Musculoskeletal complaints, anxiety–depression symptoms, and neuroticism: A study of middle-aged twins.

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 729-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olav Vassend ◽  
Espen Røysamb ◽  
Christopher Sivert Nielsen ◽  
Nikolai Olavi Czajkowski
Keyword(s):  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Musculoskeletal Complaints ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Regional Brain Volumes and ADHD Symptoms in Middle-Aged Adults: The PATH Through Life Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 1073-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debjani Das ◽  
Nicolas Cherbuin ◽  
Kaarin J. Anstey ◽  
Walter Abhayaratna ◽  
Simon Easteal
Keyword(s):  
Brain Volume ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Brain Volumes ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Inattention And Hyperactivity ◽  
Middle Aged Adults ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Objective: We investigated whether volumetric differences in ADHD-associated brain regions are related to current symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity in healthy middle-aged adults and whether co-occurring anxiety/depression symptoms moderate these relationships. Method: ADHD Self-Report Scale and Brief Patient Health Questionnaire were used to assess current symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, anxiety, and depression in a population-based sample ( n = 269). Brain volumes, measured using a semi-automated method, were analyzed using multiple regression and structural equation modeling to evaluate brain volume–inattention/hyperactivity symptom relationships for selected regions. Results: Volumes of the left nucleus accumbens and a region overlapping the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex were positively associated with inattention symptoms. Left hippocampal volume was negatively associated with hyperactivity symptoms. The brain volume–inattention/hyperactivity symptom associations were stronger when anxiety/depression symptoms were controlled for. Conclusion: Inattention and hyperactivity symptoms in middle-aged adults are associated with different brain regions and co-occurring anxiety/depression symptoms moderate these brain–behavior relationships.

scholarly journals Using the 11-item Version of the RCADS to Identify Anxiety and Depressive Disorders in Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerica Radez ◽  
Polly Waite ◽  
Bruce Chorpita ◽  
Cathy Creswell ◽  
Faith Orchard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Adolescent Report ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Anxiety Depression

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to identify items from the Revised Children’s Anxiety and Depression Scale – RCADS-C/P that provided a brief, reliable and valid screen for anxiety and/or depressive disorders in adolescents. In addition, we examined whether adding items assessing suicidal ideation (Moods and Feelings Questionnaire – MFQ- C/P) and symptom impact and duration (items adapted from the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire – SDQ) improved the identification of adolescents with anxiety and/or depressive disorders. We compared two samples of adolescents and their parents – a community sample, recruited through secondary schools in England (n = 214) and a clinic-referred sample, who met diagnostic criteria for anxiety and/or depressive disorder and were recruited through a university-based research clinic (n = 246). Participants completed the RCADS-C/P with additional symptom impact and duration items, and the MFQ-C/P. Using ROC curve analyses, we identified a set of 11 RCADS-C/P items (6 addressing anxiety and 5 depression symptoms) for adolescent- and parent-report. This set of 11 symptom items achieved sensitivity/specificity values > .75, which were comparable to corresponding values for the RCADS-47-C/P. Combining adolescent and parent-report improved the identification of anxiety/depression in adolescents compared to using adolescent-report alone. Finally, adding two symptom impact items further improved the sensitivity/specificity of the 11 symptom items, whereas adding suicidal ideation items did not. The 11 RCADS items accurately discriminated between the community and clinic-referred sample with anxiety and/or depressive disorders and have the potential to quickly and accurately identify adolescents with these disorders in community settings.

scholarly journals Mental health in relation to changes in sleep, exercise, alcohol and diet during the COVID-19 pandemic: examination of four UK cohort studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aase Villadsen ◽  
Praveetha Patalay ◽  
David Bann
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Adverse Health ◽  
Anxiety Depression

AbstractBackgroundResponses to the COVID-19 pandemic have included lockdowns and social distancing with considerable disruptions to people’s lives. These changes may have particularly impacted on those with mental health problems, leading to a worsening of inequalities in the behaviours which influence health.MethodsWe used data from four national longitudinal British cohort studies (N=10,666). Respondents reported mental health (psychological distress and anxiety/depression symptoms) and health behaviours (alcohol, diet, physical activity, and sleep) before and during the pandemic. Associations between pre-pandemic mental ill-health and pandemic mental ill-health and health behaviours were examined using logistic regression; pooled effects were estimated using meta-analysis.ResultsWorse mental health was related to adverse health behaviours; effect sizes were largest for sleep, exercise and diet, and weaker for alcohol. The associations between poor mental health and adverse health behaviours were larger during the May lockdown than pre-pandemic. In September, when restrictions had eased, inequalities had largely reverted to pre-pandemic levels. A notable exception was for sleep, where differences by mental health status remained high. Risk differences for adverse sleep for those with the highest level of prior mental ill-health compared to those with the lowest, were 21.2% (95% CI: 16.2, 26.2) before lockdown, 25.5% (20.0, 30.3) in May, and 28.2% (21.2, 35.2) in September.ConclusionsTaken together, our findings suggest that mental health is an increasingly important factor in health behaviour inequality in the COVID era. The promotion of mental health may thus be an important component of improving post-COVID population health.

