Kola-pod husk as a partial substitute for maize in layer diets

2000 ◽  
Vol 2000 ◽  
pp. 121-121
Author(s):  
O. Olubamiwa ◽  
E. A. Iyayi ◽  
E.A. Ayodele ◽  
B.A. Adebowale
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Laying Hen ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Feed Resources ◽  
Alternative Feed ◽  
Cocoa Pod Husk ◽  
Small Holder ◽  
By Products ◽  
Rural Poultry

The continued search for alternative feed resources for poultry in Africa is necessitated by the competition between people and poultry for cereal grains. Several farm and agro-industrial by-products have been evaluated for this purpose in West-Africa. One of such by-products, cocoa-pod husk (CPH) has shown promise in laying hen diets in Ghana and Nigeria (Osei et al., 1991; Sobamiwa, 1998). Another farm by-product sharing several similarities with CPH but of higher crude protein and lower crude fibre contents is Kola-pod husk (KPH). Nigeria produces 70% of world kola (Cola nitida Vent) and consequently the bulk of KPH which is estimated at 210,000 tones annually (Ogutuga, 1975). The present study investigates the partial replacement of maize with KPH in laying hen diets in South Western Nigeria. This is the region of kola production and it is characterized by small holder rural poultry farms which could easily adopt the findings of this study.

scholarly journals Proximate composition of Malaysian local sweet potatoes

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S1) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
N.A. Zulkifli ◽  
M.Z.M. Nor ◽  
F.N. Omar ◽  
A. Sulaiman ◽  
M.N. Mokhtar
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
By Products ◽  
Different Parts

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) is one of the main crops worldwide. However, systematic properties characterization of this crop is still required, particularly on the Malaysian local sweet potatoes. Hence, this study aims to determine the proximate composition and the energy value of five common varieties of local sweet potato (Anggun 1, Anggun 2, Anggun 3, White, and VitAto) in Malaysia. For each variety, three different parts of the tuberous root which were the skin, the cortex, and the mixture of cambium and parenchyma were characterized. The findings indicated that VitAto exhibited the highest starch (16.95% – 17.17%) and crude protein (0.86% – 1.15%) contents in all parts as compared to other varieties, hence reflecting its potentials to be further processed for a mass starch production. Among all the parts, the skin contained the highest crude protein, crude fat, ash and crude fibre, which can be further utilized to produce by-products such as animal feed. The findings in this study serve as a baseline for the future starch and byproducts production from local sweet potatoes.

scholarly journals Distillers feeds from various grains as protein sources for pigs

1985 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-262
Author(s):  
Matti Näsi
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Lysine Content ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Cellulase Treatment ◽  
By Products

The nutrient digestibility and protein utilization of distillery feeds derived from dehulled barley, rye and wheat were studied with growing pigs receiving one of eleven diets in which the protein sources were BDDGS, RDDGS, WDDGS, BDDG, BDS or SBM. In a second trial BDDGS and BDDG were compared with the same feeds treated prior to cooking with cellulase enzyme. The diets, consisting of barley and distillers feed, were fortified with L-lysine and DL-methionine to achieve levels of 13.0 % DCP, 0.80 % lysine and 0.56 % S amino acids. The distillery by-products contained crude protein 24.8—41.5 %, crude fat 6.3—9.5 %, crude fibre 7.1 10.3 %, ADF 18.2—22.9%, NDF 33.3—43.7 % and ADL 8.7—11.3 % on a dry basis. Their lysine content was 0.43—1.36 % of DM and their S amino acid content 0.58—1.36 %. The digestibilities of organic matter and crude protein were 56—83 and 56—79 %. DDGS from rye had low digestibilities and barley distillers solubles high. The cellulase treatment decreased the OM and CP digestibilities by 6.4—10.4 and 15.3—15.4 % units, respectively. FU/kg DM varied from 0.63 to 0.84 and DCP from 177 to 405 g/FU. The N retention of the BDDGS, RDDGS, WDDGS, BDDG, BDS and SBM diets was, respectively, 21.7, 21.1, 24.2, 23.0, 17.7 and 24.6 g/d (P < 0.01) and the biological values were 55, 60, 59, 56, 55 and 66. The daily gains varied from 700 to 762 g. The data indicated that distillery by-products could replace soybean meal quite satisfactorily as a protein source in amino acid-fortified diets.

