Macro-Ethics: The Current State of the Family Field

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terence Patterson ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Current State ◽  
The Family

scholarly journals Modelling of framework materials at multiple scales: current practices and open questions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Fraux ◽  
Siwar Chibani ◽  
François-Xavier Coudert
Keyword(s):  
Atomistic Simulation ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Computational Point ◽  
Framework Materials ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Modelling Framework ◽  
Current State ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
The Family

The last decade has seen an explosion of the family of framework materials and their study, both from the experimental and computational point of view. We propose here a short highlight of the current state of methodologies for modelling framework materials at multiple scales, putting together a brief review of new methods and recent endeavours in this area, as well as outlining some of the open challenges in this field. We will detail advances in atomistic simulation methods, the development of materials databases, and the growing use of machine learning for properties prediction.

The recently proposed odonatan ‘suborder’ Cephalozygoptera: fact or fiction

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-170
Author(s):  
ANDRÉ NEL ◽  
DARAN ZHENG
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Burmese Amber ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Family

The new ‘suborder’ Cephalozygoptera was recently proposed for three fossil families of damselfly-like Odonata, on the basis of three characters of the head. Here we show, thanks to counter-examples of the presence of these characters in compression fossils of genuine Zygoptera, that these ‘characters’ do not exist in reality but are due to deformations and compression of the heads, a very frequent phenomenon in the fossil record of the whole superorder Odonatoptera. Furthermore, these alleged characters would have to have been regarded as symplesiomorphies, insufficient to support a new clade. Consequently, we consider the Cephalozygoptera as unfounded, to be rejected in the current state of knowledge. A new phylogenetic analysis of the whole clade Panodonata would be welcome. We also discuss the position of some previously described fossils: the Paleocene genus Valerea is restored in the Epallagidae (Euphaeidae), and the two Burmese amber genera Electrodysagrion and Palaeodysagrion are restored in the family Dysagrionidae.

Crayfish Aquaculture

2020 ◽  
pp. 260-284
Author(s):  
W. Ray McClain
Keyword(s):  
Life Histories ◽  
Procambarus Clarkii ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
South Central ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Freshwater Crustacean ◽  
Central Usa

Crayfish have been in demand as desirable food items around the globe for centuries, and entrepreneurs have capitalized on this demand by developing and applying aquaculture principals for the intentional culture of this freshwater crustacean. The current state of the art has advanced within the last half century and is centered on a handful of species, represented by three different families, with some level of commercial production occurring on all continents except Antarctica. Procambarus clarkii (family Cambaridae), a native of south central USA, is cultured in the USA and China and easily forms the bulk of farm-raised and wild-captured crayfish globally. One North American species (Pacifastacus leniusculus) and two European species (Astacus astacus and A. leptodactylus) constitute the main cultured species from the family Astacidae and are grown in small operations throughout Europe and parts of Asia. Four species (Parastacidae), all natives of Oceania, are cultured in their native ranges and were also introduced for aquaculture in several locations around the globe. Cherax destructor and C. albidus, both commonly referred to as yabby, are medium-size crayfish and share similar life histories, whereas C. quadricarinatus (redclaw crayfish) and C. cainii (smooth marron) are larger and more valuable but have very different geographical origins. While commercial crayfish aquaculture is typically based on an extensive or semi-extensive production approach in earthen ponds, more intensive approaches may involve selective breeding, improved strains, brood or nursery phases, and use of raceways or recirculation systems. Pond size can range from 0.05 to 80 ha, depending on the species cultured. Harvesting is accomplished mainly by baited trap, although other gear and techniques are sometimes employed. Global crayfish aquaculture production has expanded significantly in the last decade, due largely to the integration of Procambarus clarkii with that of rice production in the USA and China. This integrated system of production works well because rice farming has similar requirements as crayfish aquaculture, such as clay soils, irrigation systems, and suitable climates; furthermore, the rice crop residue provides the base of the food web for furnishing sustenance to growing crayfish.

