Lowering of Homocysteine Concentrations in Elderly Men and Women

1999 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brönstrup ◽  
Hages ◽  
Pietrzik
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
B Vitamins ◽  
Vitamin Supplementation ◽  
Entire Treatment Period ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Total Homocysteine ◽  
B Vitamin ◽  
Plasma Total Homocysteine

B-vitamin supplementation has previously been shown to lower the concentration of plasma total homocysteine, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Little is known about the homocysteine-lowering effects of low-dose B-vitamins in elderly individuals, who are prone to higher homocysteine levels due to advanced age and a greater frequency of impaired vitamin status. We aimed to identify if and to what extent B-vitamins lower total homocysteine and its subfractions in elderly individuals. Men and women (>= 60 years) received either B-vitamins (400 mug folic acid +1.65 mg pyridoxine +3 mug cyanocobalamin) or a placebo daily for 4 weeks. Subjects in the vitamin group showed a significant decrease in plasma total homocysteine during the first 2 weeks; thereafter, total homocysteine only slightly decreased further resulting in a geometric mean reduction of –16.3% (95% CI: –11.3% to –21.0%) over the entire treatment period. Free homocysteine decreased as well. However, the observed higher ratio of free/total homocysteine after 4 weeks of supplementation suggest a more pronounced reduction in protein-bound homocysteine. Low-dose B-vitamin supplementation is effective in lowering homocysteine in elderly individuals. Further studies are needed to be able to depict the effect of B-vitamin supplementation on different homocysteine subfractions in plasma.

scholarly journals Plasma Total Homocysteine Levels among Patients Undergoing Nocturnal versus Standard Hemodialysis

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-268
Author(s):  
Allon N. Friedman ◽  
Andrew G. Bostom ◽  
Andrew S. Levey ◽  
Irwin H. Rosenberg ◽  
Jacob Selhub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Chronic Hemodialysis ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Vitamin Supplementation ◽  
Dialysis Unit ◽  
Total Homocysteine ◽  
Mild Hyperhomocysteinemia ◽  
B Vitamin ◽  
Stage Renal Disease

ABSTRACT. Mild hyperhomocysteinemia, a putative risk factor for arteriosclerotic outcomes, is seen in >85% of hemodialysis patients. Therapeutic strategies, including pharmacologic-dose B vitamin supplementation and “high-flux” or “super-flux” hemodialysis, have consistently failed to normalize total homocysteine (tHcy) levels in these patients. Predialysis plasma tHcy levels in 23 patients who were undergoing nocturnal hemodialysis (NHD) six or seven nights/wk were compared with those in 31 patients from the same Canadian dialysis unit who were undergoing chronic standard hemodialysis (SHD) (all <65 yr of age, undergoing thrice-weekly treatments). The SHD patients were similar to typical North American chronic hemodialysis patients with respect to B vitamin status and albumin, creatinine, and tHcy levels. Geometric mean tHcy levels for the NHD patients were significantly lower (12.7 versus 20.0 μM, P < 0.0001), as was the prevalence of mild-to-moderate hyperhomocysteinemia (>12 μM; NHD, 57%; SHD, 94%; P = 0.002). Analysis of covariance adjusted for plasma folate, vitamin B12, and pyridoxal 5′-phosphate levels, age, and gender confirmed that NHD was independently associated with 6.0 μM lower geometric mean tHcy levels (P = 0.001). It is concluded that tHcy levels are significantly lower among NHD patients, compared with SHD patients. Clinical trials will be necessary to confirm that NHD is effective in reducing tHcy levels among patients with dialysis-dependent end-stage renal disease.

scholarly journals Dietary predictors of plasma total homocysteine in the Hordaland Homocysteine Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana V. Konstantinova ◽  
Stein Emil Vollset ◽  
Paula Berstad ◽  
Per Magne Ueland ◽  
Christian A. Drevon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
B Vitamins ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Thcy Level ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Total Homocysteine ◽  
Dietary Components ◽  
Plasma Total Homocysteine

Established dietary predictors of plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) include folate, riboflavin, and vitamins B6and B12, while information is scarce regarding other dietary components. The aim of this study was to examine the relation between a variety of food groups, food items and nutrients, and plasma tHcy in a large population-based study. The study population included 5812 men and women aged 47–49 and 71–74 years who completed a 169-item FFQ. tHcy was examined across quartiles of dietary components by multiple linear regression analyses adjusting for age, sex, energy intake, various risk factors for elevated tHcy, as well as for dietary and plasma B-vitamins. Among 4578 non-users of vitamin supplements, intake of vegetables, fruits, cereals, eggs, fish and milk, as well as chicken and non-processed meats were inversely associated with tHcy level. The estimated mean difference in tHcy per increasing quartile of intake ranged from − 0·11 (95 % CI − 0·21, − 0·01) μmol/l for milk to − 0·32 (95 % CI − 0·42, − 0·22) μmol/l for vegetables. Positive associations were found for sweets and cakes. Whole-grain bread was significantly inversely related to tHcy only after additional adjustment for dietary and plasma B-vitamins. The nutrients folate, vitamin B6, B12, and riboflavin were inversely related to tHcy. Complex carbohydrates were inversely, and fat positively associated with tHcy, also after adjustment for dietary and plasma B-vitamins. In conclusion, food items rich in B-vitamins and with a low content of fat and sugar were related to lower tHcy levels. Eggs, chicken, non-processed meat, fish and milk were inversely associated with tHcy.

