Developmental Outcomes, Attachment and Parenting: Study of a Sample of Spanish Premature Children

AbstractThe aim of this study is to provide an overview of the development of premature children, including attachment, child psychological adjustment and parental variables. 130 children < 1,500 g or < 32 weeks at birth from two public hospitals, assessed at two years corrected age, together with their parents. Parental socio-demographic data was collected. Infant development, attachment and child psychological adjustment were evaluated, as was parental stress. The percentage of preterm children with developmental delays ranged from 5% to 21%. Girls tend to show higher levels of development than boys with effect sizes ranging from small, η2p= .02, to medium, η2p= .07. Secure attachment was the most frequent pattern in the sample. No significant differences,p< .05, between preterm children and the normative population were found on children´s behavioral problems and maternal stress levels. Despite the fact prematurity is considered to be a risk factor for a child´s development, a significant proportion of these children do not show problems in terms of developmental levels, attachment pattern and maternal stress. However, socio-emotional and affective domains, as well as psychological support programs for parenthood, should be followed up from a multidisciplinary perspective.

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MOTINŲ STRESO ĮVEIKIMO BŪDAI IR VAIKŲ EMOCIJŲ BEI ELGESIO SUNKUMAI

Psichologija ◽

10.15388/psichol.2003..4378 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

pp. 7-18

Author(s):

Roma Jusienė ◽

Vaida Platkevičiūtė

Keyword(s):

Behavior Problems ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Psychological Adjustment ◽

Behavioral Problems ◽

Maternal Stress ◽

Emotional And Behavioral Problems ◽

Stress Coping ◽

Stress Coping Strategies ◽

Lower Education ◽

Maternal Coping

Streso įveika apibūdinama kaip žmogaus minčių ir veiksmų pastangos suvaldyti specifinius reikalavimus, individo suprantamus kaip išmėginimas arba nesėkmės. Skiriamos į problemą orientuotos, kitaip vadinamos adaptyvios, ir į emocijas orientuotos, vadinamosios neadaptyvios, streso įveikos. Nustatyta, kad neadaptyvių streso įveikimo būdų naudojimas susijęs su emocijų ir elgesio sunkumais. Atlikta keletas streso įveikų reikšmės vaikų raidai tyrimų. Jie parodo, kad tėvų naudojami streso įveikimo būdai gali nusakyti prisitaikymą prie tėvystės ir kartu vaikų psichologinį prisitaikymą.Šio tyrimo tikslas yra patikrinti mamų naudojamų streso įveikų ir vaikų elgesio ryšį bei emocijų sunkumų egzistavimą pilnose ir nepilnose šeimose. 183 vaikų (2?10 metų) mamos pildė du klausimynus: streso įveikimo būdų klausimyną (Elklit, 1996) ir vaikų elgesio klausimyną (Achenbach, 1991).Rezultatai parodė teigiamą neadaptyvių motinų naudojamų streso įveikimo būdų ir vaikų elgesio bei emocijų sunkumų koreliaciją. Buvo nustatyta, kad motinos išsilavinimas yra svarbus kintamasis, susijęs ir su jos įveikomis, ir su vaikų elgesio bei emocijų sunkumais. Labiau išsilavinusios motinos naudoja daugiau adaptyvių streso įveikų nei mažiau išsilavinusios. Vaikai, kurių motinų aukštesnis išsilavinimas, turi mažiau elgesio ir emocijų sunkumų. Pilnų ir nepilnų šeimų vaikų elgesio ir emocijų sunkumai nesiskyrė. Rezultatai parodė, kad vienišos motinos naudoja daugiau adaptyvių streso įveikų nei motinos, gyvenančios pilnoje šeimoje. Rezultatai, gauti pasitelkus regresinę analizę, rodo, kad į emocijas orientuota streso įveika ir motinos išsilavinimas leidžia numatyti vaikų elgesio ir emocijų sunkumus. MATERNAL STRESS COPING AS RELATED TO CHILDREN?S EMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIORAL PROBLEMSRoma Jusienė, Vaida Platkevičiūtė SummaryCoping is defined as the cognitive and behavioral efforts used to manage specific external and internal demands, appraised as taxing or exceeding a person?s resources. Some of coping strategies are considered to be adaptive, while others - maladaptive. Excessive use of maladaptive stress coping strategies is found to correlate with emotional or behavior problems. There are only few attempts to study coping in parenting situation, indicating that the stress and coping model is useful in exploring the complex process of adaptation to parenting, and relating it to the psychological adjustment of the children. On the one hand, children learn stress coping strategies from their parents. On the other hand, the parental mood as mediated by their coping is considered to be the important factor influencing children's psychological adjustment. The present study aims to evaluate the relationship between maternal coping and emotional and behavioral problems of children in intact and divorced families. Mothers of 183 children (age 2 to 10 years) answered two questionnaires: Stress Coping Strategies questionnaire (Elklit, 1996) and Child Behavior Checklist (Achenbach, 1991). The results show the strong positive correlation between maladaptive maternal coping and the psychological adjustment of children. Maternal coping as well as children's emotional and behavior problems are related to mothers' education. Mothers with a lower education degree use more maladaptive coping strategies, particularly avoiding coping. They denote more children's behavioral and emotional problem too. Our results show that psychological adjustment of children who live without father isn't worse, then psychological adjustment of children who live with both parents. The results reveal that single mothers use more adaptive coping, then those, who live in intact families. The results of regression analysis show that emotional coping used by mother and her lower education level predict higher rates of children's emotional and behavioral problems. Mothers were the only informant about children's psychological adjustment in this study. Further steps related to this topic could be analyzing whether the relation between maternal stress coping and children's emotional and behavioral problems remains when the latter are indicated by other informants. Keywords: stress coping, children's emotional and behavioral problems, and psychological adjustment.

