Ultra-Wide-Range Electrochemical Sensing Using Continuous Electrospun Carbon Nanofibers with High Densities of States

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 3394-3405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianwen Mao ◽  
Xiaoqing Yang ◽  
Gregory C. Rutledge ◽  
T. Alan Hatton
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanofibers ◽  
Electrochemical Sensing ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Densities Of States

scholarly journals Application of biosynthesized metal nanoparticles in electrochemical sensors

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-77
Author(s):  
Totka Dodevska ◽  
Dobrin Hadzhiev ◽  
Ivan Shterev ◽  
Yanna Lazarova
Keyword(s):  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Electrochemical Sensing ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Range Limit ◽  
Wide Range

Recently, the development of eco-friendly, cost-effective and reliable methods for synthesis of metal nanoparticles has drawn a considerable attention. The so-called green synthesis, using mild reaction conditions and natural resources as plant extracts and microorganisms, has established as a convenient, sustainable, cheap and environmentally safe approach for synthesis of a wide range of nanomaterials. Over the past decade, biosynthesis is regarded as an important tool for reducing the harmful effects of traditional nanoparticle synthesis methods commonly used in laboratories and industry. This review emphasizes the significance of biosynthesized metal nanoparticles in the field of electrochemical sensing. There is increasing evidence that green synthesis of nanoparticles provides a new direction in designing of cost-effective, highly sensitive and selective electrode-catalysts applicable in food, clinical and environmental analysis. The article is based on 157 references and provided a detailed overview on the main approaches for green synthesis of metal nanoparticles and their applications in designing of electrochemical sensor devices. Important operational characteristics including sensitivity, dynamic range, limit of detection, as well as data on stability and reproducibility of sensors have also been covered. Keywords: biosynthesis; green synthesis; nanomaterials; nanotechnology; modified electrodes

scholarly journals Droplet-based lab-on-chip platform integrated with laser ablated graphene heaters to synthesize gold nanoparticles for electrochemical sensing and fuel cell applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangam Srikanth ◽  
Sohan Dudala ◽  
U. S. Jayapiriya ◽  
J. Murali Mohan ◽  
Sushil Raut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Laser Power ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Electrochemical Sensing ◽  
Biofuel Cell ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Lab On Chip ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Effective Use

AbstractControlled, stable and uniform temperature environment with quick response are crucial needs for many lab-on-chip (LOC) applications requiring thermal management. Laser Induced Graphene (LIG) heater is one such mechanism capable of maintaining a wide range of steady state temperature. LIG heaters are thin, flexible, and inexpensive and can be fabricated easily in different geometric configurations. In this perspective, herein, the electro-thermal performance of the LIG heater has been examined for different laser power values and scanning speeds. The experimented laser ablated patterns exhibited varying electrical conductivity corresponding to different combinations of power and speed of the laser. The conductivity of the pattern can be tailored by tuning the parameters which exhibit, a wide range of temperatures making them suitable for diverse lab-on-chip applications. A maximum temperature of 589 °C was observed for a combination of 15% laser power and 5.5% scanning speed. A LOC platform was realized by integrating the developed LIG heaters with a droplet-based microfluidic device. The performance of this LOC platform was analyzed for effective use of LIG heaters to synthesize Gold nanoparticles (GNP). Finally, the functionality of the synthesized GNPs was validated by utilizing them as catalyst in enzymatic glucose biofuel cell and in electrochemical applications.

scholarly journals Advanced Solid State Nano-electrochemical Sensors and System for Agri 4.0 Applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Seymour ◽  
Tarun Narayan ◽  
Niamh Creedon ◽  
Kathleen Kennedy ◽  
Aidan Murphy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Ph Control ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Electrochemical Sensing ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Wide Range

Global food production needs to increase in order to meet the demands of an ever growing population. As resources are finite, the most feasible way to meet this demand is to minimize losses and improving efficiency. Regular monitoring of factors like animal health, soil and water quality for example, can ensure that the resources are being used to their maximum efficiency. Existing monitoring techniques however have limitations, such as portability, turnaround time and requirement for additional reagents. In this work, we explore the use of micro and nano scale electrode devices, for the development of electrochemical sensing platform to digitalize a wide range of applications within the Agri-food sector. With this platform, we demonstrate the direct electrochemical detection of pesticides, specifically clothianidin and imidacloprid with detection limits of 0.22 ng/mL and 2.14 ng/mL respectively, and nitrates with a detection limit of 0.2 µM. In addition, interdigitated electrode structures also enable an in-situ pH control technique to mitigate pH as an interference and modify analyte response. This technique is applied to the analysis of monochloramine, a common water disinfectant. Concerning biosensing, the sensors are modified with biomolecular probes for the detection of both bovine viral diarrhea virus particles and antibodies, over a range of 1 ng/mL to 10 µg/mL. Finally, a portable analogue front end electronic reader is developed to allow portable sensing, with control and readout undertaken using a smart phone application. Finally, the sensor chip platform is integrated with these electronics to provide a fully functional end-to-end smart sensor system compatible with emerging AgriFood digital decision support tools.