The role of hyperhomocysteinemia and B-vitamin deficiency in neurological and psychiatric diseases

2007 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rima Obeid ◽  
Andrew McCaddon ◽  
Wolfgang Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
Disease Risk ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Nervous System Diseases ◽  
Central Nervous System Diseases ◽  
Dependent Relationship ◽  
Total Homocysteine ◽  
B Vitamin ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Plasma Total Homocysteine

AbstractHyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is related to central nervous system diseases. Epidemiological studies show a positive, dose-dependent relationship between plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) concentration and neurodegenerative disease risk. tHcy is a marker of B-vitamin (folate, BClin Chem Lab Med 2007;45:1590–606.

scholarly journals Coffee Consumption and Circulating B-Vitamins in Healthy Middle-Aged Men and Women

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 1489-1496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arve Ulvik ◽  
Stein Emil Vollset ◽  
Geir Hoff ◽  
Per Magne Ueland
Keyword(s):  
Pyridoxal Phosphate ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
B Vitamins ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Coffee Intake ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
B Vitamin

Abstract Background: Coffee consumption has been associated with several risk factors for coronary heart disease, including increased cholesterol, increased blood pressure, and increased plasma total homocysteine (tHcy). tHcy is determined by several B-vitamins. However, reports about the association between coffee intake and B-vitamin status are few. Methods: We measured plasma B-vitamins and tHcy in a cohort of 10 601 healthy, middle-aged Norwegian men and women. Information about lifestyle factors, including coffee consumption, smoking, alcohol use, height, and weight, was obtained by interview. Results: Coffee consumption was dose-dependently associated with reduced plasma B-vitamin concentrations. Compared with coffee abstainers, individuals drinking ≥4 cups/day had 11.7% (P &lt; 0.001), 14.1% (P &lt; 0.001), and 5.5% (P = 0.01) lower plasma concentrations of folate, pyridoxal phosphate, and riboflavin, respectively, and the mean tHcy concentration was 6.8% (P &lt; 0.001) higher. Quantile regression analysis showed essentially no difference in B-vitamin concentrations between coffee consumption categories at low vitamin concentrations but a progressive increase in the difference at higher concentrations. This pattern of differences (effect profile) was found independently of smoking status, alcohol intake, and sex. The decrease in folate explained approximately half of the increase in tHcy. Conclusions: Coffee consumption was associated with reduced circulating B-vitamin concentrations. The observed effect profiles indicated that coffee consumption preferentially affected the upper, but not the lower, part of the B-vitamin concentration distributions. We hypothesize that coffee consumption may increase the loss of surplus B-vitamins by excretion in urine.

Relationship between dietary folate intakes, maternal plasma total homocysteine and B-vitamins during pregnancy and fetal growth in Japan

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 300-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidemi Takimoto ◽  
Natsuko Mito ◽  
Keizo Umegaki ◽  
Asako Ishiwaki ◽  
Kaoru Kusama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Maternal Plasma ◽  
B Vitamins ◽  
Dietary Folate ◽  
Total Homocysteine ◽  
Plasma Total Homocysteine

scholarly journals Folate and vitamin B12concentrations are associated with plasma DHA and EPA fatty acids in European adolescents: the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Iglesia ◽  
I. Huybrechts ◽  
M. González-Gross ◽  
T. Mouratidou ◽  
J. Santabárbara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
B Vitamins ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Total Homocysteine ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
B Vitamin ◽  
Helena Study

AbstractThis study aimed to examine the association between vitamin B6, folate and vitamin B12biomarkers and plasma fatty acids in European adolescents. A subsample from the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence study with valid data on B-vitamins and fatty acid blood parameters, and all the other covariates used in the analyses such as BMI, Diet Quality Index, education of the mother and physical activity assessed by a questionnaire, was selected resulting in 674 cases (43 % males). B-vitamin biomarkers were measured by chromatography and immunoassay and fatty acids by enzymatic analyses. Linear mixed models elucidated the association between B-vitamins and fatty acid blood parameters (changes in fatty acid profiles according to change in 10 units of vitamin B biomarkers). DHA, EPA) andn-3 fatty acids showed positive associations with B-vitamin biomarkers, mainly with those corresponding to folate and vitamin B12. Contrarily, negative associations were found withn-6:n-3 ratio,trans-fatty acids and oleic:stearic ratio. With total homocysteine (tHcy), all the associations found with these parameters were opposite (for instance, an increase of 10 nmol/l in red blood cell folate or holotranscobalamin in females produces an increase of 15·85 µmol/l of EPA (Pvalue <0·01), whereas an increase of 10 nmol/l of tHcy in males produces a decrease of 2·06 µmol/l of DHA (Pvalue <0·05). Positive associations between B-vitamins and specific fatty acids might suggest underlying mechanisms between B-vitamins and CVD and it is worth the attention of public health policies.

