An ultra flat phased array Ku-band antenna with integrated receivers in SiGe BiCMOS

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 379-389
Author(s):  
Paul Klatser ◽  
Marc Van Der Vossen ◽  
Gerard Voshaar ◽  
Rinus Boot ◽  
Adriaan Hulzinga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Delay ◽  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Printed Circuit Board ◽  
Phased Array ◽  
Group Delay ◽  
Intermediate Frequency ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
True Time ◽  
Integrated Receivers ◽  
Ku Band

A highly integrated Ku-band (10.7–12.75 GHz) planar phased array receiver of 64 antenna elements is presented. It features instantaneous reception of the full Ku-band (2.05 GHz wide) in two orthogonal polarizations with wide scan angles by using time delay instead of phase shift. The receiver is part of a system for satellite broadcast TV reception on board of moving vehicles. Two SiGe radio frequency integrated circuits (RFICs) were developed, packaged in ceramic BGAs and assembled onto a 15-layer printed circuit board (PCB) which integrates the antenna elements. An outline of the system is given along with a detailed description. It sets a new standard in integration density. The receiver has extensive analog signal processing at intermediate frequency (IF)-level. A novel bipolar implementation for true time delay is proposed, with a continuous programmable delay range of 0…80 ps with less than 2.5 ps group-delay variation in 2 GHz bandwidth (BW). The wide BW calls for a constant group-delay implementation in the IF chain. The receiver (RFIC) consumes only 132 mW per channel. Each channel has 40 dB gain.

scholarly journals Improved Photonic True Time Delay Unit for a Ku-Band Phased Array Antenna Demonstration

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pisco ◽  
M. Spirito ◽  
A. Cutolo ◽  
A. Capozzoli ◽  
C. Curcio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Delay ◽  
Phased Array ◽  
Array Antenna ◽  
Phased Array Antenna ◽  
Delay Unit ◽  
True Time Delay ◽  
True Time ◽  
Ku Band

Confirming the Signal Integrity in Transmission of Digital Signals on Microstrip Straight Circuits via the Eye Diagrams

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 737-741
Author(s):  
Alejandro Dueñas Jiménez ◽  
Francisco Jiménez Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Printed Circuit Board ◽  
Signal Integrity ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Information Storage ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Electromagnetic Simulation ◽  
Electronic Systems ◽  
Digital Signals ◽  
Printed Circuit

Because of the high volume of processing, transmission, and information storage, electronic systems presently requires faster clock speeds tosynchronizethe integrated circuits. Presently the “speeds” on the connections of a printed circuit board (PCB) are in the order of the GHz. At these frequencies the behavior of the interconnects are more like that of a transmission line, and hence distortion, delay, and phase shift- effects caused by phenomena like cross talk, ringing and over shot are present and may be undesirable for the performance of a circuit or system.Some of these phrases were extracted from the chapter eight of book “2-D Electromagnetic Simulation of Passive Microstrip Circuits” from the corresponding author of this paper.

scholarly journals Compact Modelling of Electrical, Optical and Thermal Properties of Multi-Colour Power LEDs Operating on a Common PCB

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1286
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Górecki ◽  
Przemysław Ptak
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Optical Model ◽  
Printed Circuit Board ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Junction Temperature ◽  
Optical Parameters ◽  
Spice Simulation ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Good Agreement

This paper concerns the problem of modelling electrical, thermal and optical properties of multi-colour power light-emitting diodes (LEDs) situated on a common PCB (Printed Circuit Board). A new form of electro-thermo-optical model of such power LEDs is proposed in the form of a subcircuit for SPICE (Simulation Program with Integrated Circuits Emphasis). With the use of this model, the currents and voltages of the considered devices, their junction temperature and selected radiometric parameters can be calculated, taking into account self-heating phenomena in each LED and mutual thermal couplings between each pair of the considered devices. The form of the formulated model is described, and a manner of parameter estimation is also proposed. The correctness and usefulness of the proposed model are verified experimentally for six power LEDs emitting light of different colours and mounted on an experimental PCB prepared by the producer of the investigated devices. Verification was performed for the investigated diodes operating alone and together. Good agreement between the results of measurements and computations was obtained. It was also proved that the main thermal and optical parameters of the investigated LEDs depend on a dominant wavelength of the emitted light.

scholarly journals Estimating Recycling Return of Integrated Circuits Using Computer Vision on Printed Circuit Boards

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2808
Author(s):  
Leandro H. de S. Silva ◽  
Agostinho A. F. Júnior ◽  
George O. A. Azevedo ◽  
Sergio C. Oliveira ◽  
Bruno J. T. Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
Printed Circuit Board ◽  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Decision Criterion ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Electronic Equipment ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Mechanical Recycling ◽  
Printed Circuit

The technological growth of the last decades has brought many improvements in daily life, but also concerns on how to deal with electronic waste. Electrical and electronic equipment waste is the fastest-growing rate in the industrialized world. One of the elements of electronic equipment is the printed circuit board (PCB) and almost every electronic equipment has a PCB inside it. While waste PCB (WPCB) recycling may result in the recovery of potentially precious materials and the reuse of some components, it is a challenging task because its composition diversity requires a cautious pre-processing stage to achieve optimal recycling outcomes. Our research focused on proposing a method to evaluate the economic feasibility of recycling integrated circuits (ICs) from WPCB. The proposed method can help decide whether to dismantle a separate WPCB before the physical or mechanical recycling process and consists of estimating the IC area from a WPCB, calculating the IC’s weight using surface density, and estimating how much metal can be recovered by recycling those ICs. To estimate the IC area in a WPCB, we used a state-of-the-art object detection deep learning model (YOLO) and the PCB DSLR image dataset to detect the WPCB’s ICs. Regarding IC detection, the best result was obtained with the partitioned analysis of each image through a sliding window, thus creating new images of smaller dimensions, reaching 86.77% mAP. As a final result, we estimate that the Deep PCB Dataset has a total of 1079.18 g of ICs, from which it would be possible to recover at least 909.94 g of metals and silicon elements from all WPCBs’ ICs. Since there is a high variability in the compositions of WPCBs, it is possible to calculate the gross income for each WPCB and use it as a decision criterion for the type of pre-processing.

scholarly journals A Self-Powered Nanogenerator for the Electrical Protection of Integrated Circuits from Trace Amounts of Liquid

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuang Hui ◽  
Ming Xiao ◽  
Daozhi Shen ◽  
Jiayun Feng ◽  
Peng Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Printed Circuit Board ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Self Powered

Abstract With the increase in the use of electronic devices in many different environments, a need has arisen for an easily implemented method for the rapid, sensitive detection of liquids in the vicinity of electronic components. In this work, a high-performance power generator that combines carbon nanoparticles and TiO2 nanowires has been fabricated by sequential electrophoretic deposition (EPD). The open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current of a single generator are found to exceed 0.7 V and 100 μA when 6 μL of water was applied. The generator is also found to have a stable and reproducible response to other liquids. An output voltage of 0.3 V was obtained after 244, 876, 931, and 184 μs, on exposure of the generator to 6 μL of water, ethanol, acetone, and methanol, respectively. The fast response time and high sensitivity to liquids show that the device has great potential for the detection of small quantities of liquid. In addition, the simple easily implemented sequential EPD method ensures the high mechanical strength of the device. This compact, reliable device provides a new method for the sensitive, rapid detection of extraneous liquids before they can impact the performance of electronic circuits, particularly those on printed circuit board.

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