How does a business family manage its wealth? A family office perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Rivo-López ◽  
Mónica Villanueva-Villar ◽  
Guillermo Suárez-Blázquez ◽  
Francisco Reyes-Santías
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Family Wealth ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Family ◽  
Privacy And Confidentiality ◽  
Conceptual Link ◽  
Selection Of

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to find throughout history examples of wealth management of a family or business families that can be assimilated into the current concept of family offices (FOs). In such examples, the study identifies characteristics associated with the different dimensions of the concept of socioemotional wealth (SEW).Design/methodology/approachDrawing on the socioemotional perspective, this paper relates significant examples of FOs based on historical stages (ancient history, the middle ages, modern history, the contemporary period and the actual world). Each case is discussed with an effort to identify the dimensions of the SEW that fit and help in understanding the organization studied.FindingsMainly, FOs allow the management of the family legacy, philanthropy, promotion of entrepreneurship and family wealth preservation for future generations. Autonomy in decision-making, privacy and confidentiality and the achievement of more intangible goals make the FO preferable to other institutions. Through the study of historical cases, the FO constitutes a structure with objectives and activities that have remained consistent from Rome to the present, regardless of historical, political or social context. The results also identify four out of five FIBER dimensions of SEW.Originality/valueIn addition to contributing to the scarce literature on FOs, this paper uses various examples of historical periods to better understand its origin, evolution and current state. A selection of examples at different times allows us to verify that FOs undergo a series of changes throughout history but maintain their characteristics regardless of the historical context. This paper is the first to explore the origin and development of the FO as organization. Building on the findings, the authors present a conceptual SEW framework to deepen in the knowledge of FO. This framework could help researchers and practitioners in future researches providing a conceptual link that demonstrates the components of the SEW perspective best fit the objectives pursued by business families when establishing a family office.

scholarly journals Chiral Thioureas—Preparation and Significance in Asymmetric Synthesis and Medicinal Chemistry

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz Steppeler ◽  
Dominika Iwan ◽  
Elżbieta Wojaczyńska ◽  
Jacek Wojaczyński
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
Asymmetric Synthesis ◽  
Stereoselective Synthesis ◽  
Strong Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Donor ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Family ◽  
Donor Capability

For almost 20 years, thioureas have been experiencing a renaissance of interest with the emerged development of asymmetric organocatalysts. Due to their relatively high acidity and strong hydrogen bond donor capability, they differ significantly from ureas and offer, appropriately modified, great potential as organocatalysts, chelators, drug candidates, etc. The review focuses on the family of chiral thioureas, presenting an overview of the current state of knowledge on their synthesis and selected applications in stereoselective synthesis and drug development.

Insight into species diversity of the Trichostrongylidae Leiper, 1912 (Nematoda: Strongylida) in ruminants

2015 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 639-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Wyrobisz ◽  
J. Kowal ◽  
P. Nosal
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Comparable Data ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Family ◽  
Species Distinction ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractThis paper focuses on the species diversity among the Trichostrongylidae Leiper, 1912 (Nematoda: Strongylida), and complexity of the family systematics. Polymorphism (subfamilies: Ostertagiinae, Cooperiinae and Haemonchinae), the presence of cryptic species (genus: Teladorsagia) and hybridization (genera: Cooperia, Haemonchus and Ostertagia) are presented and discussed, considering both morphological and molecular evidence. Some of these phenomena are common, nevertheless not sufficiently understood, which indicates the need for expanding the current state of knowledge thereof. Within the Trichostrongylidae, species distinction supported merely by morphological features is difficult, and requires confirmation by means of molecular methods. The parasitic nematode taxonomy is complicated mainly by the genus Teladorsagia, but complexity may also be expected among other Ostertagiinae (e.g. in the genera Ostertagia and Marshallagia). The data presented here show that the members of the Trichostrongylidae can significantly complicate unambiguous species identification. Hence, it is essential to consider the phenomena mentioned, to gather valid and comparable data on the biodiversity of this family.

scholarly journals Phenomenon in the Evolution of Voles (Mammalia, Rodentia, Arvicolidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. I. Rekovets ◽  
O. M. Kovalchuk
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Parallel Evolution ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Morphological Differentiation ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Current State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
Tooth Type ◽  
Masticatory Apparatus

Abstract This paper presents analytical results of the study of adaptatiogenesis within the family Arvicolidae (Mammalia, Rodentia) based of morphological changes of the most functional characters of their masticatory apparatus — dental system — through time. The main directions of the morphological differentiation in parallel evolution of the arvicolid tooth type within the Cricetidae and Arvicolidae during late Miocene and Pliocene were identified and substantiated. It is shown that such unique morphological structure as the arvicolid tooth type has provided a relatively high rate of evolution of voles and a wide range of their adaptive radiation, as well as has determined their taxonomic and ecological diversity. The optimality of the current state of this group and evaluation of evolutionary prospects of Arvicolidae were presented and substantiated here as a phenomenon in their evolution.

scholarly journals Ecuadorian Glass Frogs: Current state of knowledge, new research trends and conservation

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego F Cisneros-Heredia ◽  
Roy W. McDiarmid
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
New Species ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
Amphibian Species ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
New Research