First-Principles Investigation of Structural, Elastic and Electronic Properties of Lanthanide Titanate Oxides Ln2TiO5

2011 ◽  
Vol 1298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Niu ◽  
Huiyang Gou ◽  
Rodney C. Ewing ◽  
Jie Lian
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Properties ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Shear Moduli ◽  
Charge Densities ◽  
Young’S Moduli ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Densities Of States ◽  
Complete Set

ABSTRACTSystematic first-principles calculations based on density functional theory were performed on a wide range of Ln2TiO5 compositions (Ln = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy and Y) in order to understand the correlation between structural, elastic and electronic properties. A complete set of elastic parameters including elastic constants, Hill’s bulk moduli, shear moduli, Young’s moduli and Poisson’s ratio, were calculated. All Ln2TiO5 are ductile in nature, and analysis of densities of states and charge densities suggests that the oxide bonds are highly ionic.

scholarly journals Nanoporous Carbon Nanofibers Decorated with Platinum Nanoparticles for Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensing of H2O2

Nanomaterials ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1891-1905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Li ◽  
Mingfa Zhang ◽  
Xiaopeng Zhang ◽  
Guocheng Xie ◽  
Zhiqiang Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanofibers ◽  
Platinum Nanoparticles ◽  
Nanoporous Carbon ◽  
Electrochemical Sensing

scholarly journals Advanced Solid State Nano-electrochemical Sensors and System for Agri 4.0 Applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Seymour ◽  
Tarun Narayan ◽  
Niamh Creedon ◽  
Kathleen Kennedy ◽  
Aidan Murphy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Ph Control ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Electrochemical Sensing ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Wide Range

Global food production needs to increase in order to meet the demands of an ever growing population. As resources are finite, the most feasible way to meet this demand is to minimize losses and improving efficiency. Regular monitoring of factors like animal health, soil and water quality for example, can ensure that the resources are being used to their maximum efficiency. Existing monitoring techniques however have limitations, such as portability, turnaround time and requirement for additional reagents. In this work, we explore the use of micro and nano scale electrode devices, for the development of electrochemical sensing platform to digitalize a wide range of applications within the Agri-food sector. With this platform, we demonstrate the direct electrochemical detection of pesticides, specifically clothianidin and imidacloprid with detection limits of 0.22 ng/mL and 2.14 ng/mL respectively, and nitrates with a detection limit of 0.2 µM. In addition, interdigitated electrode structures also enable an in-situ pH control technique to mitigate pH as an interference and modify analyte response. This technique is applied to the analysis of monochloramine, a common water disinfectant. Concerning biosensing, the sensors are modified with biomolecular probes for the detection of both bovine viral diarrhea virus particles and antibodies, over a range of 1 ng/mL to 10 µg/mL. Finally, a portable analogue front end electronic reader is developed to allow portable sensing, with control and readout undertaken using a smart phone application. Finally, the sensor chip platform is integrated with these electronics to provide a fully functional end-to-end smart sensor system compatible with emerging AgriFood digital decision support tools.

scholarly journals Impedimetric Sensors: Principles, Applications and Recent Trends

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 4015-4025
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ion ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Impedance Measurement ◽  
Electrical Circuit ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Electrochemical Sensing ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Sensing Platforms ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Electrical Analogy

This work figures the conceptual background of impedimetric measurements. Impedance measurement is a convenient approach for exploring the change in electrical behavior of diverse materials. An overview of in practice impedance analysis on CHI660D electrochemical work station is presented. Detection of microorganism causing foodborne diseases using IDE and other methods, toxic metal ion quantification, environment pollutant monitoring are described applications in this work. This work also reviewed the noticeable development in impedance measurement devices based on AD5933 such as bio-impedance measurement and explosive material detection. Biological signals are detected by transducing them into electrical analogy, detection of which is not a big issue. The main challenges are to convert biological signal into electrical information. Electrochemical sensors present captivating techniques to determine the content of sample under test. Electrochemical sensing platforms come up with an appealing methodology to interpret the concentration of biological sample as these sensors directly translate biological information to an electronic one. Huge amount of sensing platforms and corresponding devices has been developed. EIS is a rapid and easily computerized technique used to characterize biomolecules, inorganic materials, having a wide range of applications. The measured impedance spectra are generally fitted to an analogous electrical circuit model which constitutes an electrical documentation of the SUT by disclosing its behavior and properties. Quick, highly selective/specific and sensitive techniques to quantify biological and biochemical molecules and other target species are of great importance in biomedical and biotechnological application. Recent developments trends for handy, portable, fast and precise impedance analyzer is discussed. AD5933 evolution kit is reviewed.

scholarly journals N-Type Thermoelectric Textile Fabrics Based on Vapor Grown Carbon Nanofibers

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
S. Machado ◽  
E. M. F. Vieira ◽  
A. M. Rocha ◽  
A. J. Paleo
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Carbon Nanofibers ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Thermoelectric Module ◽  
Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Textile Fabrics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
P Type

Thermoelectric (TE) devices that convert a heat gradient directly into electricity are considered as a clean technology for energy harvesting. Both hole-transporting (p-type) and electron-transporting (n-type) materials are required in order to fabricate a thermoelectric module. Carbon nanotube (CNT)-based textile fabrics are relevant in this context for the production of wearable TE modules due to the combination of the high electrical conductivity and thermopower (Seebeck coefficient) from the CNT and the low thermal conductivity and flexibility provided by the textile fabric [1]. Nevertheless, most as-produced CNTs are p-type materials due to their inherent oxygen doping, and therefore the production of air- and thermally stable n-type CNT-based textile fabrics remains a challenge nowadays [2]. On the other hand, vapor-grown carbon nanofibers (VGCNF), produced by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), have similar structures to multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), which make them valuable for electronic applications. For instance, by adjusting process variables during their CVD and post-growth heat treatment, VGCNF can be tailored to have a wide range of thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity at room temperature. In particular, the unexpected n-type character at room temperature that they supply to dip-coated cotton fabrics will be the issue of this presentation [3].

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