Low power front-end architecture dedicated to the multistandard simultaneous reception

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 505-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioan Burciu ◽  
Guillaume Villemaud ◽  
Jacques Verdier ◽  
Matthieu Gautier
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Mobile Telecommunications ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Front End ◽  
Analog Front End ◽  
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System ◽  
Study Case ◽  
Simulation Results

In this paper, we address the architecture of multistandard simultaneous reception receivers and we aim to reduce the complexity and the power consumption of the analog front-end. To this end, we propose an architecture using the double orthogonal translation technique in order to multiplex two signals received on different frequency bands. A study case concerning the simultaneous reception of 802.11 g and Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) signals is developed in this article. Theoretical and simulation results show that this type of multiplexing does not significantly influence the evolution of the signal-to-noise ratio of the signals. In the same time a 30% reduction of the power consumption is expected as well as a significant reduction of the complexity.

scholarly journals A Versatile Analog Electronic Interface for Piezoelectric Sensors Used for Impacts Detection and Positioning in Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) Systems

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1047
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Capineri ◽  
Andrea Bulletti
Keyword(s):  
Lamb Waves ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Piezoelectric Sensors ◽  
Signal Spectrum ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Front End ◽  
Analog Front End ◽  
Frequency Components ◽  
Noise Ratio ◽  
The Impact

Continuous monitoring of mechanical impacts is one of the goals of modern SHM systems using a sensor network installed on a structure. For the evaluation of the impact position, there are generally applied triangulation techniques based on the estimation of the differential time of arrival (DToA). The signals generated by impacts are multimodal, dispersive Lamb waves propagating in the plate-like structure. Symmetrical S0 and antisymmetrical A0 Lamb waves are both generated by impact events with different velocities and energies. The discrimination of these two modes is an advantage for impact positioning and characterization. The faster S0 is less influenced by multiple path signal overlapping and is also less dispersive, but its amplitude is generally 40–80 dB lower than the amplitude of the A0 mode. The latter has an amplitude related to the impact energy, while S0 amplitude is related to the impact velocity and has higher frequency spectral content. For these reasons, the analog front-end (AFE) design is crucial to preserve the information of the impact event, and at the same time, the overall signal chain must be optimized. Large dynamic range ADCs with high resolution (at least 12-bit) are generally required for processing these signals to retrieve the DToA information found in the full signal spectrum, typically from 20 kHz to 500 kHz. A solution explored in this work is the design of a versatile analog front-end capable of matching the different types of piezoelectric sensors used for impact monitoring (piezoceramic, piezocomposite or piezopolymer) in a sensor node. The analog front-end interface has a programmable attenuator and three selectable configurations with different gain and bandwidth to optimize the signal-to-noise ratio and distortion of the selected Lamb wave mode. This interface is realized as a module compatible with the I/O of a 16 channels real-time electronic system for SHM previously developed by the authors. High-frequency components up to 270 kHz and lower-frequency components of the received signals are separated by different channels and generate high signal-to-noise ratio signals that can be easily treated by digital signal processing using a single central unit board with ADC and FPGA.

scholarly journals Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Based on Convolutional Neural Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4440
Author(s):  
Youheng Tan ◽  
Xiaojun Jing
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Cooperative Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Majority Voting ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Hidden Terminal ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Sensing Performance

Cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) is an important topic due to its capacity to solve the issue of the hidden terminal. However, the sensing performance of CSS is still poor, especially in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) situations. In this paper, convolutional neural networks (CNN) are considered to extract the features of the observed signal and, as a consequence, improve the sensing performance. More specifically, a novel two-dimensional dataset of the received signal is established and three classical CNN (LeNet, AlexNet and VGG-16)-based CSS schemes are trained and analyzed on the proposed dataset. In addition, sensing performance comparisons are made between the proposed CNN-based CSS schemes and the AND, OR, majority voting-based CSS schemes. The simulation results state that the sensing accuracy of the proposed schemes is greatly improved and the network depth helps with this.

A LOW-POWER AND HIGH-SPEED D FLIP-FLOP USING A SINGLE LATCH

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
ROBERT C. CHANG ◽  
L.-C. HSU ◽  
M.-C. SUN
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Power Dissipation ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Operating Frequency ◽  
Flip Flop ◽  
Lower Power ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Hspice Simulation

A novel low-power and high-speed D flip-flop is presented in this letter. The flip-flop consists of a single low-power latch, which is controlled by a positive narrow pulse. Hence, fewer transistors are used and lower power consumption is achieved. HSPICE simulation results show that power dissipation of the proposed D flip-flop has been reduced up to 76%. The operating frequency of the flip-flop is also greatly increased.

