Military Support of Citizens' Challenge in the Asian Industrialized Countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-422
Author(s):  
O. Fiona Yap ◽  
Hoang Long Chu
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Newly Industrialized Countries ◽  
Interaction Treatment ◽  
Political Economies ◽  
East And Southeast Asia ◽  
The Government ◽  
Military Support ◽  
Using Data

When do militaries in the newly industrialized countries of East and Southeast Asia support their governments, when do they support citizens' challenge of government, and when do they launch coups? We propose and test a theory of military behavior using data from across East and Southeast Asia between the 1970s and 2008. The results corroborate the model's predictions to make four contributions: First, the model provides a framework of military behavior for countries to expand study beyond coups or the absence thereof. Second, the findings bring to focus the influence of citizens on the military's behavior, an aspect largely overlooked in scholarship of the region. Third, the necessary conditions—weak economy and galvanized citizens' challenge—that affect the military's behavior vis-à -vis citizens and the government highlight the strategic interaction treatment. Fourth, this study broadens systematic treatment to enrich empirics and theory-building for the political economies of these countries.

scholarly journals Unofficial Media, Government Trust, and System Confidence Evidence From China: An Empirical Exploration of the Attitudes of Netizens Based on the Dual Moderating Effect

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caijuan Chen ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Jie Ye
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Model ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
Negative Role ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data

Mass media has a significant impact on public support for the government. This manuscript constructs a mixed model with official media use as the moderating variable and government trust as the intermediary variable to explore the mechanism of how unofficial media use affects system confidence, using data from a survey of the political and social attitudes of netizens (2015). The study finds that official media use weakens the negative role of unofficial media use in building system confidence, with the intermediary variable of government trust creating the necessary conditions for weakening the effect of unofficial media use. Moreover, the effect of unofficial media use on system confidence is heterogeneous. These findings remind us that it is necessary to deepen research into the micromechanisms that explain how unofficial media use reduces system confidence, a task for which cognitive theory is well suited.

scholarly journals Deciphering "Educational Hubs" Strategies: Rhetoric and Reality

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Kinser ◽  
Jason Lane
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Domestic Demand ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
East And Southeast Asia ◽  
Education Hub ◽  
The Government

Many governments in the Middle East and Southeast Asia have repositioned them as "education hub." Four realities of education hub strategies are described. First, institutions in education hubs are not always in close proximity. Second, there are education hubs that are primarily lead by the nongovernmental entities as sponsors though with the support of the government. Third, all education cities are designed to be education hubs, but not vice versa. Fourth, educational hubs are driven by the supply-side, rather than domestic demand.

scholarly journals An Exploratory Study Of The Variation In Unemployment Length Of Graduates Of Different Degree Programs

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Steven Henry Dunga
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Degree Programs ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Waiting Period ◽  
Bachelor Of Science ◽  
Newly Industrialized Countries ◽  
Bachelor Of Education ◽  
Bachelor Of Arts ◽  
Using Data

The drive to reduce poverty and unemployment in most developing or newly industrialized countries has many forms, the most common avenue, however, is the provision of education and a resultant expectation of employment. South Africa has in the past decade struggled with the issue of unemployment. Even in the face of very high graduate rates compared to other countries in the region, there is still high unemployment. The most common in South Africa is frictional as opposed to structural. An obvious expectation is that once people have attended tertiary education, getting a job should be easier than those without any education. However, there seems to be a mismatch between the skills required in the workplace and the skills the graduates looking for jobs have. Using data from graduates of one of the big universities in South Africa, the study investigated on the time, graduates take to get a job focusing on graduates from different degree programs. The results show that graduates eventually get employed but differences exist in the waiting period. The results show that of the six degree programs namely Bachelor of Commerce in Economics, BCom Human Resources, Bachelor of Arts Psychology, Bachelor of Education (BEd), Bachelor of Science and Bachelor of Arts in Law, the law degree graduates have the longest waiting period and the BEd has the shortest waiting period before getting employed. The study, however, showed that all the graduates in the sample were employed. The results also indicated that 58percent of the graduates in the sample were not employed in the field they studied in. The study therefore recommended that to deal with unemployment in general, people should be afforded the opportunity to study for a degree, and that although low paying, BEd provides higher prospects of employment than most other degrees.

How political trust matters in emergent democracies: evidence from East and Southeast Asia

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Fiona Yap
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Political System ◽  
Political Trust ◽  
The Political ◽  
Institution Building ◽  
Political Performance ◽  
Public Pressure ◽  
East And Southeast Asia ◽  
The Government ◽  
Economic Expectations

AbstractHow does political trust affect the competing pressures of policy versus political performance in emergent democracies? Studies suggest that political trust buffers against these pressures, but empirical evidence is lacking in regard to if or how, given the focus in the literature on mature democracies where democratic institutions and practices are unlikely to be upended by either policy or political underperformance. However, in emergent democracies where the risks of democratic reversal loom large, the distinction is highly relevant. This article investigates how political trust matters in emergent democracies, specifically, if political trust buffers against public pressures, and whether it is system-directed versus incumbent-directed, for East and Southeast Asia. The evidence from multiple waves of survey data provides three useful insights: first, it shows that political trust supersedes economic expectations in support for the democratising system; this supports political trust as a buffer for the political system and is system-directed. Second, political trust goes hand-in-hand with economic performance to explain support for the incumbent government. This finding clarifies that political trust does not buffer the government against public pressure for performance. Third, taken together, the results show that economic growth may keep a government in office but institution-building leads to political trust that undergirds the political system, so that institution-building is a priority for stability in emergent democracies. These results expand the political trust literature to underpin democratic progression and consolidation issues that are unique to emergent democracies.