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Perceived knowledge of psychiatry and family medicine residents regarding medical management of schizophrenia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia: opportunities to refine the residency training

BMC Medical Education ◽

10.1186/s12909-021-02658-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jiangbo Ying ◽

Jinhui Wan ◽

Kang Sim ◽

Ee-Jin Darren Seah ◽

Mythily Subramaniam

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Family Medicine ◽

Residency Training ◽

Medical Management ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

Psychiatry Residents ◽

Training Curriculum ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Family Medicine Residents

Abstract Background Psychiatry and Family Medicine residents frequently see patients with comorbid mental and physical disorders. Little is known about the difference in knowledge of Psychiatry residents and Family Medicine residents regarding management of common conditions they encounter. This study aimed to assess the knowledge of Psychiatry and Family Medicine residents regarding medical management of schizophrenia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia, as the findings could help to refine the training curriculum for residency training. Methods A cross-sectional survey design was used. Psychiatry and Family Medicine residents pursuing their residency in Singapore were recruited from November 2019 to June 2020. The survey questionnaire consisted of questions which assessed the knowledge regarding medical management of schizophrenia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the demographic data; T-tests or Mann-Whitney U tests to compare the differences between groups; and multiple regression analyses to assess the factors associated with Psychiatry residents’ knowledge of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia. Results Fifty-seven out of 70 (81.4%) Psychiatry residents and 58 out of 61 (95.1%) Family Medicine residents participated in the study. The majority of Psychiatry residents encountered patients with hypertension (93.0%), diabetes mellitus (87.7%) and dyslipidemia (91.2%) on a daily to weekly basis. Psychiatry residents had higher scores on questions about schizophrenia versus Family Medicine residents (mean 50.70 versus 43.28, p < 0.001). However, Psychiatry residents scored lower on questions about hypertension (mean 33.86 versus 40.98, p < 0.001), diabetes mellitus (mean 45.68 versus 49.79, p = 0.005) and dyslipidemia (mean 37.04 versus 44.31, p < 0.001). Receiving undergraduate medical education locally, compared to receiving it overseas, was associated with better knowledge of hypertension (beta = 0.515, p = 0.009) and dyslipidemia (beta = 0.559, p = 0.005); while younger age (26–30 versus > 35 and 31–35 versus > 35) was associated with better knowledge of hypertension (beta = 1.361, p = 0.002 and beta = 1.225, p = 0.003). A significant proportion of Psychiatry residents (61.4%) did not agree that the training provided to manage hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia was adequate. Similarly, majority of Family Medicine residents (62.1%) did not agree that they had adequate training to manage schizophrenia. Conclusions This study raises the awareness of Psychiatry residents’ sense of discomfort in managing hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or dyslipidemia and conversely Family Medicine residents in management of schizophrenia, which can be further addressed during the training postings within the residency programs. Future studies are needed to look at local (such as training curriculum) and systemic factors (such as practice trends and culture) in order to better align residency selection criteria and training foci with real world practice factors over time.

