TIME for Kids to Learn Gender Stereotypes: Analysis of Gender and Political Leadership in a Common Social Studies Resource for Children

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Celeste Lay ◽  
Mirya R. Holman ◽  
Angela L. Bos ◽  
Jill S. Greenlee ◽  
Zoe M. Oxley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Studies ◽  
Women Leaders ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Women In Politics ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Elementary Social Studies ◽  
The World ◽  
Children’S Views ◽  
Children’S Expectations

AbstractWhile early gendered messages mold children's expectations about the world, we know relatively little about the depictions of women in politics and exposure to gender stereotypes in elementary social studies curricula. In this article, we examine the coverage of political leaders in the children's magazine TIME for Kids, a source commonly found in elementary school classrooms. Coding all political content from this source over six years, we evaluate the presence of women political leaders and rate whether the leaders are described as possessing gender-stereotypic traits. Our results show that although TIME for Kids covers women leaders in greater proportion than their overall representation in politics, the content of the coverage contains gendered messages that portray politics as a stereotypically masculine field. We show that gendered traits are applied differently to men and to women in politics: feminine and communal traits are more likely to be applied to women leaders, while men and women are equally described as having masculine and agentic traits. Portrayals of women political leaders in stereotype-congruent ways is problematic because early messages influence children's views of gender roles.

scholarly journals Gender Markers in the English Picture of the World

wisdom ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-113
Author(s):  
Iryna HUMENIUK
Keyword(s):  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
English Language ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Background Knowledge ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Double Standards ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Cultural Community ◽  
The World ◽  
English Speaking

Gender is determined as an ideological frame that assembles the idea of what it means to be a man or a woman in a certain culture, a non-linguistic category with linguistic ways of actualization. The article substantiates the key theoretical problems concerning gender-marking based on English phraseology and their influence on the formation of the gender picture of the world. The objective of the current paper is to analyze gender-marked phraseological units of the English language, which are the basic matrices of the phraseological picture of the world of a given cultural community, and to identify the frequency and impact of gender stereotypes on the development of the national picture of the English-speaking community, such as word, phraseology, paremia, text, which contain background knowledge and ways to reflect these meanings in the national picture of the world. The paper’s main conclusion is that the semantic basis of gender markers on the material of English phraseological units predominantly consists of stereotypical-associative units, which are perceived as social activity and characteristics of the images of both sexes with certain asymmetry for male denotata. The connotations of words can illustrate this inequality and the double standards between men and women.

When Do Family Ties Matter? The Duration of Female Suffrage and Women’s Path to High Political Office

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 695-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Baturo ◽  
Julia Gray
Keyword(s):  
Women Leaders ◽  
Female Leadership ◽  
Empirical Modeling ◽  
Women In Politics ◽  
Female Leaders ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Family Ties ◽  
Political Office ◽  
Heads Of State ◽  
Female President

While the percentage of female heads of state in the world has increased to around 10 percent in the 2010s, a female president or prime minister still remains an exception. Recent scholarship has proposed a number of explanations behind this phenomenon, but there exist important gaps. The contribution of this paper is threefold. First, we use new and comprehensive data to undertake a systematic examination of the differences in the personal, education, and career backgrounds between female and male effective political leaders from 1960 to 2010. We find that female leaders are as qualified as men. Second, because the phenomenon of female leadership is still a rare occurrence, we argue that this fact must be accounted for in empirical modeling. Third, we show that many female leaders tend to acquire the necessary resources, support, and name recognition through political dynasties. To that end, women leaders need to rely on family ties more than men do. However, the importance of such connections attenuates when female suffrage has been in place for longer, and citizens are more open to women in politics.

scholarly journals Words matter: political and gender analysis of speeches made by heads of government during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e003910
Author(s):  
Sara Dada ◽  
Henry Charles Ashworth ◽  
Marlene Joannie Bewa ◽  
Roopa Dhatt
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Women Leaders ◽  
Strategic Communication ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The World ◽  
Individual Scale ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Heads Of Government

