Birth weight and postnatal microbial exposures predict the distribution of peripheral blood leukocyte subsets in young adults in the Philippines

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. W. McDade ◽  
M. J. Jones ◽  
G. Miller ◽  
J. Borja ◽  
M. S. Kobor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Cd8 T Lymphocytes

The immune system not only provides protection against infectious disease but also contributes to the etiology of neoplastic, atopic, and cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Prenatal and postnatal nutritional and microbial environments have lasting effects on multiple aspects of immunity, indicating that immune processes may play important roles in the developmental origins of disease. The objective of this study is to evaluate the association between birth weight and the distribution of leukocyte (white blood cell) subsets in peripheral blood in young adulthood. Postnatal microbial exposures were also considered as predictors of leukocyte distribution. Participants (n=486; mean age=20.9 years) were drawn from a prospective birth cohort study in the Philippines, and analyses focused on the following cell types: CD4 T lymphocytes, CD8 T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, natural killer cells, monocytes, granulocytes. Higher birth weight was a strong predictor of higher proportion of CD4 T lymphocytes (B=0.12, s.e.=0.041, P=0.003), lower proportion of CD8 T lymphocytes (B=−0.874, s.e.=0.364, P=0.016), higher CD4:CD8 ratio (B=1.964, s.e.=0.658, P=0.003), and higher B lymphocytes (B=0.062, s.e.=0.031, P=0.047). Measures of microbial exposure in infancy were negatively associated with proportions of B lymphocytes and granulocytes, and lower CD4:CD8 ratio. Leukocytes are the key regulators and effectors of innate and specific immunity, but the origins of variation in the distribution of cell type across individuals are not known. Our findings point toward nutritional and microbial exposures in infancy as potentially important determinants of immune-phenotypes in adulthood, and they suggest that leukocyte distribution is a plausible mechanism through which developmental environments have lasting effects on disease risk in adulthood.

scholarly journals Immune Profile of the Normal Maternal-Fetal Interface in Rhesus Macaques and Its Alteration Following Zika Virus Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matilda J. Moström ◽  
Elizabeth A. Scheef ◽  
Lesli M. Sprehe ◽  
Dawn Szeltner ◽  
Dollnovan Tran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Congenital Infection ◽  
Effector Memory ◽  
Cd8 T Lymphocytes ◽  
Maternal Fetal Interface

The maternal decidua is an immunologically complex environment that balances maintenance of immune tolerance to fetal paternal antigens with protection of the fetus against vertical transmission of maternal pathogens. To better understand host immune determinants of congenital infection at the maternal-fetal tissue interface, we performed a comparative analysis of innate and adaptive immune cell subsets in the peripheral blood and decidua of healthy rhesus macaque pregnancies across all trimesters of gestation and determined changes after Zika virus (ZIKV) infection. Using one 28-color and one 18-color polychromatic flow cytometry panel we simultaneously analyzed the frequency, phenotype, activation status and trafficking properties of αβ T, γδ T, iNKT, regulatory T (Treg), NK cells, B lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells (DC). Decidual leukocytes showed a striking enrichment of activated effector memory and tissue-resident memory CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, CD4+ Tregs, CD56+ NK cells, CD14+CD16+ monocytes, CD206+ tissue-resident macrophages, and a paucity of B lymphocytes when compared to peripheral blood. t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (tSNE) revealed unique populations of decidual NK, T, DC and monocyte/macrophage subsets. Principal component analysis showed distinct spatial localization of decidual and circulating leukocytes contributed by NK and CD8+ T lymphocytes, and separation of decidua based on gestational age contributed by memory CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. Decidua from 10 ZIKV-infected dams obtained 16-56 days post infection at third (n=9) or second (n=1) trimester showed a significant reduction in frequency of activated, CXCR3+, and/or Granzyme B+ memory CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes and γδ T compared to normal decidua. These data suggest that ZIKV induces local immunosuppression with reduced immune recruitment and impaired cytotoxicity. Our study adds to the immune characterization of the maternal-fetal interface in a translational nonhuman primate model of congenital infection and provides novel insight in to putative mechanisms of vertical transmission.

scholarly journals Tumor-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes derived from the peripheral blood of prostate cancer patients byin vitro stimulation with autologous tumor cell lines

2002 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franck Housseau ◽  
Daniel A. Langer ◽  
Samuel D. Oberholtzer ◽  
Anitha Moorthy ◽  
Hyam I. Levitsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Autologous Tumor Cell ◽  
Autologous Tumor ◽  
Tumor Cell Lines ◽  
Cd8 T Lymphocytes

scholarly journals Immunostimulatory properties of bigroot geranium (Geranium macrorrhizum L.) extract

Medicina ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilma Jurkštienė ◽  
Anatolijus Kondrotas ◽  
Egidijus Kėvelaitis
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Cell Counts

