A Paper in Condemnation of Gas as an Aid to Aërial Machines

1880 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Fred. W. Brearey
Keyword(s):  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Aerial Navigation ◽  
The Mind

I Wish to protest against the ever-recurring project of the sustentation of so-called aerial machines, by the employment of gas contained in any form of envelope, stiffened, strutted, or spherical. The mind, which enters freshly into the study of aerial navigation pure and simple, often confounded by the inability to rise from the earth, naturally suggests the aid of gas to take off the weight of the apparatus. This, however, would be a combination quite destructive of flight. The flying machine, if ever one worthy of the name be constructed, will be some apparatus of two dimensions, and will consequently be dwarfed by any auxiliary aid of cubical dimensions, such asa balloon, or any apparatus of the nature of a balloon, whatever be its shape.

scholarly journals KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL PROFETIK DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN PESANTREN DI KABUPATEN JEMBER

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Umiarso Umiarso
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Institutional Transformation ◽  
Intellectual Stimulation ◽  
Integrative Education ◽  
Idealized Influence ◽  
Individual Consideration ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Mind ◽  
New Good

Abstract Pesantren (Islamic boarding schools) has been continuously aligning its educational system with the needs of society and the times. The development of pesantren is inseparable from the role of kiai in carrying out the institutional transformation. This study focuses on transformational leadership of the kiai in developing the pesantren institution. The results of this study indicate that the concept of developing pesantren is transcultural with the principle of "accepting a new good culture and preserving the old one that is still relevant", based on the vision and mission, directed at an integrative education system which combines the mind and heart traditions using rational domain and spirituality in order to achieve worldly (profanistic) and ukhrawi (sacralistic) goals; transformational leadership styles of a kiai include idealized influence behavior, inspirational inspiration, intellectual stimulation, individual consideration, and individual spiritual greatness; and the implications of transformational leadership include two dimensions, namely the human resources and institutional resources. Therefore, this leadership can be said to be prophetic transformational leadership with the addition of individual spiritual greatness (Five I'S). Keywords: Kiai, Transformational Leadership, and Pesantren   Abstrak: Pesantren secara kontinu menyelaraskan sistem kependidikannya dengan kebutuhan masyarakat serta perkembangan zaman. Pengembangan pesantren tidak terlepas dari peran kiai dalam melakukan transformasi kelembagaan. Penelitian ini memfokuskan pada kepemimpinan transformasional kiai dalam mengembangkan kelembagaan pesantren. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa konsep pengembangan pesantren bersifat transkultural dengan prinsip “menerima budaya baru yang baik dan melestarikan budaya lama yang masih relevan”, berpijak pada visi dan misi, diarahkan pada sistem pendidikan integratif yang memadukan antara tradisi akal dan hati menggunakan domain rasional dan spiritualitas untuk mencapai tujuan yang bersifat duniawi (profanistik) dan ukhrawi (sakralistik); gaya kepemimpinan transformasional kiai meliputi perilaku idealized influence, inspirational inspiration, intellectual stimulation, individual consideration, dan individual spiritual greatness; dan implikasi kepemimpinan transformasional meliputi dua dimensi, yaitu dimensi sumberdaya manusia dan kelembagaan. Karenanya, kepemimpinan ini dapat dikatakan kepemimpinan transformasional profetik dengan penambahan individual spiritual greatness (Five I’S). Kata Kunci: Kiai, Kepemimpinan Transformasional, dan Pesantren  

Mental representations of multimodal constructions

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaru Kanetani
Keyword(s):  
Mental Representations ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Actual Use ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Kinetic Features ◽  
Bodily Movements

Abstract Japanese mimetics, and its psychomimes (e.g. gakkuri ‘disappointed’), in particular, are usually accompanied in speech with bodily movements, including gestures and postures. I have already argued that certain patterns in co-speech gestures and postures that accompanied psychomimes showed a relatively high rate of concord across speakers (Kanetani 2019). Taking the co-speech bodily movements as metonymic representations of embodied metaphors of emotion, this paper suggests that these kinetic features may be stored as part of the speaker’s knowledge of the words and argue that Japanese psychomimes are multimodal lexical constructions. I also show how such multimodal constructions are represented in the mind and how they are expressed in actual use. In particular, I describe and examine two-dimensional form-meaning pairings (based on Kita 1997) and show that one of the two dimensions may be selectively expressed in a given context.

