The role of biotechnology in enhancing the digestion of forage cell walls by ruminants (jerry hughes scholarship)

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0308229600028403 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 1995 ◽

pp. 73-73

Author(s):

E. R. Deaville

Keyword(s):

Genetic Engineering ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Genetic Manipulation ◽

Animal Health ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

Livestock Production ◽

Service Industries ◽

Animal Nutrition ◽

Rumen Microbes

The term biotechnology has been defined as the application of biological organisms, systems or processes to manufacture and service industries (Anon, 1980) and is, therefore, more than the application of ‘genetic engineering’ techniques alone. The potential application of biotechnology to the agricultural livestock industry includes many wide ranging areas: animal health; breeding; livestock production; livestock nutrition and the nutritive value of feeds. The role of biotechnology in animal nutrition and feeding is of particular importance since feed costs account for a significant proportion of the total variable costs in any livestock production system (e.g. milk, meat). The potential implications of biotechnology in animal nutrition has been reviewed by Armstrong (1986) and includes references to the improvement of the nutritive value of feeds through, for example, genetic manipulation of feed sources (cereals), appropriate supplementation and the use of biological inoculants with or without enzymes as silage additives and to improvements in the ability of the animal to obtain nutrients from feeds through the addition of enzymes to feeds and modification of rumen microbes through genetic engineering.

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RUMINANT NUTRITION SYMPOSIUM: Tiny but mighty: the role of the rumen microbes in livestock production

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/sky331 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 96 (10) ◽

pp. 4481-4481 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kristi M Cammack ◽

Kathleen J Austin ◽

William R Lamberson ◽

Gavin C Conant ◽

Hannah C Cunningham

Keyword(s):

Livestock Production ◽

Ruminant Nutrition ◽

Rumen Microbes

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The role of animal nutrition in improving the nutritive value of animal-derived foods in relation to chronic disease

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1079/pns2005448 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 64 (3) ◽

pp. 395-402 ◽

Cited By ~ 77

Author(s):

D. I. Givens

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Financial Incentives ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Animal Nutrition ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

The Uk

Foods derived from animals are an important source of nutrients in the diet; for example, milk and meat together provide about 60 and 55% of the dietary intake of Ca and protein respectively in the UK. However, certain aspects of some animal-derived foods, particularly their fat and saturated fatty acid (SFA) contents, have led to concerns that these foods substantially contribute to the risk of CVD, the metabolic syndrome and other chronic diseases. In most parts of Europe dairy products are the greatest single dietary source of SFA. The fatty acid composition of various animal-derived foods is, however, not constant and can, in many cases, be enhanced by animal nutrition. In particular, milk fat with reduced concentrations of the C12–16SFA and an increased concentration of 18:1 MUFA is achievable, although enrichment with very-long-chainn-3 PUFA is much less efficient. However, there is now evidence that some animal-derived foods (notably milk products) contain compounds that may actively promote long-term health, and research is urgently required to fully characterise the benefits associated with the consumption of these compounds and to understand how the levels in natural foods can be enhanced. It is also vital that the beneficial effects are not inadvertently destroyed in the process of reducing the concentrations of SFA. In the future the role of animal nutrition in creating foods closer to the optimum composition for long-term human health is likely to become increasingly important, but production of such foods on a scale that will substantially affect national diets will require political and financial incentives and great changes in the animal production industry.

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The Role of Veterinary Vaccines in Livestock Production, Animal Health, and Public Health

Veterinary Vaccines ◽

10.1002/9781119506287.ch1 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

James A. Roth ◽

Matthew R. Sandbulte

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Animal Health ◽

Livestock Production

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BIOTECHNOLOGY IN ANIMAL SCIENCE: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas85-063 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 65 (3) ◽

pp. 525-526

Author(s):

JAN S. GAVORA

Keyword(s):

Genetic Engineering ◽

Key Words ◽

Livestock Production ◽

Living Cells ◽

Animal Production ◽

Animal Science ◽

Challenges And Opportunities ◽

Production Research ◽

Rumen Microflora

Several new, powerful techniques for the manipulation of living cells and their components are globally referred to as biotechnology. They have the potential to bring about dramatic improvements in livestock production. The Symposium papers that follow review the relevant advances and consider the role of biotechnology in future animal production research. Key words: Biotechnology, animal science, genetic engineering, rumen microflora, embryo manipulation

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Through ruminant nutrition to human health: role of fatty acids

Advances in Animal Biosciences ◽

10.1017/s2040470016000133 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 200-207 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

G. Savoini ◽

G. Farina ◽

V. Dell’Orto ◽

D. Cattaneo

Keyword(s):

Human Health ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Dairy Products ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Animal Health ◽

