizens assess the dominant party's legitimacy or worthiness of support. Further, where they grow critical of its policy outputs, they scrutinize more closely its conformity to procedures. And as they anticipate that their voting preferences will be thwarted by electoral manipulations, they vote in protest, perhaps producing a “liberalizing electoral outcome.” Elections, then, do not simply indicate the dominant party's decline. By deepening alienation, they help citizens to cause it. Analysis is set in Malaysia, long an exemplar of single-party dominance, but recently a case in which the government was dealt a striking electoral setback.

scholarly journals Neopatrimonialism and Party Clientelism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teimuraz Kareli
Keyword(s):  
Social Groups ◽  
Electoral System ◽  
Party Systems ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Dominant Party ◽  
The Government ◽  
Basic Features ◽  
The Right ◽  
Party Dominance ◽  
Ruling Party

The article deals with the features of formation of the party systems in the post-Soviet space. To understand the specific processes, the attention is focused on the inverse logic of the post-Soviet states, the basic features of which can be expressed by the concept of neopatrimonialism. In this context the functioning features of political parties, their principal tasks and the logic of creating the "power party" are described. The article examines the key criteria for the concept of the dominant party, such as its ability to consistently and steadily win the elections, the significant duration of its stay in power, as well as its personnel Control over the government. In the sociopolitical discourse the "power party" enjoys a privileged ideological position and has more opportunities compared to its competitors to appeal to voters. Along with that the party dominance reveals itself not only in its external manifestation (the stay in power), but also in the substantial one – the ability to exercise an effective political choice. The article analyzes the factors of sustainability of the "power party" systems: the historical merits of the "power party"; the ruling party’s ability to effectively take advantage of the electoral system; its strong relationships with the most affluent social groups and major corporations, as well as with the predominant ethnic or linguistic social groups; a privileged access of the ruling party to media resources. These factors are also effective in the polycentric political systems without any dominant party. However, under the dominant party systems they manifest themselves in a complex way, providing the ruling camp with a multi-layered protection due to a synergy effect. Particular attention is paid to the phenomenon of clientelism, widely used by the ruling party as a strategy of political mobilization. However, if discrimination arose by clientelism reaches the level that denies clients the right to choose, this is certainly not consistent with the rules of democracy.

Coronavirus economic crisis in the world economy: features and consequences

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-21
Author(s):  
R. Khasbulatov ◽  
A. Byasharova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
World Economy ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

The article reveals the features of a qualitatively new global coronavirus-economic crisis as well as its dangerous consequences for all countries with no exceptions. Not one single country stays aloof from this crisis. The reaction of the government, their mitigation activities is also discussed in the article.

Are voters' views about proportional outcomes shaped by partisan preferences? A survey experiment in the context of a real election

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
André Blais ◽  
Semra Sevi ◽  
Carolina Plescia
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Election Campaign ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Federal Election ◽  
Electoral Outcome ◽  
Electoral Outcomes ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Ultimate Outcome ◽  
The Government ◽  
Performance Conditions

Abstract We examine citizens' evaluations of majoritarian and proportional electoral outcomes through an innovative experimental design. We ask respondents to react to six possible electoral outcomes during the 2019 Canadian federal election campaign. There are two treatments: the performance of the party and the proportionality of electoral outcomes. There are three performance conditions: the preferred party's vote share corresponds to vote intentions as reported in the polls at the time of the survey (the reference), or it gets 6 percentage points more (fewer) votes. There are two electoral outcome conditions: disproportional and proportional. We find that proportional outcomes are slightly preferred and that these preferences are partly conditional on partisan considerations. In the end, however, people focus on the ultimate outcome, that is, who is likely to form the government. People are happy when their party has a plurality of seats and is therefore likely to form the government, and relatively unhappy otherwise. We end with a discussion of the merits and limits of our research design.

Agripreneurship development: a strategy for revamping Nigeria’s economy from recession

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 474-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Innocent Otache
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Current Economic Crisis ◽  
Leadership Failure ◽  
Oil Sector ◽  
The Government ◽  
Creativity And Innovation ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore agripreneurship development as a strategy for economic growth and development. Design/methodology/approach Though a few related literature were reviewed, this paper relies heavily on the author’s viewpoint regarding how Nigeria can grow and develop its economy through agripreneurship development. Findings The present economic challenges that Nigeria is facing are blamed on overdependence on the oil sector, bad governance, corruption, leadership failure, policy inconsistency, overdependence on imported goods and ostensible neglect of the agricultural sector. Also, policymakers, economic analysts and the government have advocated strongly for diversification of the economy. Besides, there is a consensus among scholars, economic analysts and policymakers that “agriculture is the answer.” Research limitations/implications This paper addresses specifically one sector of the economy – the agricultural sector. On the other hand, economic crisis needs to be addressed holistically by resolving specific issues that confront different sectors of the economy. Practical implications This paper has some insightful policy and practical implications for the Nigerian Government and Nigerians. The government and Nigerians need to take practical steps to grow and develop the economy. On the part of the government, apart from the need to transform the agricultural sector by allocating enough funds to it, the government should establish well-equipped agripreneurship development centers and organize periodically agripreneurship development programmes for the main purpose of training and developing both current and potential agripreneurs who will be able to apply today’s agricultural techniques and practices which involve a great deal of creativity and innovation for a successful agribusiness. The federal government should integrate agripreneurship education into Nigeria’s education system. Similarly, the Nigerian people, particularly the youths or graduates should be encouraged to choose agribusiness as a career. Originality/value While previous papers have offered different solutions to the current economic crisis that Nigeria is experiencing, ranging from economic to structural reforms, this paper differs significantly from others by recommending specifically agripreneurship development as a strategy for revamping Nigeria’s economy from its current recession. Moreover, there is a dearth of literature on agripreneurship and agripreneurship development. This paper therefore fills the literature gap.