The aim of the study was to investigate the immunostimulatory properties of bigroot geranium. Material and methods. Possible nonspecific characteristics of bigroot geranium were evaluated by the total leukocyte count in the peripheral blood, and qualitative changes of blood were assessed using Shilling’s formula by evaluating changes in lymphocyte counts. In addition, we also studied changes in the counts of Tcell precursors in the thymus and B lymphocytes in the spleen. Ethanol extract of the leaves of bigroot geranium was produced at the Department of Food Technology, Kaunas University of Technology. Studies were performed on mice Bl 57 (n=21). The control group (n=7) received distilled water at a dose of 1 mL/day. The second and third groups received 1% and 10% extract of bigroot geranium, respectively, as a food supplement. Changes in cell counts were investigated after 4 weeks following the initiation of the trial. Results. After a 4-week administration of 1% extract of bigroot geranium (1 mL/day) (mice group, n=7), leukocyte count in the peripheral blood increased to 6.1×109 cells/L, and lymphocyte count – to 70%, but changes were not statistically significant. The other case group of mice (n=7) received 10% extract of bigroot geranium for 4 weeks at a dose of 1 mL/day. In this group, leukocyte count in the peripheral blood increased statistically significantly from 4.4×109 cells/L to 7.2×109 cells/L (p<0.01), and lymphocyte percentage – from 52% to 80% (p<0.001), as compared to control. Thymocyte (T lymphocytes) counts in thymus and splenocyte (B lymphocytes) counts in the spleen showed a tendency to increase after the administration of 1% and 10% extracts. After a 4-week administration of 1% extract of bigroot geranium, thymocyte and splenocyte counts increased from 0.342×106 cells to 0.372×106 cells per mg of tissue and from 0.395×106 cells to 0.405×106 cells per mg of tissue, respectively, as compared to control group (p>0.1). After the administration of 10% extract of bigroot geranium, thymocyte count increased to 0.488×106 cells per mg of tissue (p<0.01), and splenocyte count – to 0.504×106 cells per mg of tissue (p<0.01). Conclusion. The extracts of the leaves of bigroot geranium increased leukocyte count and lymphocyte percentage in the peripheral blood, and after a 4-week administration of 10% extract of bigroot geranium, a statistically significant increase in the counts of T lymphocytes (in the thymus) and B lymphocytes (in the spleen) was observed. The immunostimulatory effect depends on the dose of the extract.

Role of CD4 and CD8 T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes and Natural Killer cells in the prediction of radiation-induced late toxicity in cervical cancer patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 424-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Bordón ◽  
Luis Alberto Henríquez-Hernández ◽  
Pedro Carlos Lara ◽  
Beatriz Pinar ◽  
Carlos Rodríguez-Gallego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Natural Killer Cells ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Late Toxicity ◽  
Cd8 T Lymphocytes ◽  
Radiation Induced

Interleukin-16 Expression in the Peripheral Blood and CD8 T Lymphocytes After Traumatic Injury

2005 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Shimonkevitz ◽  
JoBeth Northrop ◽  
Lisbeth Harris ◽  
Michael Craun ◽  
David Bar-Or
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Cd8 T Lymphocytes

scholarly journals Defective lymphocyte glycosidases in the macrophage activation cascade of juvenile osteopetrosis

Blood ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 1473-1478 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Yamamoto ◽  
VR Naraparaju ◽  
PJ Orchard
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Beta Galactosidase

Generation of macrophage-activating factor requires a precursor protein, Gc protein (serum vitamin D3-binding protein), as well as participation of beta-galactosidase of inflammation-primed B lymphocytes and sialidase of T lymphocytes. The treatment of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with an inflammatory lysophospholipid induced beta-galactosidase and sialidase activity of lymphocytes, leading to the generation of macrophage-activating factor and activation of monocytes/macrophages. However, lysophospholipid treatment of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from three infantile patients with osteopetrosis resulted in no significant activation of monocytes/macrophages. The lysophospholipid-inducible beta- galactosidase activity of B lymphocytes as well as that of the sialidase of T lymphocytes was found to be defective in these patients.

scholarly journals Impact of total splenectomy on peripheral lymphocytes and their subsets in patients with hypersplenism associated with cirrhotic portal hypertension

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunfu Lv ◽  
Hongfei Wu ◽  
Wan Yee Lau ◽  
Jinfang Zheng ◽  
Jincai Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Peripheral Lymphocytes ◽  
Total Lymphocyte ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Splenectomy ◽  
The Impact

AbstractTo study the impact of total splenectomy (TS) on peripheral lymphocytes and their subsets in patients with hypersplenism associated with cirrhotic portal hypertension (CPH). We studied 102 consecutive patients who received TS from January 2008 to January 2020 due to CPH-related hypersplenism. A similar number of healthy individuals are used as healthy controls (HC). The total lymphocyte counts and their percentages of B lymphocytes, total T lymphocytes (cluster of differentiation (CD)3+) and their subsets (CD4+, CD8+), and natural killer (NK) cells in preoperative peripheral blood samples in hypersplenism patients were significantly lower than that of the HCs (both P < 0.05). The total lymphocyte counts and percentages of B lymphocytes in peripheral blood were significantly increased 1 week and 1 month after TS when compared with the pre-TS values (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the percentages of NK cells before or after surgery (P > 0.05). However, the percentages of CD3+ cells was significantly higher 1 month after than before surgery (P < 0.001). The percentages of CD4+, and CD8+ T lymphocytes were significantly lower 1 week after surgery (P < 0.05), but they were significantly higher 1 month after surgery (P < 0.01). The CD4+:CD8+ ratio was not significantly different from those before surgery, and 1 week or 1 month after surgery (P > 0.05). Patients with hypersplenism associated with CPH were significantly immunosuppressed preoperatively. After TS, the total lymphocyte count and percentages of B lymphocytes, and total T lymphocytes and their subsets increased significantly, resulting in improved immune functions.

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