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has put a spotlight on political leadership around the world. Differences in how leaders address the pandemic through public messages have practical implications for building trust and an effective response within a country.MethodsWe analysed the speeches made by 20 heads of government around the world (Bangladesh, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Dominican Republic, Finland, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, New Zealand, Niger, Norway, Russia, South Africa, Scotland, Sint Maarten, United Kingdom, United States and Taiwan) to highlight the differences between men and women leaders in discussing COVID-19. We used an inductive analytical approach, coding speeches for specific themes based on language and content.FindingsFive primary themes emerged across a total of 122 speeches on COVID-19, made by heads of government: economics and financial relief, social welfare and vulnerable populations, nationalism, responsibility and paternalism, and emotional appeals. While all leaders described the economic impact of the pandemic, women spoke more frequently about the impact on the individual scale. Women leaders were also more often found describing a wider range of social welfare services, including: mental health, substance abuse and domestic violence. Both men and women from lower-resource settings described detailed financial relief and social welfare support that would impact the majority of their populations. While 17 of the 20 leaders used war metaphors to describe COVID-19 and the response, men largely used these with greater volume and frequency.ConclusionWhile this analysis does not attempt to answer whether men or women are more effective leaders in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic, it does provide insight into the rhetorical tools and types of language used by different leaders during a national and international crisis. This analysis provides additional evidence on the differences in political leaders’ messages and priorities to inspire citizens’ adhesion to the social contract in the adoption of response and recovery measures. However, it does not consider the influence of contexts, such as the public audience, on leaders’ strategic communication approaches.

Relevance of Entrepreneurship in TVET

2020 ◽  
pp. 779-801
Author(s):  
Charles O. Ogbaekirigwe ◽  
Ugochukwu Chinonso Okolie
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Resource Management ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
The Political ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
The World

The dynamic and complex nature of societies all over the world, with the evident failure of various levels of government and the private sector to completely solve the nagging problems of man, especially the down trodden, and less privileged, has made greater, the need for specially created and committed men and women to dedicate and sacrifice their resources to cover the gaps created by such failure. On the side of governments, perhaps, the failure result from insufficient fund caused by inadequate or poor resource management, corruption, or share insensitivity of the political leaders. This presented opportunity for citizens to create their own wealth and attempt solving their problems. This chapter therefore presented the importance of entrepreneurship programme in TVET as a means of equipping our youths to be self-reliant, capable of solving their problems and contribute to economic growth and development of their countries.

scholarly journals Gender asymmetries in Portuguese trade unions: The case of the CGTP-IN

2020 ◽  
pp. 135050682097901
Author(s):  
Maria Helena Santos ◽  
Carla Cerqueira ◽  
Rui Vieira Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Women Leaders ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Gender Quotas ◽  
Family Responsibilities ◽  
Union Leadership ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
The World

Gender imbalances persist throughout the world, particularly at leadership level, and equally also visible in the case of trade unions. This article focuses on CGTP-IN, the largest Portuguese trade union confederation, and sets out analysis incorporating both figures from this organisation and accounts by female members of CGTP-IN unions. Results confirm the existence of gender asymmetries, especially at the highest leadership levels. Analysis of the discourses of these women leaders reveals some awareness of the influence of gender on professional relations, placing women at a disadvantage, especially where leadership is concerned. Furthermore, four reasons driving the persistence of these gender asymmetries in trade union leadership/decision-making roles were identified: family responsibilities, gendered professional segregation, masculine trade union cultures and traditional gender stereotypes. Nevertheless, the interviewees resist to means of affirmative action such as gender quotas, and instead prefer to prioritise education and raising awareness around gender equality.

scholarly journals Prawda baśni, czyli trudne tematy Agnieszki Suchowierskiej

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 63-73
Author(s):  
Grażyna Lasoń-Kochańska
Keyword(s):  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Contemporary Culture ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Third ◽  
Snow White ◽  
Social Inequities ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Difficult Subjects

The Truth of the Fairytale – Agnieszka Suchowierska’s Tough IssuesAgnieszka Suchowierska made her debut in 2008 and has published three books so far. Two of them: ‘The fairytale is life or, which fairytale are you from?’ or‘Prince the Snow-White. Gender stereotypes in fairytales’ were written collectively with the well-known psychologist Wojciech Eichelberger. They are tales with appended commentaries in the form of conversations between the authoress and the therapist. Already in her debut novel ‘The fairytale is life’, Suchowierska tackles several difficult subjects and poses important questions such as : how can one see the world?; how to be free?; how to find the essence of things? In ‘Prince the Snow-White”, written a few years later, those questions take on the form of reflection on the woman’s cultural condition. The volume contains new versions of traditional fairytales in which men and women switch their roles. This simple gambit lays bare the power of gender stereotypes and manifests the degree to which contemporary culture allows (or disallows) women to do attractive/enjoyable things traditionally reserved for men only. The third book penned by Suchowierska ‘Mat and the world’ was published in 2015. In as much as the potential target readers of her tales are either young people or adults, the last book is dedicated to still younger readers. It tells the story of a plush teddy-bear, manufactured in China, which, due to a curious twist of circumstances, travels around the world. The bear’s journey becomes a pretext for revealing social inequities as well as presenting different cultures and religions. Mat, the bear, is characterized by optimism, activity and self-control in times of crisis. The propagated attitudes and models of upbringing presented in the story are no truisms. The little volume was awarded The Book of 2015 Literary Prize of the Polish section of IBBY.

