The Self-Control Cognition Questionnaire

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 328-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce Maas ◽  
Ger P. J. Keijsers ◽  
Claudia M. Cangliosi ◽  
William van der Veld ◽  
Jorg Tanis-Jacobs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Change ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hair Pulling ◽  
The Third ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Hair Pulling Disorder ◽  
Habit Disorders

Abstract. Self-control cognitions arise right before or after someone gives in to an unwanted habit. This paper reports on the development of the 11-item Self-Control Cognition Questionnaire (SCCQ) in a series of three studies. In the first study (N = 308), we found that the SCCQ has a two-factor structure and is reliable. The factors were named “Giving way is rewarding” and “Resistance is impossible.” The construct validity of the SCCQ was assessed in the second study (N = 138). As expected, the SCCQ correlated positively and strongly with the preoccupation with unwanted habits and with the experience of craving, and correlations with one’s tendency to consider the long-term consequences of actions were small. The third study demonstrated that the SCCQ discriminates between patients with habit disorders (N = 63) and controls with non-pathological unwanted habits (N = 106). The SCCQ was sensitive to therapeutic change in two patient samples, one suffering from hair pulling disorder and the other from pathological skin picking. The SCCQ is applicable to unwanted habits in general, both pathological and non-pathological. It is proven to have sound psychometric properties and is suitable for use in practice.

scholarly journals Touchy Thinking: Interactivity Improves Planning Performance

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Henderson
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Self Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Everyday Activity ◽  
Down Low ◽  
Video Viewing ◽  
Planning Ability ◽  
Memory Resources ◽  
The Impact

Planning is an everyday activity that is extended in time and space, yet is frequently studied in the absence of interactivity. Successful planning relies on an array of executive functions including self-control. We investigated the effects of interactivity and self-control on planning using a sequential-task paradigm. Half of the participants first completed a video-viewing task requiring self-control of visual attention, whereas the other half completed the same task without the self-control constraint. Next, and within each of these groups, half of the participants manipulated cards to complete their plan (high-interactivity condition); for the other half, plans were made with their hands down (low-interactivity condition). Planning performance was significantly better in the high- than in the low-interactivity conditions; however the self-control manipulation had no impact on planning performance. An exploration of individual differences revealed that long-term planning ability and non-planning impulsiveness moderated the impact of interactivity on planning. These findings suggest that interactivity augments working memory resources and planning performance, underscoring the importance of an interactive perspective on planning research.

Consequences of Interaction

2019 ◽  
pp. 121-190
Author(s):  
Saskia T. Roselaar
Keyword(s):  
Public And Private ◽  
Republican Period ◽  
The Third ◽  
Long Term Consequences

Chapter 4 investigates the long-term consequences of the association between Rome and the Italians. This chapter looks at changes in institutions and laws that occurred in the Republican period, as well as systems of weights, measures, and coinage, which varied widely throughout Italy. Secondly, this chapter discusses how wealth was invested in public and private building in Italy. Next, chapter 4 also looks in more detail at cultural and linguistic changes in Italy in the Republican period. Furthermore, the chapter discusses the concept of Italia and of an Italian identity, which emerged in the third and second centuries. Finally, this chapter discusses the attempts of the Romans to maintain the Italians’ loyalty, by making sure the benefits of association with Rome outweighed the disadvantages.

scholarly journals Power and Persuasion: Processes by Which Perceived Power Can Influence Evaluative Judgments

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Briñol ◽  
Richard E. Petty ◽  
Geoffrey R. O. Durso ◽  
Derek D. Rucker
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Evaluative Judgments ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Structured Approach ◽  
Perceived Power