Motivations and attitudes toward domestic tourism in Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
Mourad Mansour ◽  
Alhassan G Mumuni
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Domestic Environment ◽  
Domestic Tourism ◽  
Tourism Destinations ◽  
Tourism Information ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Tourism Organization ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

AbstractBeginning with the establishment of a Supreme Commission for Tourism and Antiquities’ (SCTA) in 2000, there have been official attempts by the government of Saudi Arabia to encourage domestic tourism in order to tap into the huge amounts that Saudis spend annually on vacations. This paper examines the motivations and attitudes of consumers toward tourism destinations and activities within the country (domestic tourism). Using data collected through a structured self-administered questionnaire, the study finds that familiarity and trust of the local environment, perceptions of the safer domestic environment, and limitations imposed by respondents’ vacation timing are the primary motives for choosing to spend their vacations locally, while lack of quality domestic tourist sites and services (including entertainment facilities), lack of tourism information, insufficient tourism organization services, and the harsh local environmental conditions during summer are factors that ‘push’ people from spending the vacations locally. Attitudes toward domestic tourism are generally negative, although there are significant differences in attitudes between respondents who prefer domestic destinations and those who prefer to travel out of Kingdom. Implications of the findings are outlined and discussed.

Book Reviews

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 251-292
Author(s):  
Tor A. Åfarli ◽  
Jarosław Jakielaszek ◽  
Iwona Witczak-Plisiecka ◽  
Wiktor Pskit ◽  
Jolanta Szpyra-Kozłowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
English Language ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
East And Southeast Asia ◽  
Adverbial Modification ◽  
Secondary Predication ◽  
Oxford University Press

Nikolaus P. Himmelmann, Eva F. Schultze-Berndt (eds), Secondary Predication and Adverbial Modification: The Typology of Depictives, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005. xxv + 448 pages Edward L. Keenan, Edward P. Stabler, Bare Grammar: Lectures on Linguistic Invariants. Stanford: CSLI Publications, 2003. 192 pp. Siobhan Chapman, Thinking about Language. Theories of English. Houndsmills and New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006. X + 174 pages. pb (Series: Perspectives on the English Language) Judith Rodby, W. Ross Winterowd, The Uses of Grammar, Oxford: Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press, 2005. xiv + 274 pp. Laura J. Downing, Alan T. Hall and Renate Raffelsiefen (eds), Paradigms in Phonological Theory. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005. 349 pages. Max W. Wheeler, The Phonology of Catalan. (The Phonology of the World’s Languages). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005. XI + 387 pp. Jan-Olof Svantesson, Anna Tsendina, Anastasia Karlson, and Vivan Franzén, The Phonology of Mongolian. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005. Pp. xix + 314. Cliff Goddard, The Languages of East and Southeast Asia. An Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005. pp. xvi + 315.

PUBLIC DIPLOMACY RELATIONS OF UZBEKISTAN WITH MALAYSIA DURING THE YEARS OF INDEPENDENCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Otabek Alimardonov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Government

Today, Malaysia is one of the most developed countries in Southeast Asia and a close partner of Uzbekistan in the region. Taking into account the peculiarities of the development and achievements of the countries of Southeast Asia, the Government of Uzbekistan from the first years of independence has paid special attention to the establishment and development of cooperation with Malaysia

IMPLEMENTASI ALGORITMA K-Modes UNTUK MENENTUKAN STRATEGI MARKETING STMIK BUDI DARMA

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewin Karman Nduru ◽  
Efori Buulolo ◽  
Pristiwanto Pristiwanto
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Data Mining ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Marketing Strategy ◽  
Process Data ◽  
School Students ◽  
The North ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data ◽  
North Sumatra

Universities or institutions that operate in North Sumatra are very many, therefore, of course, competition in accepting new students is very tight, universities or institutions do certain ways or steps to be able to compete with other campuses in gaining interest from community or high school students who will continue their studies to a higher level. STMIK BUDI DARMA Medan (College of Information and Computer Management), is the first computer high school in Medan which was established on March 1, 1996 and received approval from the government through the Minister of Education and Culture, on July 23, 1996 with operating license number 48 / D / O / 1996, in promoting the campus, the team usually formed a promotion team to various regions in the North Sumatra Region to provide information to the community. Students who have learned in this campus are quite a lot who come from various regions in North Sumatra, from this point the need to process data from students who are active in college to be processed using data mining to achieve a target, one method that can be used in data mining, namely the ¬K-Modes clustering (grouping) algorithm. This method is a grouping of student data that will be a help to campus students in promoting, using the K-Modes algorithm is expected to help and become a reference for marketing in determining the marketing strategy STMIK Budi Darma MedanKeywords: STMIK Budi Darma, Marketing Strategy, K-Modes Algorithm.

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