scholarly journals A Robot Has a Mind of Its Own Because We Intuitively Share It

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 6531
Author(s):  
Mizuho Sumitani ◽  
Michihiro Osumi ◽  
Hiroaki Abe ◽  
Kenji Azuma ◽  
Rikuhei Tsuchida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Detection Threshold ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Virtual Agent ◽  
Cold Pain ◽  
Detection Thresholds ◽  
Pain Detection ◽  
Pain Experiences ◽  
The Mind

People perceive the mind in two dimensions: intellectual and affective. Advances in artificial intelligence enable people to perceive the intellectual mind of a robot through their semantic interactions. Conversely, it has been still controversial whether a robot has an affective mind of its own without any intellectual actions or semantic interactions. We investigated pain experiences when observing three different facial expressions of a virtual agent modeling affective minds (i.e., painful, unhappy, and neutral). The cold pain detection threshold of 19 healthy subjects was measured as they watched a black screen, then changes in their cold pain detection thresholds were evaluated as they watched the facial expressions. Subjects were asked to rate the pain intensity from the respective facial expressions. Changes of cold pain detection thresholds were compared and adjusted by the respective pain intensities. Only when watching the painful expression of a virtual agent did, the cold pain detection threshold increase significantly. By directly evaluating intuitive pain responses when observing facial expressions of a virtual agent, we found that we ‘share’ empathic neural responses, which can be intuitively emerge, according to observed pain intensity with a robot (a virtual agent).

scholarly journals Finding guidelines on social change in the two-tiered narrative and diakonia in the Gospel of John

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gert Breed
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Gospel Of John ◽  
New Order ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
The Earth ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Invisible

It is shown in this article that the Gospel of John describes a battle between darkness and light, life and death, chaos and God’s new order. Although the certainty is given right at the beginning of the Gospel that the darkness will not overcome the light, God does not take the possibility of darkness away. Darkness in John is darkness of the mind, not seeing the light, not comprehending, not accepting and not believing the Word. The battle between light and darkness is described at two levels – the visible level that you can see with your eyes and the invisible level that only those who have been regenerated by the Spirit can see. Although it may seem that the contrary is true, God is in control of both levels. Jesus made the invisible visible with his words and deeds and, eventually, with his resurrection. The diakonoi (servants) of Jesus are called to follow him in his task to honour the father by speaking the words of the father and doing the work of the father. In doing this, they will make the invisible God visible by their diakonia (service). Real social change will take place in God’s time, and he will use the diakonia of his children to bring order in the chaos, like he did in the beginning when he created the heavens and the earth. The results of the research are used to suggest guidelines on social change in South Africa.

scholarly journals The Temple of Apollo at Delphi

1888 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 282-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Henry Middleton
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Temple

In many respects Delphi and its varied cults possess an interest which is not to be rivalled by that of any other Hellenic site. The lofty precipices, the dark deeply-cleft ravines, the mysterious caves, and the bubbling springs of pure water, combine to give the place a romantic charm and a fearfulness of aspect which no description can adequately depict.Again Delphi stands alone in the catholic multiplicity of the different cults which were there combined.In primitive times it was the awfulness of Nature which impressed itself on the imaginations of the inhabitants.In an early stage of development the mind of man tends to gloomy forms of religion: his ignorance and comparative helplessness tend to fill his brain with spiritual terrors and forebodings. Thus at Delphi the primitive worship was that of the gloomy Earth and her children, the chasm-rending Poseidon, and the Chthonian Dionysus, who, like Osiris, was the victim of the evil powers of Nature. It was not till later times that the bright Phoebus Apollo came to Delphi to slay the earth-born Python, just as the rising sun dissipates the shadows in the depths of the Delphian ravines, or as in the Indian legend the god Indra kills with his bright arrows the great serpent Ahi—symbol of the black thunder-cloud.

Principalities and Powers: the Cosmic Background of Paul's Thought

1954 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. C. MacGregor
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Presidential Address ◽  
Synoptic Gospels ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Cosmic Background ◽  
Spirit World ◽  
Lively Debate ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Christian Proclamation ◽  
The Demonic