The present review focuses on how power—as a perception regarding the self, the source of the message, or the message itself—affects persuasion. Contemporary findings suggest that perceived power can increase or decrease persuasion depending on the circumstances and thus might result in both short-term and long-term consequences for behavior. Given that perceptions of power can produce different, and even opposite, effects on persuasion, it might seem that any relationship is possible and thus prediction is elusive or impossible. In contrast, the present review provides a unified perspective to understand and organize the psychological literature on the relationship between perceived power and persuasion. To accomplish this objective, present review identifies distinct mechanisms by which perceptions of power can influence persuasion and discusses when these mechanisms are likely to operate. In doing so, this article provides a structured approach for studying power and persuasion via antecedents, consequences, underlying psychological processes, and moderators. Finally, the article also discusses how power can affect evaluative judgments more broadly.

scholarly journals The Self, the Other, and the International Student

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 314-318
Author(s):  
David Starr-Glass
Keyword(s):  
International Students ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
International Student ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Georg Simmel ◽  
Cultural Alienation ◽  
Short And Long Term

A sense of strangerhood, which is different from social isolation or cultural alienation, is common among many of the international students whom I encounter. In a world increasingly preoccupied with personal interaction and social exchange, many of these students perceive strangerhood as problematic and inherently negative. This brief reflection considers strangerhood from the perspective of Georg Simmel and argues that being a stranger has considerable positive value. Recognition of strangerhood is a critical element in developing a greater understanding of both the self and the Other. Legitimizing the experience of strangerhood, emphasizing its potential value, and empowering students to embrace it may provide significant short- and long-term benefits for international students in their personal and transformative journeys.

/ka-/ negative prefix of Choswateng Tibetan of Khams (Shangri-La, Yunnan)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 593-629
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Suzuki ◽  
Lozong Lhamo
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Feature ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
The South ◽  
Rhetorical Question ◽  
The Third ◽  
South Eastern

Abstract Choswateng Tibetan, spoken in the south-eastern corner of the Khams region, has three negative prefixes: /ȵi-/, /ma-/, and /ka-/. The first two are derived from two morphemes which are ubiquitous across Tibetic languages, whereas the third is a newly generated negative prefix found in Choswateng Tibetan as well as its surrounding dialects belonging to the rGyalthang subgroup of Khams and its neighbours. This article describes the morphological feature and use of the prefix /ka-/ in Choswateng Tibetan. Morphologically, the prefix /ka-/ can co-occur with most verbs except for the copulative verb /ˊreʔ/. Pragmatically, the prefix /ka-/ occurs and is restricted in the following ways: (1) expresses ‘definitely not’ for statements regarding the self, and ‘possibly not, judging from the speaker’s knowledge’ for statements regarding others; (2) co-occurs with egophoric and sensory evidentials; (3) is not used for a negation of accomplished aspect; and (4) does not deprive the function of the other two negative prefixes. These two analyzes are mutually related; it is suggested that the reason why /ka-/ cannot co-occur with the copulative verb /ˊreʔ/ is triggered by a contradiction of implied evidentials: /ka-/ is related to egophoric and sensory, whereas /ˊreʔ/ is statemental. Following the description of its use, we discuss the origin of /ka-/, claiming a possible grammaticalization from an interrogative word gar (‘where’ in Literary Tibetan and common throughout the rGyalthang area) in a rhetorical question to a prefix. Referring to several morphological features of /ka-/, we consider its grammaticalization as ongoing, but most advanced in Choswateng Tibetan.

The Self

Brain-Mind ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 252-276
Author(s):  
Paul Thagard
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Mental Representations ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Social Mechanisms ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Social ◽  
Multiple Levels

The self is a complex of mechanisms at multiple levels that include the molecular and the social. Semantic pointers are crucial to the self with respect to various phenomena, including how one represents oneself to oneself and to others, as well as in how one evaluates oneself. Also explained are operations that the self does to itself in efforts to achieve short-term goals such as self-control and long-term goals such as self-fulfillment. Semantic pointer explanations of images, concepts, and other mental representations are important for understanding how selves accomplish their goals. Representations of the self via semantic pointers can recursively be bound into semantic pointers for beliefs, desires, and intentions. Discussion of the social mechanisms relevant to the self begins to connect neural and mental mechanisms with discussions of social sciences and professions.

