Behavioral Changes in Glutenin Macropolymer Fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum LB-1 to Promote the Rheological and Gas Production Properties of Dough

Abstract The objective of the present study was to evaluate the use of bacterial additive (Lactobacillus plantarum and Propionibacterium acidipropionici) on chemical composition, in vitro gas production, pH, losses, aerobic stability, and microbial population of corn, pearl millet, and sorghum silages in plastic bags silos (without vacuum). The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, in a 2 × 3 factorial scheme, with or without additive ([Control] without additive and Lactobacillus plantarum [2.5 × 1010 cfu/g] and Propionibacterium acidipropionici [2.5 × 1010 cfu/g] Biomax corn, Lallemand, Saint-Simon, France [LP]) and three crops of agricultural interest; pearl millet, sorghum, and corn, with four replicates per treatment. We performed chemical analyses and in vitro gas production to determine the nutritional value of the silages. We also evaluated the aerobic stability, ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3), pH, and microbial population of the silages. The additive increased the crude protein content (P = 0.0062) in corn and sorghum and decreased the LIG content (P = 0.0567). The gas production was not affected (P > 0.05) by the additive and neither between crops. In aerobic stability, we observed that the additive affected the temperature of the sorghum silage (P = 0.0123). The additive decreased NH3 (P = 0.0095) content. The additive increased (P = 0.0441) the lactic acid bacteria population in the pearl millet, corn, and sorghum silages. Thus, the bacterial additive did not improve the fermentation profile and nutritional value of corn, pearl millet, and sorghum silages in plastic bag silos.

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Effects of wilting and additives on the ensiling quality and in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics of sudangrass silage

Animal Bioscience ◽

10.5713/ajas.20.0079 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 56-65

Author(s):

Jiang Chun Wan ◽

Kai Yun Xie ◽

Yu Xiang Wang ◽

Li Liu ◽

Zhu Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Production Rate ◽

Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Rumen Fermentation ◽

Gas Production ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Ruminal Fermentation ◽

Fresh Matter ◽

Positive Effects

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of molasses and Lactobacillus plantarum on the ensiling quality and in vitro rumen fermentation of sudangrass silage prepared with or without wilting.Methods: The ensiling experiment, measured with 3 replicates, was carried out according to a 2×4 (wilted stages×additives) factorial treatment structure. Dry matter of the fresh (210 g/kg fresh matter) or wilted (305 g/kg fresh matter) sudangrass were ensiled (packed into 5.0-L plastic jars) without additive (control) or with molasses (M), Lactobacillus plantarum (LP), or molasses + Lactobacillus plantarum (M+LP). After 60 days of ensiling, the silages were analyzed for the chemical, fermentation, and in vitro characteristics.Results: After 60 days of ensiling, the fermentation parameters were affected by wilted, the additives and the interactions of wilted with the additives (p<0.05). The M+LP treatment at wilted had higher lactic acid levels and V-score (p<0.05) but lower pH values and butyric acid concentrations than the other treatments. In comparison with sudangrass before ensiling, after ensiling had lower dry matter and higher non-fibrous carbohydrate. The in vitro gas production, in vitro dry matter digestibility, in vitro crude protein digestibility, and in vitro acid fiber detergent digestibility changed under the effects of the additives. Significant interactions were observed between wilted and the additives in terms of in vitro gas production at 48 h, asymptotic gas production, gas production rate, half time, and the average gas production rate. The total volatile fatty acid levels in the additive treatments were higher than those in the control.Conclusion: Wilting and supplementation with molasses and Lactobacillus plantarum had the ability to improve the ensiling quality and in vitro nutrient digestibility of sudangrass silage. The M+LP treatment at wilted exhibited the strongest positive effects on silage quality and in vitro ruminal fermentation characteristics.

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Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum BCC65951 inoculation in Napier Pakchong 1 silage on in vitro rumen degradability and growth performance of Brahman cattle

10.21203/rs.3.rs-18658/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Saowaluck Yammuen-art ◽

Soparak Khemarach ◽

Kattareeya Taja ◽

Vethachai Plengvidhya ◽

Ittiphon Phaopaisal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Gas Production ◽

