scholarly journals Indicators, security and sovereignty during COVID-19 in the Global South

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-260
Author(s):  
John Harrington
Keyword(s):  
Global Governance ◽  
Third World ◽  
Global South ◽  
Governance Mechanisms ◽  
Health Governance ◽  
The Face ◽  
Global North ◽  
The Government

AbstractThe spread of COVID-19 has seen a contest over health governance and sovereignty in Global South states, with a focus on two radically distinct modes: (1) indicators and metrics and (2) securitisation. Indicators have been a vehicle for the government of states through the external imposition and internal self-application of standards and benchmarks. Securitisation refers to the calling-into-being of emergencies in the face of existential threats to the nation. This paper contextualises both historically with reference to the trajectory of Global South states in the decades after decolonisation, which saw the rise and decline of Third-World solidarity and its replacement by neoliberalism and global governance mechanisms in health, as in other sectors. The interaction between these modes and their relative prominence during COVID-19 is studied through a brief case-study of developments in Kenya during the early months of the pandemic. The paper closes with suggestions for further research and a reflection on parallel trends within Global North states.

scholarly journals Dimensions of Urban Blight in Emerging Southern Cities: A Case Study of Accra-Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8399
Author(s):  
Sally Adofowaa Mireku ◽  
Zaid Abubakari ◽  
Javier Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Global South ◽  
Economic Decline ◽  
City Development ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Population Loss ◽  
Land Transfer ◽  
Urban Blight ◽  
Global North

Urban blight functions inversely to city development and often leads to cities’ deterioration in terms of physical beauty and functionality. While the underlying causes of urban blight in the context of the global north are mainly known in the literature to be population loss, economic decline, deindustrialisation and suburbanisation, there is a research gap regarding the root causes of urban blight in the global south, specifically in prime areas. Given the differences in the property rights regimes and economic growth trajectories between the global north and south, the underlying reasons for urban blight cannot be assumed to be the same. This study, thus, employed a qualitative method and case study approach to ascertain in-depth contextual reasons and effects for urban blight in a prime area, East Legon, Accra-Ghana. Beyond economic reasons, the study found that socio-cultural practices of landholding and land transfer in Ghana play an essential role in how blighted properties emerge. In the quest to preserve cultural heritage/identity, successors of old family houses (the ancestral roots) do their best to stay in them without selling or redeveloping them. The findings highlight the less obvious but relevant functions that blighted properties play in the city core at the micro level of individual families in fostering social cohesion and alleviating the need to pay higher rents. Thus, in the global south, we conclude that there is a need to pay attention to the less obvious roles that so-called blighted properties perform and to move beyond the default negative perception that blighted properties are entirely problematic.

scholarly journals Reframing refugee crisis: A “European crisis of migration” or a “crisis of protection”?

2021 ◽  
pp. 239965442198970
Author(s):  
Maissaa Almustafa
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Global South ◽  
Global Media ◽  
Developing Regions ◽  
International Protection ◽  
High Commissioner ◽  
The Face ◽  
Global North ◽  
Displaced People ◽  
Resettlement Programs

The end of 2015 witnessed a global record in the number of forcibly displaced people fleeing because of wars and persecution. The unprecedented total of 65.3 million displaced individuals, out of which 21.3 million were refugees, was the highest number that the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) has recorded since its establishment in 1950. During the same year and in the face of this large-scale crisis, only 107,100 refugees were admitted for resettlement through official resettlement programs, whereas 3.2 million people applied for asylum globally. And in spite of the fact that the majority of the world refugees are hosted in ten developing regions, the dominant narrative in the global media was about the “unauthorized” arrival of more than one million asylum seekers in Europe by sea during 2015. This paper argues that the unexpected nature of refugees’ arrivals has proven that refugees were supposed to be contained in their camps in the Global South, deterred from reaching the territories of the Global North, represented here by Europe. Thus, the paper proposes that these arrivals are rather reflections of a crisis of protection that developed in the Global South where containment and deterrence strategies against refugees from the Global South exacerbate their inhumane displacement conditions in home regions. In the same context, the paper discusses how international protection structures have been reconstructed to serve the same goals of containment and deterrence, with the ultimate aim of putting people ‘back in place’ with minimal access to protection and rights.