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The Digital Divide: A Retrospective Survey of Digital Rectal Examinations during the Workup of Rectal Cancers

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9070855 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 855

Author(s):

Omar Farooq ◽

Ameer Farooq ◽

Sunita Ghosh ◽

Raza Qadri ◽

Tanner Steed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Rectal Cancer ◽

Care Provider ◽

Primary Care Provider ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

Digital Rectal Examination ◽

Patient Questionnaire ◽

Rectal Examination ◽

Rectal Cancers

Background: Digital rectal examination (DRE) is considered an important part of the physical examination. However, it is unclear how many patients have a DRE performed at the primary care level in the work-up of rectal cancer, and if the absence of a DRE causes a delay to consultation with a specialist. Methods: A retrospective patient questionnaire was sent to 1000 consecutive patients with stage II or stage III rectal cancer. The questionnaire asked patients to recall if they had a DRE performed by their general practitioner (GP) when they first presented with symptoms or a positive FIT test. Demographic data, staging data, and time to consultation with a specialist were also collected. Results: A thousand surveys were mailed out, and a total of 262 patients responded. Of the respondents, 46.2% did not recall undergoing a digital rectal examination by their primary care provider. Women were less likely to undergo a DRE than men (28.6% vs. 44.3%, p = 0.019). While there was a trend towards longer times to specialist consultation in patients who did not undergo a DRE (27.0 vs. 12.2 weeks), this was not statistically significant (p = 0.121). Conclusion: A significant proportion of patients who are FIT positive or have symptomatic rectal bleeding do not recall having a DRE by their primary care provider. Barriers may include lack of comfort with performing DRE or lack of time. Clearer guidelines and more support for GP’s may increase uptake of DRE.

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Concerns and difficulties associated with the COVID-19 pandemic among older adults with cancer in Mexico.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.12042 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. 12042-12042

Author(s):

Sofia Sánchez-Román ◽

Yanin Chavarri Guerra ◽

Andrea Morales Morales Alfaro ◽

Daniela Ramirez Maza ◽

Andrea de la O Murillo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Developing Countries ◽

Medical Care ◽

Cancer Care ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

Stage Iv ◽

Well Being ◽

Public Hospitals ◽

The Individual

12042 Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the well-being of people not only due to the disease but also because of stay-at-home orders, social distancing, unemployment, and different kinds of loses. Older adults have particularly suffered during the pandemic, with increased health-related concerns and anxiety leading to increased vulnerability. However, little is known about the effects of the pandemic on older adults with cancer living in developing countries. They are facing issues related to their diagnosis and treatment, as well as the effects of the pandemic on their care and on the well-being of their families. To improve care for this vulnerable population, we studied the concerns and difficulties associated with COVID-19 among older Mexican adults with cancer. Methods: We included patients age ≥65 with the 10 most common tumors in Mexico according to GLOBOCAN and within 3-24 months of cancer diagnosis at two public hospitals in Mexico City. Patients were contacted telephonically and asked to complete a survey reporting the difficulties encountered during the COVID-19 pandemic and to rate their concerns associated with cancer care management using a 0-10 Likert-type scale, with higher ratings meaning increased concerns. Focused interviews were used to describe the individual experience of selected patients and their relatives related to COVID-19 and cancer care. Results: Between April 20, 2020 and December 1, 2021, 67 patients (mean age 71.9, min 65, max 90; 35.8% female; 62.7% living with a partner) were included. The most common tumors were prostate (43%), colon (16%), and lung (12%). 46% had Stage IV disease, and 61% had a life expectancy of more than a year. Twenty-five percent of patients reported encountering at least one difficulty in obtaining cancer care due to the COVID-19 pandemic. 43% of the patients reported difficulties with accessing follow-up cancer care; 39% reported issues with obtaining medications, including chemotherapy; and 34% reported problems obtaining medical care in general, including oncology visits. Regarding concerns, 33% of the patients reported being “very worried” or “extremely worried” about the COVID-19 pandemic. The most relevant concerns were related to getting infected with COVID-19 (or having a family member who became infected) (mean rating 7.9, SD 2.9); not being able to pay for cancer treatments or medical care (mean rating 6.9, SD 3.5); and worsening of cancer due to delayed care during the pandemic (mean rating 6.6, SD 3.7). Conclusions: A significant proportion of older adults with cancer in Mexico faced difficulties obtaining cancer treatment and follow-up care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Their most relevant concerns included getting infected, financial losses, and progression of disease. Creating systems to provide continued cancer care for vulnerable populations in developing countries is essential to face the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Prevalence And Risk Factors Of Internet Addiction Among Hungarian High School Teachers