Plasma Total Homocysteine, B Vitamins, and Risk of Coronary Atherosclerosis

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 989-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Verhoef ◽  
Frans J. Kok ◽  
Dick A.C.M. Kruyssen ◽  
Evert G. Schouten ◽  
Jacqueline C.M. Witteman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
B Vitamins ◽  
Total Homocysteine ◽  
Plasma Total Homocysteine

scholarly journals B-vitamins and prevention of dementia

2008 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
B Vitamins ◽  
Vitamin Supplementation ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Principal Investigators ◽  
Individual Participant ◽  
B Vitamin

Elevated plasma homocysteine (Hcy) concentrations have been implicated with risk of cognitive impairment and dementia, but it is unclear whether low vitamin B12 or folate status is responsible for cognitive decline. Most studies reporting associations between cognitive function and Hcy or B-vitamins have used a cross-sectional or case–control design and have been unable to exclude the possibility that such associations are a result of the disease rather than being causal. The Hcy hypothesis of dementia has attracted considerable interest, as Hcy can be easily lowered by folic acid and vitamin B12, raising the prospect that B-vitamin supplementation could lower the risk of dementia. While some trials assessing effects on cognitive function have used folic acid alone, vitamin B12 alone or a combination, few trials have included a sufficient number of participants to provide reliable evidence. An individual-patient-data meta-analysis of all randomised trials of the effects on cognitive function and vascular risk of lowering Hcy with B-vitamins will maximise the power to assess the epidemiologically-predicted differences in risk. Among the twelve large randomised Hcy-lowering trials for prevention of vascular disease, data should be available on about 30 000 participants with cognitive function. The principal investigators of such trials have agreed to combine individual-participant data from their trials after their separate publication.

scholarly journals Plasma total homocysteine in a representative sample of 972 British men and women aged 65 and over

1997 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 691-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
CJ Bates ◽  
MA Mansoor ◽  
J van der Pols ◽  
A Prentice ◽  
TJ Cole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Representative Sample ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Total Homocysteine ◽  
Plasma Total Homocysteine

scholarly journals Low-dose folic acid supplementation does not influence plasma methionine concentrations in young non-pregnant women

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingeborg A. Brouwerv ◽  
Marijke van Dusseldorp ◽  
Marinus Duran ◽  
Chris M. G. Thomas ◽  
Joseph G. A. J. Hautvast ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Folic Acid Supplementation ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
Acid Supplementation ◽  
Erythrocyte Folate ◽  
Total Homocysteine ◽  
Plasma Total Homocysteine

An elevated plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) concentration is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and for having offspring with a neural-tube defect. Folate is a methyl donor in the remethylation of homocysteine into methionine. Although folic acid supplementation decreases tHcy concentrations, effects of folic acid supplementation on plasma methionine concentrations are unclear. There is also concern that folic acid supplementation negatively affects vitamin B12 status. We studied effects of low-dose folic acid supplementation on methionine and vitamin B12 concentrations in plasma. We also investigated whether baseline plasma methionine and tHcy concentrations correlated with the baseline folate and vitamin B12 status. For a period of 4 weeks, 144 young women received either 500 μg folic acid each day, or 500 μg folic acid and placebo tablets on alternate days, or a placebo tablet each day. Plasma methionine, tHcy and plasma vitamin B12 concentrations were measured at start and end of the intervention period. Folic acid supplementation had no effect on plasma methionine or plasma vitamin B12 concentrations although it significantly decreased tHcy concentrations. Plasma methionine concentrations showed no correlation with either tHcy concentrations (Spearman rs - 0·01, P = 0·89), or any of the blood vitamin variables at baseline. Baseline tHcy concentrations showed a slight inverse correlation with baseline concentrations of plasma vitamin B12 (rs - 0·25, P < 0·001), plasma folate (rs - 0·24, P < 0·01) and erythrocyte folate (rs - 0·19, P < 0·05). In conclusion, low-dose folic acid supplementation did not influence plasma methionine or plasma vitamin B12 concentrations. Furthermore, no correlation between plasma methionine concentrations and the blood folate and vitamin B12 status was shown.

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