scholarly journals Pengelolaan Keuangan Pemerintah di Masa Pandemi Covid 19 (Kasus Pada Pemerintah Provinsi Riau)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-48
Author(s):  
Yesi Mutia Basri ◽  
Gusnardi Gusnardi
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Data Display ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to observe how local government financial management is in the face of the Covid-19 Pandemic—in particular, observing how budgeting, administration, and accountability of the Riau Provincial Government regarding the Covid-19 Pandemic. The research method used is a qualitative method with a type of case study. The data collection techniques used in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. To ensure the validity of the data, triangulation was carried out by carrying out source triangulation and technical triangulation. The informants in this study consisted of key informants, primary informants, and supporting informants. Key informants are the head of the budget, the head of the treasury, and the head of the accounting and reporting sub-section. While the primary informants and supporting informants were selected using the snowball sampling technique. Data analysis was carried out by collecting data, reducing data display data, and making conclusions. The results of the analysis show that the impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic caused the Riau Provincial Government to refocus and reallocate the budget four times. At the administrative and accountability stages, there are problems with recording Unexpected Expenditures, namely the absence of technical guidelines regarding the administration of Unexpected Expenditures, determining spending limits for emergencies and urgency. Another problem is the absence of valid data for the distribution of aid funds for MSMEs affected by Covid-19 as well as valid documents in the recording of grant assistance from third parties. This research contributes to the government in making policies in financial management in a disaster emergency.Keyword: The Covid-19 Pandemic, Financial Management, Refocusing, Reallocation, Administration, Accountability AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengobservasi bagaimana pengelolaan keuangan Pemerintah Daerah dalam menghadapi Pandemi Covid-19 ini. Secara khusus mengobservasi bagaimana penganggaran, penatausahaan dan pertanggungjawan Pemerintah Provinsi Riau terkait Pandemi Covid-19. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan jenis studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara medalam, observasi dan dokumentasi. Untuk meyakinkan keabsahan data, triangilasi dilakukan dengan melaksanakan triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi teknik. Informan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari informan kunci, informan utama dan informan pendukung. Informan kunci adalah Kabid anggaran, kabid perbendaharaan dan kasubid akuntansi dan pelaporan. Sedangkan informan utama dan informan pendukung dipilih dengan teknik snowball sampling. Analisis data dilakukan  dengan tahap pengumpulan data, reduksi data display data dan melakukan membuat kesimpulan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa Dampak Pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan Pemerintah Provinsi Riau melakukan refocusing dan realokasi anggaran sebanyak empat kali pergeseran anggaran. Pada tahap penatausahaan dan pertanggungjawaban terdapat permasalahan pencatatan pada Belanja Tidak Terduga yaitu tidak adanya juknis tentang penatausahaan Belanja Tidak Terduga, penentuan batasan belanja untuk keadaan darurat dan mendesak.  Permasalahan lainnya yaitu tidak  adanya data yang valid untuk penyaluran dana  bantuan bagi UMKM yang terdampak Covid-19 serta dokumen yang valid dalam pencatatan bantuan hibah dari pihak ke tiga. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi kepada pemerintah dalam membuat kebijakan dalam pengelolaan keuangan pada keadaan darurat bencana. Kata Kunci :  Pandemi Covid-19, Pengelolaan Keungan, Refocusing, Realokasi, Penatausahaan, Pertanggungjawaban

Urban Politics and Policy in a Southern Urban Planet

2020 ◽  
pp. 155-178
Author(s):  
Garth Myers
Keyword(s):  
Urban Studies ◽  
Urban Politics ◽  
Global South ◽  
City Government ◽  
New Towns ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Global North ◽  
Policy Mobilities ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation Strategies