I hope that no apology is necessary for the choice of a subject so closely akin to that of the Presidential Address by Professor William Manson last year.1 It was in fact that address which inspired the present paper. If any further justification is necessary for reverting to this theme I would remind you that a presidential address is by use and wont exempt from criticism, so that last year there was no opportunity for the discussion of a subject which should surely invite lively debate. Moreover, though Dr Manson in his address made occasional reference to Paul's thought, he deliberately confined himself in the main to the ‘Spiritual Background of the Work of Jesus in the Synoptic Gospels’. Such promising exploration deserves to be followed up, for it is only with Paul that this background is filled in, in all its tremendous cosmic grandeur. As Dr Manson put it, the spirit world in Paul's thought ‘has taken on new dimensions and acquired a cosmic range and character’. Or again, whereas last year we were meeting the demonic powers ‘in the form of malignant and ghoulish beings, on the earth-level of popular demonic belief’, this year we are confronted by Paul's ‘grandiose hierarchy of cosmic spirits’. But my best justification is the sheer importance of this subject for the understanding of Paul's thought. As Professor J. S. Stewart has remarked in a notable article in the Scottish Journal of Theology (vol. IV, no. 3), we shall never get inside the mind of Paul until we take seriously what has in fact been ‘a neglected emphasis in New Testament Theology’, and cease to treat ‘as secondary and extraneous elements in the primitive Christian proclamation what in fact are integral and basic components of the Gospel’.

The True Proportions of Gay's Acis and Galatea

PMLA ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 80 (4-Part1) ◽  
pp. 325-331
Author(s):  
Bertrand H. Bronson
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
John Gay ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The One ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Theatrical Criticism

The Masque, or serenata, or pastoral opera, Acis and Galatea—in eighteenth-century printings it was indifferently categorized—has been not so much neglected as quite ignored by the biographers and critics of John Gay. In its entirety, words and music, it is a masterpiece, and the reasons for its lying unregarded, except by historians of music, deserve to be scrutinized because they signalize a recurrent failing on the part of those who write on the arts, when a work exists simultaneously in more than one medium. Only lately, in truth, has criticism begun to cope with Shakespeare himself as drama existent in and for living embodiment on a physical stage and nowhere else, not even in the mind of Coleridge. (Theatrical criticism is by habit only piecemeal commentary on separate productions.) Similarly, to set small matters beside great ones, only of late has the ballad of tradition begun to be considered as song and not as a literary or pseudo-literary genre, sufficient and self-sustaining in its text alone. And the bardic tradition of the Ugo-Slavs is teaching us much about the Homeric epics of which former generations were unaware. Signs, in fact, are here and there beginning to appear of an unwillingness to rest content with the one-dimensional conception of arts which are only half-fulfilled until they are realized in two dimensions or more. A drawing of a sculpture is not enough; a sculpture of an action is not enough; pantomime does not suffice the spoken scene; the verbal text of a musical scena will not satisfy. Nor can any of these be adequately criticized on a basis of missing dimensions.

Tomographic retrieval of the oxygen infrared atmospheric band with the OSIRIS infrared imager

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (7) ◽  
pp. 501-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
D A Degenstein ◽  
E J Llewellyn ◽  
N D Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Emission Rate ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Retrieval Technique ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Infrared Imager ◽  
Retrieval Scheme ◽  
Volume Emission

The infrared imager (IRI) component of the optical spectrograph and infrared imager system (OSIRIS) onboard the Odin spacecraft provides a set of line-of-sight brightness measurements of the oxygen infrared atmospheric (OIRA) band. This set of measurements is unique in the fact that they are ideal inputs to a two-dimensional retrieval scheme that accurately recovers the volume emission rate of the OIRA band. The retrieval is done simultaneously in two dimensions, the angle along the satellite track and the distance from the centre of the Earth. The latter is easily converted to altitude above the surface of the Earth. In this work, we present the measurement set, the retrieval technique, and some preliminary results. We clearly demonstrate that the OSIRIS infrared imager provides maps of the OIRA band volume emission rate with unprecedented spatial resolution. PACS Nos.: 07.05.Pj, 07.60.Dq, 94.10.Fa, 94.10.Gb, 94.10.Rk

scholarly journals The topic of the end of life in the treaty ratification of the Russian princes in the XIV - XV centuries

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
E.L. Konyavskaya
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Treaty Ratification ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Mind

The article deals with the statements in connection with the end of life on the Earth in the treaty ratification of the Russian princes in XIV-XV centuries, which were acquiring (had been acquiring) with the lapse of time the nature of commonplaces and formulas. It is shown that in such acts occur daily thanatological representations of the Russian rulers. They reflect a belief about the end of human life in God's hands. Finiteness of human life in the mind of the princes was combined with the continuation of the procreation of life.

Review of Ecopsychology: Restoring the earth, healing the mind.

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-122
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Aanstoos
Keyword(s):  
The Earth ◽  
The Mind
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