scholarly journals Evaluation of barley distillers dried grains with soluble, and condensed distillers solubles in the diet of growing pigs

1984 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-226
Author(s):  
Matti Näsi
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Distillers Dried Grains ◽  
By Products

Two digestibility and nitrogen balance trials were conducted to evaluate the feed value of barley-derived distillers dried grains with solubles (BDDGS) and semisolid distillers solubles from barley and wheat (BDS and WDS) in rations for growing pigs. The average crude protein, lysine, crude fibre and neutral detergent fibre contents of BDDGS, BDS and WDS were, respectively: 30.6, 20.6, 30.7 %; 1.7, 1.7, 2.6 g/16 g N; 16.1, 2.0, 3.1 %; 69.4, 2.3, 7,1 %. Available lysine was greatly reduced in all samples. The distillery by-products composed 33 % of diet DM in the barley based rations. The control diet was a mixture of barley and skim milk powder. The organic matter and crude protein digestibilities of BDDGS, BDS and WDS were 40.5, 80.4, 85.0 % and 52.4, 46.9, 77.5 %, respectively. Their FU values and DCP values were 0.50, 0.94, 0.94/kg DM and 319, 102,253 g/FU. on the WDS diet, nitrogen retention, as g/d, was similar to that on the control diet, but on the diets with barley distillery products it was reduced due to the lower amount of protein absorbed, especially the lower lysine intake. Barley distillers by-products proved to have low feed values for pigs in this study, but the value for WDS was quite reasonable. The new integrated starch ethanol process can be expected to yield more suitable fractions for use in pig rations.

scholarly journals Feeding strategies for improving ruminant productivity in the post-COVID 19 pandemic era particularly for small holders

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-94
Author(s):  
Dennis P. Poppi ◽  
Kusmartono Kusmartono ◽  
Kasmyati Kasmyati ◽  
Simon P Quigley ◽  
Karen J Harper
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Feed Resources ◽  
Local Fluctuations ◽  
Small Holders ◽  
Funded Project ◽  
Metabolisable Energy ◽  
The Cost ◽  
By Products

COVID-19 has highlighted the need for robust cattle supply chains using local feed resources. Higher Income Over Food Costs (IOFC) are usually achieved when live weight gains are high and the cost of the ingredients are low. There is a need to formulate rations with high metabolisable energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) to achieve the high live weight gain. Rations can be formulated locally by farmer co-operatives, entrepreneurs and local commercial enterprises to take advantage of cheaper prices for local ingredients. To do this, rations need to be altered quickly to take advantage of local fluctuations in prices and availability of ingredients. A recent ACIAR funded project has developed a least cost ration (ACIAR LCR) system to formulate rations to meet minimum ME and CP contents for beef cattle using locally available ingredients. The use of cassava and its various products in combination with protein sources, such as tree legumes and high protein by-products, have markedly improved IOFC.

The nutritive value of dried spent hops

1927 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Davies ◽  
R. S. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Linseed Cake ◽  
Spent Hops ◽  
By Products ◽  
Very High

Dried spent hops possess a high absorptive capacity, and attention is drawn to its use as a “filler” to absorb such by-products as molasses and treacle.The material possesses a high crude protein value and its ether extract is very high for a fibrous food, while the amount of crude fibre is the same as in good meadow hay. There is a high percentage of mineral matter present.The digestibility of the material has been determined by feeding with hay chaff and linseed cake meal to three sheep. The spent hops were not readily eaten and could only be included in a ration in an amount equal to one-seventh of the dry weight of the total ration.Its digestibility is low, a fifth of the crude protein and the nitrogenfree extractives, one-half of the ether extract, one-twentieth of the crude fibre and one-fifth of the total organic matter only being digestible. The production starch equivalent was 24.5.

scholarly journals Distillers dried by-products from barley as protein source for ruminants

1984 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-219
Author(s):  
Matti Näsi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Lysine Content ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Distillers Dried Grains ◽  
Limited Protein ◽  
By Products ◽  
In Sacco