Animal Nutrition ◽

Immune Functions ◽

Fa Composition ◽

Nutritional Strategies

In the last decades, a new awareness on human nutrition has increased and the concept of ‘food’ has changed from ‘source of nutrients for body’s needs’ to ‘health promoter’. Fruits and vegetables have always been considered beneficial for human health. More recent studies have demonstrated that bioactive components are also present in animal-derived foods, such as milk and dairy products. A broader concept of ‘nutritional safety’ implies the knowledge of how the nutrients contained in animal-derived foods positively affect human health, and how to increase their content. The improvement of dairy products fatty acid (FA) composition can involve strategies in animal nutrition. This review aims to discuss the role of FAs supplementation in ameliorating milk fat composition, environmental impact and animal health. In particular, we have focused on the role of n-3 and CLA FAs and how animal nutrition strategies can positively affect both human and animal health. Several studies have demonstrated that through adequate nutritional strategies is possible to manipulate and improve FA composition of milk and derived products (cheese). Moreover, feeding animals with n-3 FAs has proved to reduce emission of methane (CH4), but further nutritional strategies are needed in order to address this crucial environmental issue. In relation to animal health, n-3 FAs have been proved to modulate immune and inflammatory response in dairy ruminants. Recent studies have addressed the potential programming effects of increased maternal n-3 polyunsaturated FAs intake on offspring’s immune functions showing that feeding bioactive FAs to pregnant animals can affect progeny health status.

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A Review Regarding the Use of Molasses in Animal Nutrition

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11010115 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 115

Author(s):

Attilio Luigi Mordenti ◽

Elisa Giaretta ◽

Luca Campidonico ◽

Paola Parazza ◽

Andrea Formigoni

Keyword(s):

Nutritive Value ◽

Closed Loop ◽

Livestock Production ◽

Animal Nutrition ◽

Ruminal Fermentation ◽

Economic Costs ◽

Swine Production ◽

The Past ◽

Liquid Feed ◽

Environmental Status

In the past fifty years, agriculture, and particularly livestock production, has become more resource-intensive, with negative implications regarding world environmental status. Currently, the circular economy 3R principles (to reduce, reuse and recycle materials) can offer many opportunities for the agri-food industry to become more resource-efficient. The closed-loop agri-food supply chain has the great potential of reducing environmental and economic costs, which result from food waste disposal. To meet these principles, the use of crop byproducts, such as molasses, in animal nutrition improves the nutritive value of coarse and poorly desired feedstuff, which could present a real opportunity. The aims of this study were to summarize the possible applications of molasses for animal nutrition, to improve hay and silage quality for beef and dairy cattle, to enhance industrial byproduct values using liquid feed in swine production, and to improve extensive livestock production with feed blocks. The study focused on both feed characteristics, based on molasses, and on ruminal fermentation of its carbohydrates; the techniques of the production, conservation and administration of molasses to animals have been widely described as being capable of positively influencing animal performance, milk and meat quality.

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Biotechnology — the possibilities

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1357729800042661 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 57 (03) ◽

pp. 335-352

Author(s):

J. J. Robinson ◽

T. G. McEvoy

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Recombinant Dna ◽

Animal Health ◽

Genetic Selection ◽

Animal Production ◽

Genetically Engineered ◽

Primary Role ◽

Animal Science

AbstractA review of recent trends in animal science is used to provide a flavour of how, from a purely technical viewpoint, evolving biotechnology may influence animal production systems in the foreseeable future. The areas considered are: the nutritive value of foods and forages, animal health and welfare, the temporary alteration of production traits to meet an immediate goal, and the permanent alteration of traits to meet an immediate goal, and the permanent alteration of traits by genetic selection or by the production of transgenic animals. In improving the nutritive value of foods, modern biotechnology has produced food grade enzymes and amino acid supplements. Genetically engineered cereals, grasses and legumes, rich in essential amino acids, are on the horizon. In disease prevention, genetically engineered vaccines may be preferable to conventional ones in that they have a defined composition, with a degree of control during manufacture which allows amino acid substitution within the peptide to confer specificity to a particular serotype.Modern techniques with the potential to promote a transitory alteration in a production trait involve either immunization against an inhibitory biochemical pathway or active promotion of a stimulatory pathway by the administration of recombinant-derived hormones and proteins. Strategies for permanent alteration of traits by gene transfer, initially directed to enhancing growth, are now shifting in emphasis towards the transfer of genes for enhanced nutrient digestion, disease resistance, and improved product quality. The role of recombinant DNA technology in the development of diagnostic probes for use in genetic selection programmes and in the monitoring of disease is also expanding rapidly.In all areas of animal science, molecular biology is promoting a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms that control production. By so doing it should ensure that science fulfils its primary rôle of providing animal production industries with a range of options from which to choose the most acceptable way forward.

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