Self-Control and Enuresis

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tammie Ronen ◽  
Giora Rahav ◽  
Yochanan Wozner
Keyword(s):  
Token Economy ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Cognitive Components ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The One

This paper presents the link between self-control and childhood enuresis, assuming that enuresis is maintained by deficiencies in self-control skills, whether caused by physiological, behavioral, or cognitive components. Acquisition of self-control skills is proposed as helping in eliminating enuresis. Seventy-seven enuretic children (aged 7 to 14) were randomly assigned to three treatment modes (bell and pad, token economy, and cognitive therapy) and to one control group. The self-control skills of children and their parents and the frequency of enuresis were measured before and after treatment. Results showed a negative correlation between self-control and enuresis on the one hand and between the acquisition of self-control skills and recovery from enuresis on the other hand. The results also highlighted the need for a follow-up period to determine the different longer-term effects of treatments.

The Importance of Self-Esteem

2018 ◽  
pp. 27-46
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Mruk
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Personal Career ◽  
Self Protection

The second chapter focuses on the two major functions of self-esteem, especially as they occur in relation to positive psychology, self-control or regulation, and positive emotions. One important function is self-protection, which concerns maintaining a sense of self and identity. In this sense, self-esteem is seen as buffering us from stress in everyday life, helping us deal with disappointment, and bouncing back from failure. The other major self-esteem function concerns enhancement or the expansion of the self and its abilities. In this case, it is shown how healthy self-esteem plays a pivotal role in helping us move beyond our comfort zone, take risks to reach past current limits, see new possibilities, and explore different personal, career, and interpersonal dimensions of life. This material also includes examining the three major theories of self-esteem and the nature of positive emotions.

Parallelae Vitae: Antiquities Smuggling and Hidden Incomes in Greece

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-436
Author(s):  
Konstantinos-Orfeas Sotiriou
Keyword(s):  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Delinquent Behaviour ◽  
Economic Phenomenon ◽  
Income Hiding

AbstractNowadays, the antiquities-smuggling phenomenon seems more complicated than many researchers thought before. Antiquity looting is delinquent behaviour and a criminal activity. Hence, it is closely connected to many of the other problems that Greece is currently facing. This article tries to set the smuggling problem in a wider frame. More specifically, many researchers have pointed to the long-term inability of Greece’s tax services to detect income hiding. This has led to increased tax evasion and a shadow economic phenomenon. Moreover, researchers and institutions have made the conclusion that self-employed persons / freelancers in Greece have an increased capability for income hiding, irrespective of the origin of the money. A thorough examination of the occupations of 497 arrested people in Greece revealed that, indeed, the majority of them fall in the self-employed/freelance category. The results of this article are based on the 291 official arrests that took place from 1999 to 2015.

scholarly journals Impulsivity and the Self-Defeating Behavior of Narcissists

2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simine Vazire ◽  
David C. Funder
Keyword(s):  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Parsimonious Explanation ◽  
Strong Positive Relationship ◽  
Affective Processes ◽  
The Status

Currently prominent models of narcissism (e.g., Morf & Rhodewalt, 2001) primarily explain narcissists' self-defeating behaviors in terms of conscious cognitive and affective processes. We propose that the disposition of impulsivity may also play an important role. We offer 2 forms of evidence. First, we present a meta-analysis demonstrating a strong positive relationship between narcissism and impulsivity. Second, we review and reinterpret the literature on 3 hallmarks of narcissism: self-enhancement, aggression, and negative long-term outcomes. Our reinterpretation argues that impulsivity provides a more parsimonious explanation for at least some of narcissists' self-defeating behavior than do existing models. These 2 sources of evidence suggest that narcissists' quest for the status and recognition they so intensely desire is thwarted, in part, by their lack of the self-control necessary to achieve those goals.

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