The nutritive value of barley-derived distillers dried grains (BDDG) and distillers dried grains with solubles (BDDGS) was assessed in digestibility and in sacco rumen degradability experiments. The crude protein contents of BDDG and BDDGS were 26.4 % and 29.9 %, and the crude fibre contents 19.9 % and 17.4 % in DM, respectively. The ADF and NDF contents averaged 33 % and 67 % and the lignin 7.6 % of DM. The digestibilities of the nutrients were measured with four rams in both trials and the distillers by-products were given at two levels, 33 % and 66 %, in hay-based rations. The digestibilities in BDDG and BDDGS were, respectively, 43.1 % and 47.7 % for organic matter, 64.5 % and 66.5 % for crude protein, and 86.7 % and 87.9 % for ether extract. Due to the low digestibilities, the energy values of the two products were low, 0.58 FU/kg DM and 8.0 MJ/kg for both, and DCP/FU 295g for BDDG and 347 g for BDDGS. The rumen degradability of the crude protein of BDDG and BDDGS was found to be low and significantly lower than the degradability of wheat distillery by-products (P < 0.05). Fine grinding gave more rapid degradability. Due to the low total digestibility and reduced lysine content, BDDG and BDDGS may have limited protein availability when given as supplements.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF USING PRICKLY PEAR AND ITS BY-PRODUCTS AS ALTERNATIVE FEED RESOURCES ON PERFORMANCE OF GROWING RABBIT.

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fawzia Amer ◽  
Samia Mobaraz ◽  
Mohamed Basyony ◽  
Khalid Mahrose ◽  
Shawky El-Medany
Keyword(s):  
Prickly Pear ◽  
Feed Resources ◽  
Alternative Feed ◽  
By Products

Preliminary results of the optimization of biogas production at the biogas station of the national research institute of animal production in Grodziec Sląski – Kostkowice

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
K. Węglarzy ◽  
Yu. Shliva ◽  
B. Matros ◽  
G. Sych
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Organic Mass ◽  
National Research Institute ◽  
Digestion Process ◽  
By Products

Aim. To optimize the methane digestion process while using different recipes of substrate components of ag- ricultural origin. Methods. The chemical composition of separate components of the substrate of agricultural by-products, industrial wastes, fats of the agrorefi nery and corn silage was studied. Dry (organic) mass, crude protein (fat) fi ber, loose ash, nitrogen-free exhaust were estimated in the components and the productivity of biogas was determined along with the methane content. These data were used as a basis for daily recipes of the substrate and the analysis of biogas production at the biogas station in Kostkowice. Results. The application of by-products of agricultural production solves the problem of their storage on boards and in open containers, which reduces investment costs, related to the installation of units for their storage. Conclusions. The return on investment for obtaining electric energy out of agricultural biogas depends considerably on the kind of the substrate used and on technological and market conditions.

Proximal and Functional Properties of Edible Ripened Split Beans of Coastal Wild Legume Canavalia maritima

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-233
Author(s):  
Prabhavathi Supriya ◽  
Kandikere R. Sridhar
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Protein Solubility ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Protein Rich

Background: Utilization of wild legumes has received prime importance in the recent past to compensate the scarcity of protein-rich foods as well as to tackle the protein energy malnutrition. Ripened split beans of Canavalia maritima devoid of seed coat and testa serve as traditional nutraceutical source for the coastal dwellers of Southwest India. Objective: The present study projects proximal and functional attributes of uncooked and cooked ripened split beans of C. maritima to be used in the preparation of functional foods. Methods: Proximal properties (moisture, crude protein, total lipids, crude fibre, carbohydrates and calorific value) and functional properties (protein solubility, gelation capacity, water-absorption, oilabsorption, emulsion qualities and foam qualities) of split beans were evaluated by standard methods. Results: Cooking did not significantly changed the crude protein, total lipids, ash, carbohydrates and calorific value, while it significantly increased the crude fibre. The protein solubility, water-absorption capacity, foam capacity and foam stability were significantly higher in uncooked than cooked beans. The cooked beans were superior to uncooked beans in least gelation concentration, low oil-absorption capacity, emulsion activity and emulsion stability. Conclusion: The functional properties of split bean flours were influenced by the proximal components like crude protein, total lipids and crude fibre. The energy-rich ripened split beans of C. maritima can serve as a new potential source for production of value added functional foods owing to their rich protein, rich carbohydrates, low-lipid and potential bioactive attributes.

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