Relevance of Entrepreneurship in TVET

2017 ◽  
pp. 311-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles O. Ogbaekirigwe ◽  
Ugochukwu Chinonso Okolie
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Resource Management ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
The Political ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
The World

The dynamic and complex nature of societies all over the world, with the evident failure of various levels of government and the private sector to completely solve the nagging problems of man, especially the down trodden, and less privileged, has made greater, the need for specially created and committed men and women to dedicate and sacrifice their resources to cover the gaps created by such failure. On the side of governments, perhaps, the failure result from insufficient fund caused by inadequate or poor resource management, corruption, or share insensitivity of the political leaders. This presented opportunity for citizens to create their own wealth and attempt solving their problems. This chapter therefore presented the importance of entrepreneurship programme in TVET as a means of equipping our youths to be self-reliant, capable of solving their problems and contribute to economic growth and development of their countries.

scholarly journals Social Criticism on Works of Contemporary Women Story Writers

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Masoomeh Mahmoodi
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Social Criticism ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Made In

Goldmann's genetic structuralism approach is one of the literary critique approaches and believes that the literary text are derived from the ideology governing the classes of society, and focuses on study of stories and their structures to know the social structures. A review of the changes made in the themes and subjects of the works of the Iranian story writers that most of them are from the middle class of society, indicates the growth of awareness and understanding of Iranian women about their identity and individuality and the achievement of conditions beyond what they are. Although in popular stories, most Iranian female storytellers are still interested in the reproduction of traditional gender stereotypes, but female storywriters in the field of transcendental literature have entered the changes made in their cognitive realm to the actions of characters of their stories. This reveals that they seek to understand their own self and place in the world around them. Love and loneliness resulted by the confrontation between men and women are a common theme in these works that have been narrated on the various issues arising from the family and social relationships of women.

scholarly journals Words Matter: Political and gender analysis of speeches made by heads of government during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Dada ◽  
Henry C Ashworth ◽  
Marlene Joannie Bewa ◽  
Roopa Dhatt
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Women Leaders ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Effective Leaders ◽  
Social Welfare Services ◽  
The World ◽  
Individual Scale ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Heads Of Government

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has put a spotlight on political leadership and decision-making around the world. Differences in how leaders address the pandemic through public messages have practical implications for building trust and an effective response within a country. Methods: We analyzed the public statements and speeches made by 20 heads of government around the world (Bangladesh, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Dominican Republic, Finland, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, New Zealand, Niger, Norway, Russia, South Africa, Scotland, Sint Maarten, United Kingdom, United States, Taiwan) to highlight the differences between men and women leaders in discussing COVID-19 and pandemic response. We used a deductive analytical approach, coding speeches for specific themes based on language used and content discussed. Findings: Five primary themes emerged across a total of 122 speeches on COVID-19 made by heads of government: economics and financial relief, social welfare and vulnerable populations, nationalism, responsibility and paternalism, and emotional appeals. While all leaders described the economic impact of the pandemic, women leaders spoke more frequently about the impact on local or individual scale. Women leaders were also more often found describing a wider range of social welfare services, including addressing to: mental health, substance abuse, and domestic violence. Both men and women from lower-resource settings described detailed financial relief and social welfare support that would impact the majority of their citizen population. While 17 of the 20 leaders used war metaphors to describe the COVID-19 virus and response, men largely used these with greater volume and frequency. Conclusion: While this analysis does not attempt to answer whether men or women are more effective leaders in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic, it does provide insight into the rhetorical tools and types of language used by different leaders during a national and international crisis. This language is important because it influences how leaders inspire citizens to adhere to the social contract, and the priorities they highlight and the words they use are meant to resonate with the rest of the nation.

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