A Wideband Continuous Time Quadrature Delta Sigma Modulator Based on a Real DSM for Low Power WLAN Receiver

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (03) ◽  
pp. 1850044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Shamsi ◽  
Esmaeil Najafi Aghdam
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Continuous Time ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
System Level ◽  
Complex Coefficient ◽  
Loop Filter ◽  
Delta Sigma Modulator ◽  
Delta Sigma ◽  
Excess Loop Delay

Power consumption and bandwidth are two of the most important parameters in design of low power wideband modulators as power consumption is growing with the increase in bandwidth. In this study, a multi bit wideband low-power continuous time feed forward quadrature delta sigma modulator (CT-FF-QDSM) is designed for WLAN receiver applications by eliminating adders from modulator structure. In this method, a real modulator is designed and its excess loop delay (ELD) is compensated, then, it is converted into a quadrature structure by applying the complex coefficient to loop filter. Complex coefficients are extracted by the aid of a genetic algorithm to further improve signal to noise ratio (SNR) for bandwidth. One of the disadvantages of CT-FF-QDSM is the adders of loop filters which are power hungry and reduce the effective loop gain. Therefore, the adders have been eliminated while the transfer function is intact in the final modulator. The system level SNR of the proposed modulator is 62.53[Formula: see text]dB using OSR of 12. The circuit is implemented in CMOSTSMC180nm technology. The circuit levels SNR and power consumption are 54[Formula: see text]dB and 13.5[Formula: see text]mW, respectively. Figure of Merit (FOM) obtained from the proposed modulator is about 0.824 (pj/conv) which is improved (by more than 40%) compared to the previous designs.

An Improved Acquisition Method for High-Order BOC-Modulated Signals Based on Fractal Geometry

2013 ◽  
Vol 846-847 ◽  
pp. 1185-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Bing Wu ◽  
Jun Liang Liu ◽  
Yuan Zhang ◽  
Yong Hui Hu
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Geometry ◽  
Output Signal ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
High Order ◽  
Main Peak ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Binary Offset Carrier ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Modulated Signals ◽  
Acquisition Method

This paper proposes an improved acquisition method for high-order binary-offset-carrier (BOC) modulated signals based on fractal geometry. We introduced the principle of our acquisition method, and outlined its framework. We increase the main peak to side peaks ratio in the BOC autocorrelation function (ACF), with a simple fractal geometry transform. The proposed scheme is applicable to both generic high-order sine-and cosine-phased BOC-modulated signals. Simulation results show that the proposed method increases output signal to noise ratio (SNR).

scholarly journals Evaluation of an Adaptive Dynamic Compensation System in Cochlear Implant Listeners

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 233121652097034
Author(s):  
Florian Langner ◽  
Andreas Büchner ◽  
Waldo Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Compensation System ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Dynamic Compensation ◽  
Front End ◽  
Noise Ratio

Cochlear implant (CI) sound processing typically uses a front-end automatic gain control (AGC), reducing the acoustic dynamic range (DR) to control the output level and protect the signal processing against large amplitude changes. It can also introduce distortions into the signal and does not allow a direct mapping between acoustic input and electric output. For speech in noise, a reduction in DR can result in lower speech intelligibility due to compressed modulations of speech. This study proposes to implement a CI signal processing scheme consisting of a full acoustic DR with adaptive properties to improve the signal-to-noise ratio and overall speech intelligibility. Measurements based on the Short-Time Objective Intelligibility measure and an electrodogram analysis, as well as behavioral tests in up to 10 CI users, were used to compare performance with a single-channel, dual-loop, front-end AGC and with an adaptive back-end multiband dynamic compensation system (Voice Guard [VG]). Speech intelligibility in quiet and at a +10 dB signal-to-noise ratio was assessed with the Hochmair–Schulz–Moser sentence test. A logatome discrimination task with different consonants was performed in quiet. Speech intelligibility was significantly higher in quiet for VG than for AGC, but intelligibility was similar in noise. Participants obtained significantly better scores with VG than AGC in the logatome discrimination task. The objective measurements predicted significantly better performance estimates for VG. Overall, a dynamic compensation system can outperform a single-stage compression (AGC + linear compression) for speech perception in quiet.

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