10.21203/rs.3.rs-109349/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Gabor Toth ◽

Krisztian Kapus ◽

David Hesszenberger ◽

Marietta Pohl ◽

Gabor Kosa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

High School ◽

High School Teachers ◽

Internet Addiction ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

Family Status ◽

School Teachers ◽

Younger Age ◽

Secondary Employment

Abstract The extensive availability of internet has led to the the recognition of problematic internet use (so called internet addiction, IA) mostly involving adolescents. There is insufficient data about the prevalence of IA in adults. Here we present a study focusing on the prevalence and risk factors of internet addiction among high school teachers.Overall 2500 paper-based questionnaires were successfully delivered and 1817 responses received (response rate of 72.7%). 1194 females (65.7%) and 623 males (34.3%) participated in our study.In a multivariate analysis including of all factors (demographic data, internet habits, comorbidity etc) age < 35 years (OR: 6.098, CI: 5.09-7.08, p<0.001), male gender (OR=5.413, CI: 4.39-6.18, p=0.002), surfing on the internet > 5 hours daily (OR 2.568, CI: 2.03-3.39, p<0.001), having no children (OR: 1.353, CI: 1.13-1.99, p=0.0248), and having secondary employment (OR=11.377, CI: 8.67-13.07, p=0.001) were significantly associated with internet addiction.This is the first study from Hungary showing the prevalence and risk factors of internet addiction among high school teachers. A small, but significant proportion suffered from IA. Our study also draws attention to the risk factors of IA such as younger age, family status and working type.

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The provision and utilisation of casemix and demographic data by nursing managers in seven hospitals

Australian Health Review ◽

10.1071/ah030209 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 209 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Nicole Blay ◽

Judith Donoghue

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Financial Management ◽

Nurse Managers ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Aged Care ◽

Public Hospitals ◽

Management Decision ◽

Essential Information ◽

Related Data ◽

Nursing Managers

The role of the nursing manager has evolved from clinician and bed manager to one with greater accountability for evidence based practice, benchmarking and more recently, budget liability. Casemix data are widely believed to be a means of providing essential information for effective decision making and financial management but have not been widely utilised by nursing managers (Diers & Bozzo,1999). This paper will report the results of a survey of nursing managers in seven hospitals within a metropolitan area health service. The hospitals include tertiary referral hospitals, specialist public hospitals and an affiliated public hospital for aged care and rehabilitation services. The survey sought to establish what casemix and related data were provided to nurse managers, who provided these data and how supplied data were utilised by the nurse managers. Results demonstrated that the majority of nursing managers surveyed received minimal (if any) casemix and/or demographic data on a routine basis. Some were provided with data in response to specific requests. The information that was provided varied both within and across hospitals, and no consistent methods of data distribution were available. Few nursing managers believed that the information provided aided their decision-making processes partly due to the minimalist nature of provided data while some nursing managers demonstrated a lack of understanding of the potential benefit of casemix data as a resource to support management decision making.

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P142: The anticoagulated trauma patient: a Canadian experience in the era of direct oral anticoagulants

CJEM ◽

10.1017/cem.2016.316 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 18 (S1) ◽

pp. S125-S125 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

B. Wood ◽

A. Ackery ◽

S. Rizoli ◽

B. Nascimento ◽

M. Sholzberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Trauma Patient ◽

Injury Severity ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Oral Anticoagulants ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Direct Oral Anticoagulants ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

