Quantitative Analyses by Fluorescent X-Ray Spectrography. Determination of Germanium in Coal and Coal Ash

1957 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 1009-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Campbell ◽  
H. F. Carl ◽  
C. E. White
Keyword(s):  
Coal Ash ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Quantitative Analyses

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF TYPE AND MARK OF PROJECTILES BY METHOD OF X-RAY FLUORESCENCE SPECTRAL ANALYSIS IN THE STUDY OF PNEUMATICALLY SHOT INJURIOUS TO SOME CLOTHING MATERIALS

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 391-398
Author(s):  
I. M. Kozachenko
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Medical Examination ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Foreign Production ◽  
Quantitative Analyses

The X-ray fluorescence spectral qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed for the elemental composition of 4 marks of bullets for pneumatic weapon of home and foreign production, and also for imitators of common clothing materials camouflage fabric and cotton knitwear. It is determined that lead bullets for pneumatic weapons are capable to introduce some elements of their composition, which are inherent in one or another mark of bullets, to the area of damage on certain clothing materials, in particular, camouflage fabric and cotton knitwear. This expands the possibilities of forensic medical examination when dealing with a problem of determining the type and mark of a bullet or of a small group of bullets similar in their elemental composition, due to which the pneumatical shot injuries of examined objects took place.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF ASH CONTENT IN COAL BY X-RAY FLUORESCENCE ANALYSIS Authors D Baimolda

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-84
Author(s):  
D. Baimolda ◽  
◽  
T. Cechak ◽  
Sh. Shyngysova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Coal Quality ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Burning Coal

This article discusses the advantages of X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF) techniques for the determination of ash in coal. The quality of coal depends on the amount of ash contained in it. On the other hand, ash causes irreversible environmental damage when using coal as a source of energy. Since coal is considered as the most important source of energy, coal quality is directly related to ash, which correlates with its non-combustible minerals and elements. Some elements such as S (sulfur), Ti (titanium), Ca (calcium), Fe (iron) after burning coal can have an adverse impact on the environment. Thus, we have demonstrated in this study how we can determine the ash content consisting of noncombustible minerals in the composition of coal and, thus, assess the quality of coal using X-ray fluorescence research. It also describes how we can determine coal ash samples using the XRF analyzer 123-1 in online, which is one of the most optimal methods in nuclear physics.

Structure determination of MBE-grown GaAs(001)-2×4 surfaces by quantitative RHEED analyses

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 1008-1009
Author(s):  
Y. Ma ◽  
S. Lordi ◽  
J. A. Eades
Keyword(s):  
Gallium Arsenide ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Structure Determination ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Mbe Growth ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Device Structures ◽  
Structure Determinations ◽  
Quantitative Analyses

The GaAs(001) surface is the most widely used gallium arsenide face in the MBE growth of multilayer electronic device structures. Various reconstructions on this face have been reported. They range from the As-rich (2×4) to the Ga-rich (4×2). The As-rich (2×4) surface is the most important one of these, since MBE growth usually starts and ends with this surface. A multislice formalism of Cowley & Moodie with a recently developed edge patching method has been applied to quantitative analyses of the RHEED patterns from MBE grown GaAs(001)-2×4 surfaces. The analyses are based on the ordering of visually estimated spot intensities of the observed RHEED patterns from the GaAs(001)-2×4 surfaces, which is similar to the approach used in early X-ray structure determinations. The surface structure has been proved to be a dimerized vacant 2×4 reconstruction with one dimer of every four missing, which is consistent with previous STM observations.

Determination of coal ash content by the combined x-ray fluorescence and scattering spectrum

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 023103 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. F. Mikhailov ◽  
A. A. Baturin ◽  
A. I. Mikhailov ◽  
S. S. Borisova ◽  
L. P. Fomina
Keyword(s):  
Coal Ash ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scattering Spectrum

scholarly journals Method of determination of palladium concentration for C-Pd nanostructural films as a function of film thickness, roughness and topography

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-235
Author(s):  
Joanna Rymarczyk ◽  
Mirosław Kozłowski
Keyword(s):  
Film Thickness ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Quartz Substrate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Method Of Determination ◽  
Palladium Concentration ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Model Film

AbstractIn this paper a method of determination of Pd in a carbon-palladium film (C-Pd film) deposited on a quartz substrate is presented. This method is based on energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and all experiments were performed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with EDX system. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were carried out for C-Pd films prepared by PVD method in different technological conditions. It was shown that results of the experiments depended on the structural model, film thickness and electron beam energy used for Pd content calculation.This method enabled us to conclude on the homogeneity of palladium distribution in the whole volume of carbonaceous matrix, depending on the parameters of PVD process. Additionally, these studies showed that a different palladium concentration in C-Pd films had a significant impact on their topography and morphology.

Lateral resolution of the electron microbeam analysis

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 542-543
Author(s):  
H.J. Dudek
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Depth Resolution ◽  
Lateral Resolution ◽  
Cylindrical Particle ◽  
Correction Procedure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Element Concentrations ◽  
Microbeam Analysis ◽  
The Matrix

The chemical inhomogenities in modern materials such as fibers, phases and inclusions, often have diameters in the region of one micrometer. Using electron microbeam analysis for the determination of the element concentrations one has to know the smallest possible diameter of such regions for a given accuracy of the quantitative analysis.In th is paper the correction procedure for the quantitative electron microbeam analysis is extended to a spacial problem to determine the smallest possible measurements of a cylindrical particle P of high D (depth resolution) and diameter L (lateral resolution) embeded in a matrix M and which has to be analysed quantitative with the accuracy q. The mathematical accounts lead to the following form of the characteristic x-ray intens ity of the element i of a particle P embeded in the matrix M in relation to the intensity of a standard S

Sem and X-Ray Analysis of Renal and Biliary Calculi

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 306-307
Author(s):  
R. J. Narconis ◽  
G. L. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Natural State ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Additional Dimension ◽  
Biliary Calculi ◽  
Calculus Formation ◽  
Scanning Electron

Analysis of the constituents of renal and biliary calculi may be of help in the management of patients with calculous disease. Several methods of analysis are available for identifying these constituents. Most common are chemical methods, optical crystallography, x-ray diffraction, and infrared spectroscopy. The application of a SEM with x-ray analysis capabilities should be considered as an additional alternative.A scanning electron microscope equipped with an x-ray “mapping” attachment offers an additional dimension in its ability to locate elemental constituents geographically, and thus, provide a clue in determination of possible metabolic etiology in calculus formation. The ability of this method to give an undisturbed view of adjacent layers of elements in their natural state is of advantage in determining the sequence of formation of subsequent layers of chemical constituents.

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