This chapter examines the urban studies literatures on urban politics and policy mobilities, from postcolonial southern perspectives. Analysis of urban politics is in flux within global urban studies. For years, the predominant focus of global North urban studies in analyzing urban politics resided with understanding growth machines and urban. Recently, there has been a general change in focus from discreet units at scale (i.e. a city government) to a ‘relational’ approach. What does this work look like, viewed from the global South? How do urbanists from the global South or those focused on its cities approach these arenas of scholarship? The chapter seeks answers to these questions with specific policies in mind. specific policies examined include participatory budgeting, bus rapid transit, enclave urbanization (new towns or satellite cities), sister city relationships, and climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies. Case study material from Hartford, San Juan, Zanzibar and Dongguan helps to show different ways in which South-South connectivities shape politics, governance and urban cultures at both ends.

scholarly journals Truth and Method in Southern Criminology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Brown
Keyword(s):  
Global South ◽  
Ethical Conduct ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Ethical Practice ◽  
Social Science History ◽  
Penal Reform ◽  
Global North ◽  
Critical Social Science ◽  
Truth And Method

AbstractWhat does it mean to “do” southern criminology? What does this entail and what demands should it place on us as criminologists ethically and methodologically? This article addresses such questions through a form dialogue between the Global North and the Global South. At the center of this dialogue is a set of questions about ethical conduct in the pursuit of knowledge and understanding in human relations. These develop into a conversation that engages South Asian scholars working at the forefront of critical social science, history and theory with a foundational text of European hermeneuticist theory and practice, Hans-Georg Gadamer’s Truth and Method, published in 1960. Out of this exercise in communication across culture, histories and knowledge practices emerges a new kind of dialogue and a new way of thinking about ethical practice in criminology. To give such abstractions a concrete reference point, the article illustrates their possibilities and tensions through a case study of penal reform and the question of whether so-called “failed” Northern penal methods—like the prison—should be exported to the Global South. The article thus works dialogically back and forth through these scholars’ accounts of ethical conduct, research practice, the weight of history, and the work of theory with a very concrete and common criminological context in sight. The result is what might be understood as a norm of ethical engagement and an epistemology of dialogue.

Indonesia’s South–South cooperation: when normative and material interests converged

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poppy S Winanti ◽  
Rizky Alif Alvian
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Domestic Politics ◽  
Global South ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Normative Approach ◽  
Material Interests ◽  
Global North ◽  
Political Configuration

AbstractThis article analyzes how and why contemporary Global South countries’ South–South cooperation (SSC) exhibits a convergence between normative and material interests. The normative approach underlines that SSC is driven by a country’s experience with colonialism and underdevelopment. SSC is perceived as a mechanism to alter the Global South’s asymmetrical relations with the dominant Global North. The material approach highlights the strategic values of SSC for Southern powers. Through SSC, Southern countries desire to improve their reputation, garner support from other South countries in international fora, and pursue their own broader economic agendas. By utilizing domestic politics analysis, Indonesia’s experience shows that a more pragmatic approach to SSC reflects a broader transformation of Indonesia’s domestic political configuration. While Indonesia’s early practices of SSC prefer normative over material interests, the country’s current policies display a convergence of its material and normative interests, which signifies the emergence of ‘interest-based Third World solidarity’.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT BASED ON VILLAGE FUNDS (CASE STUDY OF SEI ROTAN VILLAGE, PERCUT SEI TUAN DISTRICT)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahyudin Situmeang
Keyword(s):  
Development Planning ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Fund Allocation ◽  
Fund Development ◽  
The Face ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
The Government ◽  
Village Government ◽  
The Village