Ecuador has the biggest number of amphibian species per unit of area in the world (427 species in 276,840 km2). Glass frogs (Centrolenidae), with 30 species, constitute 7.06 % of the Ecuadorian anurans. However, the current state of knowledge of this family in Ecuador is still very basic. Several species of glass frogs are currently undescribed, confused with previously described taxa, not yet reported from the country but present in local museum collections, not yet discovered in Ecuador, or even described under two different names. The genus Hyalinobatrachium is poorly known in the country (four species), but at least three undescribed taxa are present in the western lowlands of Ecuador. Among the genera Cochranella and Centrolene, at least 6 new species are known from tropical and subtropical areas in western and eastern slopes of the Ecuadorian Andes. Several characters such as the patterns of skin, eye, peritoneum and pericardium color, the prepollical spine, the nuptial pad, and the presence of the bulla are discussed, especially around its taxonomic potential. At least one undescribed taxon from western lowlands of Ecuador is critically endangered, if not extinct. In the last decade, conservative estimates indicate that at least 26 species of Ecuadorian amphibians have declined or gone extinct, two of them belong to the family Centrolenidae. The reasons for this crisis are not clear but have been related to habitat destruction, climate change, and fungal disease such as the chytridiomycosis.

scholarly journals FAUNA OF IXODES TICKS OF THE GENERA DERMACENTOR, IXODES, HYALOMMA IN THE FOOTHILLS AND MOUNTAIN PASTURES OF THE MAIN CAUCASUS MOUNTAIN RANGE

2019 ◽  
pp. 136-140
Author(s):  
Bittirova ◽  
Musaev ◽  
Bittirov ◽  
Begieva ◽  
Bittirov
Keyword(s):  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Blood Parasites ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Family ◽  
Ixodes Ticks ◽  
Haemaphysalis Punctata

New data were obtained when studying the fauna of Ixodes ticks of the genera Dermacentor, Ixodes, Hyalomma in the foothill and mountain pastures of the Main Caucasus Mountain Range. Materials and methods. The current state of the biodiversity of the fauna of ectoparasites of the family Ixodidae in mammals of the North Caucasus was studied in 2015–2018 on the pastures of the Main Caucasus Range. 2500 ticks were studied for infection with blood parasites. Determination of the species composition of ticks – ixodide carried out by the entomological Atlas. In the foothill pastures of Kabardino-Balkaria, there is a fauna of ixodid ticks, which consists of 28 species. In the mountain pastures of the North Caucasus region, 25 species of ectoparasites of the Ixodidae family were identified: 22 species in the Sukan tract, 25 in the Haymash tract, 20 species in the Big Kurats tract. The fauna of ectoparasites of the family Ixodidae in the tract "Haymash" was supplemented with R. sanguineus, H. numidiana, H. anatolicum, I. apronophorus, D. montanus, R. turanicus, H. pospelovashtromae, H. erinacei, H. asiaticums, H. ernacei, H. asiaticums, H. ernacei, H. aspenlovashtromae, H. erinacei, H. asiaticums, H. aspelovashtromae, H. erinacei, H. asiaticums, H. aspelovashtromae, H. erinacei, H. asiaticums, have been added to the fauna of the family Ixodide complexes. The main hosts of their preimaginal phases in the Haymash tract are rodents and hares, and adults are ruminants. The biodiversity of ixodid ticks (Ixodidae) is represented by Ixodes crenulatus species; H. concinna; I. redikorzevi; I. stromi; Anomalohimalaja cricetuli; D. ushakovae; H. caucasica; H. numidiana; H. erinacei; Hyalomma anatolicum; I. apronophorus; Haemaphysalis punctata; H. pospelovaschtromae; H. asiaticum; H. marginatum; H. scupense; I. pavlovskyi; I. persulcatus; Dermacentor montanus; D. marginatus; Rhipicephalus turanicus; R. pumilio; R. sanguineus.

scholarly journals Aging population and agricultural sustainability issues: case of turkey

New Medit ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Sustainability ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Family Farm ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Family ◽  
Rural Exodus ◽  
The Impact

Agriculture is a sector that is widely known to be impacted not only by the natural conditions of a country but also by other economic and political sectors. Turkish agriculture, in a context marked in recent years by a rural exodus of young people, marks the vagueness of the current state of the agricultural sector and its future. It is with this in mind that this research was carried out, based on a questionnaire survey of 312 producers in 5 provinces of Turkey, to assess the impact of the ageing of the rural population on the agricultural sector. The results of this study show that with age, producers invest less in agricultural activity, altogether abandoning productions requiring more labour. The possibility of taking over the family farm by descendants plays an important role in the degree of involvement of producers. Through these findings, this study makes it possible to address targeted agricultural policies according to age stages.

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