scholarly journals ON THE REFLECTION OF CORONOMICS IN ECONOMIC SCIENCE AND ECONOMIC POLICY

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
VLADIMER PAPAVA
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Inflation Targeting ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Individual Country ◽  
Crisis Period ◽  
The Government

The paper discusses the economic issues of the COVID-19 pandemic. The resulting coronomic crisis is not a typical economic crisis since the coronomic crisis was not formed in the economy itself but is the result of the inability of medicine to solve the pandemic problem. The coronomic crisis is, by its very nature, an atypical economic crisis and is fundamentally different from other atypical economic crises that took place in the XX century. The coronomic crisis put the issue of the “crisis of globalization” on the agenda. The coronomic crisis exposed the weaknesses of globalization. Overcoming the COVID-19 pandemic is possible exclusively at the global level. The paper shows that the current process of de-globalization is “forced” by its nature and it will definitely be replaced by a qualitatively renewed process of globalization. Economic recovery from the corona crisis will be most successful only on the basis of the adherence to a free trade regime. In economic science, the problem of government intervention in the economy, especially during the pandemic and the post-pandemic period, is still relevant. The corona crisis has clearly confirmed the inability of inflation targeting to achieve macroeconomic stability. The coronomic crisis requires two approaches to economic policy. In particular, we mean an anti-crisis economic policy and a post-crisis economic policy. Economic incentives provided by the government to businesses contribute to the zombieing of the economy which will be one of the most difficult problems of the post-crisis period. The coronomic crisis made the issue of the economic security of each individual country even more urgent. The problem of ensuring food security is equally important. The economic policy of the post-crisis period must necessarily include measures to ensure a country’s food security. Since the possibility of a repetition of a pandemic in the future is similar to the current one, the problems of coronomics should remain in the field of study of economists for many years.

scholarly journals Anti-crisis state regulation of business under pandemic conditions: results and challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 187 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 90-98
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Shchukina ◽  
◽  
Victoria Varfalovskaya ◽  
Anna Bekaeva ◽  
Luis Salinas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Critical Situation ◽  
Global Economic Crisis ◽  
The Government ◽  
Medium Businesses ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the research is to identify the main trends and also a model for businesses during COVID-19 pandemic. We focuse on the study of the results of state regulation of business under pandemic conditions and the related global economic crisis. The impact of a number of anti-crisis measures implemented by the Government to support small and medium businesses is studied. The problems of development and survival of enterprises in a down economy are identified and the solutions are suggested. The measures taken by the government to prevent wave of bankruptcies during the pandemic are analyzed. The scenario problems facing the business in the context of COVID-19 crisis are identified. In addition to examining the effect of COVID-19 on small and medium-sized businesses, this article also suggests operational steps to overcome this critical situation.

Mozambique party politics may trump national interest

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Debt Crisis ◽  
Party Politics ◽  
Security Sector Reform ◽  
Security Sector ◽  
Sector Reform ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Government ◽  
Fiscal Pressure ◽  
Broad Consensus

Significance There is broad consensus that security sector reform is necessary, but lingering concern that the government lacks a coherent plan, and will end up being distracted by other issues. Impacts The economic crisis resulting from the debt crisis will continue to put the government under severe fiscal pressure. Small amounts of gas should begin to be exported in 2022, but uncertainty over the timelines for larger projects will persist. Mozambique’s relations with neighbours should continue to improve over the immediate term.

Sweden after Swedish Model

2014 ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
I. Grishin
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Social Democrats ◽  
Social State ◽  
Dominant Party ◽  
Swedish Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
Swedish Society ◽  
General Elections ◽  
The Government

Since the turn of the 1980–90s the Swedish society has undergone fundamental changes. It has altered the vector of the socioeconomic development. The social democrats have lost their position as the dominant party. They changed the course of the governmental policy from social-state to liberal one that was taken over and strengthened by the government of center-right parties after their victory in the 2006 and 2010 general elections. The social democrats have found themselves in the unprecedented since 1917 long opposition. All of this means that, despite keeping predominance of the institutional-redistributive principle of social policy, the former model of societal development has in essence consigned to history.

ANTI-CRISIS STATE REGULATION OF BUSINESS IN THE CONTEXT OF A PANDEMIC: RESULTS AND PROBLEMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
E. V. KHOMUTOVA ◽  
◽  
N. F. SHCHUKINА ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Global Economic Crisis ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The article is devoted to the study of the results of state regulation of business in the context of a pandemic and the associated global economic crisis. The impact of the system of anti-crisis measures, implemented by the Government of Russia, to support small and medium-sized businesses has been studied. The problems of development and survival of enterprises in a crisis economy are identified and the ways of their solution are proposed. The measures taken by the state to prevent massive bankruptcies during the pandemic are considered.

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