So far, the government has realized the village fund budget every year. Therefore, every village government is obliged to make development plans that can support the welfare of the community by prioritizing community priorities or needs. The purpose of this study was to analyze the village fund allocation policies in village development planning. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques are carried out by observation and interviews, then analyzed using qualitative analysis techniques. Data processing is done by reducing, categorizing, and concluding and presenting data. The results of this study found that so far the village fund allocation policies have been implemented well, such as meeting basic needs, building facilities and infrastructure, developing local economic potential, and utilizing natural and environmental resources. Likewise the face of the regional planning of Sei Rotan Village by using the Village Fund budget has been able to leverage the improvement of Village welfare. However, the problem is that the planned program has not been fully fulfilled due to limited human resources and budget. The regional development realized with village funds is the construction of roads, bridges and drainage at flood-prone points. The land use pattern of the Sei Rotan area shows the expansion of the built-in land in the form of developer housing and community villagesKeywords: Village Fund, Development, TerritoryPemerintah sejauh ini telah merealisasikan anggaran dana desa setiap tahunnya. Oleh karena itu, setiap pemerintah desa wajib membuat perencanaan pembangunan yang dapat mendukung kesejahteraan masyarakat dengan mengutamakn perioritas atau kebutuhan masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kebijakan alokasi dana desa dalam perencanaa pembangunan wilayah desa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif.. Tehnik pengumpulan data dilaksanakan dengan observasi dan wawancara, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan tehnik analisis kualitatif. Pengolahn data dilakukan dengan mereduksi, mengkategorisasikan, dan menyimpulkan dan menyajikan data. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa selama ini kebijakan alokasi dana desa telah dilaksanakan dengan baik seperti pemenuhan kebutuhan dasar, pembangunan sarana dan prasarana, pengembangan potensi ekonomi lokal, dan pemanfaatan sumber daya alam dan lingkungan. Demikian halnya wajah perencanaan wilayah Desa Sei Rotan dengan menggunakan anggaran Dana Desa telah mampu mengungkit peningkatan kesejahteraan Desa. Namun permasalahannya belum sepenuhnya program yang direncanakan terpenuhi dikarenakan keterbatasan sumberdaya manusia dan  anggaran. Adapun pengembangan wilayah yang terealisasi dengan dana desa adalah pembangunan jalan, jembatan, drainase pada titik-titik rawan banjir. Pola pemanfaatan lahan kawasan Sei Rotan memperlihatkan perluasan lahan terbangun dalam wujud perumahan pengembang maupun perkampungan masyarakat.Kata kunci: Dana Desa, Pembangunan, Wilayah

scholarly journals Transnational Science Cooperation for Sustainable Development

2020 ◽  
pp. 59-88
Author(s):  
Anna Schwachula
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
National Level ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
Governance Mechanisms ◽  
Research Cooperation ◽  
Global North ◽  
Traditional Patterns ◽  
Development Paradigm ◽  
North And South

AbstractWith the 2030 Agenda, the development paradigm has shifted towards global sustainable development, but modes of cooperation between actors in the Global North and South still cling to traditional patterns of cooperation, reproducing antiquated knowledge hierarchies. Departing from technical cooperation, transnational research cooperation may be a more equitable mode of cooperation with the potential of developing innovative solutions for sustainable development. Yet, its potential is not fully realised. Science policies on the national level and global governance mechanisms need to set a beneficial framework, ensuring that expectations of partnerships and outcomes for global sustainable development can be met. The current incoherence of national science and development cooperation policies may be aggravated by existing gaps in global governance mechanisms in view of sustainability-oriented transnational research cooperation.

scholarly journals Rallying round the flag of the Star of David during the first wave of Covid-19: Increased popular support for Netanyahu in the time of crisis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shingo Hamanaka
Keyword(s):  
Prime Minister ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Popular Support ◽  
National Crisis ◽  
Death Toll ◽  
The Face ◽  
Rally Effect ◽  
The Government

The new coronavirus epidemic was perceived as a national crisis, and Israel mobilized all its security agencies to formulate countermeasures. Prime Minister Netanyahu seems to have successfully capitalized on this national crisis to boost support for himself in the short term. Prime Minister However, as discussed below, even if the growing death toll from the outbreak was reversed, there were other countries whose successes did not translate into increased support for the government, one of which was Japan.This study analyzes the surge in support for the prime minister during the first wave of the coronavirus epidemic in Israel within the framework of the rally effect. Israel was chosen as a case study for two reasons. First, the country was repeatedly polled during the first wave of infection. Second, a special policy that met the requirements for natural experimentation—a strict compartmentalized blockade limited to certain areas—had been in place for a while. These two conditions mean that a study of Israel during the first wave of the epidemic will allow us to make discoveries about the conditions under which a society supports its political leaders in the face of a national crisis.

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