Common Mechanism ◽

Trauma Patients ◽

Trauma Population

Introduction: The anticoagulated trauma patient is a particularly vulnerable population. Our current practice is guided by experience with patients taking vitamin K dependent antagonists (VKA, like warfarin). It is currently unknown how the increasing use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) will change our trauma population. We collected data about this new subset of patients to compare their clinical characteristics to patients on pre-injury VKA therapy. Methods: Retrospective review of anticoagulated trauma patients presenting to Toronto’s two adult trauma centres, Saint Michael’s Hospital and Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, from June 2014-June 2015 was undertaken. Patients were recruited through the institutions’ trauma registries and were eligible if they suffered a traumatic injury and taking an oral anticoagulant pre-injury. Clinical and demographic data were extracted by a trained reviewer and analysed with descriptive statistics. Results: Our study recruited 85 patients, 33% were taking DOACs and 67% VKAs. Trauma patients on DOACs & VKAs respectively had similar baseline characteristics such as age (75.9 vs 77.4), initial injury severity score (ISS (16.9 vs 20.6)) and concomitant antiplatelet use (7.1% vs 5.4%). Both groups’ most common mechanism for injury was falls and the most common indication for anticoagulation was atrial fibrillation. Patients on DOACs tended to have lower average INR (1.25 vs 2.3) and serum creatinine (94.9 vs 127.4). Conclusion: Patients on DOACs pre-injury now account for a significant proportion of orally anticoagulated trauma patients. Patients on DOACs tended to have less derangement of basic hematological parameters complicating diagnosis and management of coagulopathy.

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Evaluation of Determinants of Food Waste in Family Households in the Greater Porto Area Based on Self-Reported Consumption Practices

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12218781 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (21) ◽

pp. 8781

Author(s):

Taíse Portugal ◽

Susana Freitas ◽

Luís Miguel Cunha ◽

Ada Margarida Correia Nunes Rocha

Keyword(s):

Food Waste ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

Grocery Shopping ◽

Food Groups ◽

Convenience Sample ◽

The North ◽

The Individual

Despite food waste occurring along the entire food supply chain, a significant proportion occurs in domestic settings. Large quantities of domestic food waste have been attributable to consumer behaviors during buying, cooking, consumption, and disposal. The main objective of this research was to understand the major determinants of household food waste from families in the north of Portugal. A convenience sample was used, which was drawn from households in the Greater Porto Area. Data were collected through a self-reported questionnaire that included three groups of structured questions related to perceived behavior and attitudes towards food consumption, leftover usage, and food waste. Exploratory data analysis was used to identify underlying dimensions. No relationships were found between socio-demographic data and food waste, buying behavior, or destination/use of leftovers. The majority of the participants reported a high level of planning of their grocery shopping. Fruits and vegetables presented the highest frequency of consumption, followed by sources of carbohydrates and sources of proteins. The storage of cooked food from different food groups presented a single factor, grouping the majority of the individual food leftovers, going from fruits and vegetables to sources of carbohydrates and proteins. The reported levels of wastage of the different food products were grouped into three dimensions: waste of vegetables, waste of protein sources, and waste of sources of carbohydrates. Waste of precooked foods emerged as an independent item, and it was the individual item with the highest frequency. The families studied reported a positive attitude concerning buying, consumption, and wastage, revealing a particular awareness of food waste and its social and environmental impact.

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The Role of Empathy and Adult Attachment in Predicting Stigma toward Severe and Persistent Mental Illness and other Psychosocial or Health Conditions

Journal of Mental Health Counseling ◽

10.17744/mehc.38.1.05 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 62-78 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marcia Webb ◽

Jessica Peterson ◽

Stephanie C. Willis ◽

Heather Rodney ◽

Erin Siebert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Attachment Style ◽

Adult Attachment ◽

Behavioral Problems ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

Psychological Disorder ◽

Hierarchical Regression ◽

Adult Attachment Style ◽

Persistent Mental Illness ◽

Interaction Terms

Research suggests that empathy may reduce stigma, while adult attachment style may influence empathy. We examined stigma toward schizophrenia and other psychosocial or health concerns. We created vignettes describing a person displaying behavioral problems with different reasons offered for the behavior. Vignettes were followed by stigma items. Participants (N = 347) also completed empathy and adult attachment scales. The most stigma was found with a homelessness vignette, and the least with an Alzheimer's disease vignette. No significant differences in stigma were found between bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, or “severe psychological disorder” vignettes. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated a significant main effect for empathy. Interaction terms for empathy and adult attachment did not explain a significant proportion of stigma variance. Results are discussed in terms of mainstream conceptions of these conditions.

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