Silage Fermentation ◽

Daily Body Weight ◽

Ruminal Degradation ◽

Silage Production

Abstract Background: Napier grass Pakchong 1 is used as a fodder crop in Southeast Asia. Unfortunately, its fermentation for silage production is challenging owing to the low dry mass content and epiphytic lactic acid bacteria. Here, Lactobacillus plantarum BCC65951 (LAB) inoculation was tested for impact on silage fermentation and use. Silage was prepared with or without inoculation of LAB and stored for 180 days prior to analysis.Results: Gas production at 4-24 h was significantly higher in LAB group (P=0.001). Therefore, the result implied the faster ruminal degradation of LAB, especially during the first 24 h. LAB-inoculated silage exhibited greater levels of lactic acid and in vitro rumen degradability compared to control silage, and significantly lower pH and acetic acid content. To investigate the effect of LAB inoculation on animal performance, ten Brahman bulls were fed on control or LAB-inoculated silage in a crossover experimental design. Animals fed with LAB-inoculated silage had significantly higher voluntary roughage intake and greater average daily body weight gain than those fed with control silage.Conclusions: Results from this study revealed the beneficial effect of Napier Pakchong 1 ensiled with L. plantarum BCC65951 inoculation, both on the fermentative quality of the silage and also the performance of animals fed with the inoculated silage.

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Supervision: A Case Study

Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools ◽

10.1044/0161-1461.0804.256 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 256-263

Author(s):

Roberta Chapey ◽

Geraldine Chapey

Keyword(s):

Organizational Communication ◽

Behavioral Changes ◽

Personal Problems ◽

Clinically Significant

Occasionally, it is the responsibility of a supervisor to help a staff speech clinician resolve professional and or personal problems that interfere with the delivery of quality services. To deal with this situation, the supervisor must be equipped with the techniques and procedures for effective organizational communication. This article presents a case study in which a speech clinician demonstrated irresponsibility in various job areas. The supervisor’s philosophy and the procedures used in managing these problems are presented. The behavioral changes suggest that the supervisor’s interventive procedures were clinically significant and warrant further investigation.

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Lactobacillus plantarum inhibits the transepithelial neutrophil migration induced by enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) infection in vitro

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(01)83349-7 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 120 (5) ◽

pp. A673-A673

Author(s):

S MICHAIL ◽

F ABERMATHY

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽

Neutrophil Migration ◽

Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli

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The Biological Clock and Sleep in the Elderly

Zeitschrift für Gerontopsychologie & -psychiatrie ◽

10.1024/1011-6877.19.1.45 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 45-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Myriam Juda ◽

Mirjam Münch ◽

Anna Wirz-Justice ◽

Martha Merrow ◽

Till Roenneberg

Keyword(s):

Circadian Rhythms ◽

Biological Clock ◽

The Elderly ◽

Early Morning ◽

Behavioral Changes ◽

Older Age ◽

Age Related ◽

Theoretical Considerations ◽

Sleep Difficulties ◽

Circadian Biology

Abstract: Among many other changes, older age is characterized by advanced sleep-wake cycles, changes in the amplitude of various circadian rhythms, as well as reduced entrainment to zeitgebers. These features reveal themselves through early morning awakenings, sleep difficulties at night, and a re-emergence of daytime napping. This review summarizes the observations concerning the biological clock and sleep in the elderly and discusses the documented and theoretical considerations behind these age-related behavioral changes, especially with respect to circadian biology.

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Age Differences in Eye Movements During Reading: Degenerative Problems or Compensatory Strategy?

European Psychologist ◽

10.1027/1016-9040/a000344 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (4) ◽

pp. 297-311

Author(s):

José David Moreno ◽

José A. León ◽

Lorena A. M. Arnal ◽

Juan Botella

Keyword(s):

Eye Movements ◽

Eye Movement ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Age Groups ◽

Behavioral Changes ◽

Aging Effects ◽

Movement Data ◽

Sentence Reading ◽

The Difference ◽

Eye Movements During Reading

Abstract. We report the results of a meta-analysis of 22 experiments comparing the eye movement data obtained from young ( Mage = 21 years) and old ( Mage = 73 years) readers. The data included six eye movement measures (mean gaze duration, mean fixation duration, total sentence reading time, mean number of fixations, mean number of regressions, and mean length of progressive saccade eye movements). Estimates were obtained of the typified mean difference, d, between the age groups in all six measures. The results showed positive combined effect size estimates in favor of the young adult group (between 0.54 and 3.66 in all measures), although the difference for the mean number of fixations was not significant. Young adults make in a systematic way, shorter gazes, fewer regressions, and shorter saccadic movements during reading than older adults, and they also read faster. The meta-analysis results confirm statistically the most common patterns observed in previous research; therefore, eye movements seem to be a useful tool to measure behavioral changes due to the aging process. Moreover, these results do not allow us to discard either of the two main hypotheses assessed for explaining the observed aging effects, namely neural degenerative problems and the adoption of compensatory strategies.

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