scholarly journals Using a brief 11-item version of the RCADS to identify anxiety and depressive disorders in adolescents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerica Radez ◽  
Polly Waite ◽  
Bruce F. Chorpita ◽  
Cathy Creswell ◽  
Faith Orchard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Adolescent Report ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify items from the Revised Children’s Anxiety and Depression Scale – RCADS-C/P that provided a brief, reliable and valid screen for anxiety and/or depressive disorders in adolescents. In addition, we examined whether adding items assessing suicidal ideation (Moods and Feelings Questionnaire – MFQ-C/P) and symptom impact and duration (items adapted from the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire – SDQ) improved the identification of adolescents with anxiety and/or depressive disorders. Methods: We compared two samples of adolescents and their parents – a community sample, recruited through secondary schools in England (n = 214) and a clinic-referred sample, who met diagnostic criteria for anxiety and/or depressive disorder and were recruited through a university-based research clinic (n = 246). Participants completed the RCADS-C/P with additional symptom impact and duration items, and the MFQ-C/P.Results: Using ROC curve analyses, we identified a set of 11 RCADS-C/P items (6 addressing anxiety and 5 addressing depression symptoms) for adolescent- and parent-report. This set of 11 symptom items achieved sensitivity/specificity values > .75, which were comparable to corresponding values for the original RCADS-C/P. Combining adolescent and parent-report improved the identification of anxiety/depression in adolescents compared to using adolescent-report alone. Finally, adding two symptom impact items further improved the sensitivity/specificity of the 11 symptom items, whereas adding suicidal ideation items did not.Conclusions: The 11 RCADS items accurately discriminated between the community and the clinic-referred sample with anxiety and/or depressive disorders and have the potential to quickly and accurately identify adolescents with these disorders in community settings.

scholarly journals Anxiety and Depression among Hypertensive Outpatients in Afghanistan: A Cross-Sectional Study in Andkhoy City

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Shoaib Hamrah ◽  
Mohammad Hassan Hamrah ◽  
Hideki Ishii ◽  
Susumu Suzuki ◽  
Mohammad Hussain Hamrah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
National Level ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Comorbid Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Depression

There is a relationship between mental and physical health. Depression and anxiety are linked with the development of several chronic diseases. The purpose of the present study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with anxiety and depression among adult hypertensive outpatients in Afghanistan. Methods. Two hundred thirty-four consecutive hypertensive patients from December 2015 to August 2016 were recruited to complete the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire, which has scores for classifying the participants having anxiety and depression symptoms. Results. Of the total 234 patients, 81 (34.6%) were males and 153 (65.4%) were females. The mean age was 54.6±12.7 for the hypertensive patients with anxiety and 63.8±15.0 for the hypertensive patients with depression while this figure was 49.5±10.2 for the adult participants in general population in Kabul city (Saeed, 2013). The prevalence of anxiety and depression (42.3% vs. 58.1%) among hypertensive persons is compared with the same mental disorders among Afghan refugees (39.3% vs. 22.1%) in Dalakee Refugee Camp (in Iran) (Hosseini Divkolaye and Burkle, 2017). Of the total participants, 99 had anxiety (42.3%), 136 had depression (58.1%), and 66 had (28.2%) comorbid anxiety-depression. Multivariate analysis was used. For anxiety age, female gender, smoking, diabetes mellitus, and 2 or more chronic diseases had a significant association. For depression, age and diabetes mellitus had a significant association, and for comorbid anxiety, depression, age, diabetes mellitus, and 2 or more chronic diseases had a significant association. Conclusion. This study shows that anxiety and depression are highly prevalent among hypertensive patients in an outpatient clinic in Afghanistan. There was an association between some sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and anxiety and depression. More studies are needed on a national level to inform the development of strategies for the prevention and control of psychological distress among patients with chronic diseases in Afghanistan.

scholarly journals Changes in General Practitioners’ consultation frequency over time for patients with hypertension or anxiety/depression symptoms: a 10-year follow-up of the Norwegian HUNT study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena J Skarshaug ◽  
Silje L Kaspersen ◽  
Johan H Bjørngaard ◽  
Kristine Pape
Keyword(s):  
General Practitioners ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Complex Needs ◽  
Baseline Status ◽  
Clinical Measurements ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Abstract Background General Practitioners’ (GPs’) workload has been suggested to increase in many countries; how does this impact patient follow-up? Objective To investigate trends in GP consultation patterns for adults according to baseline hypertension and anxiety/depression symptoms and attribution of the GP to trend differences. Methods Prospective cohort study, linking survey data and clinical measurements from the Norwegian HUNT3 study (2006–08) with national administrative data on GP list assignment and consultations with GP services. We grouped participants aged 40–59 years according to sex and their baseline status regarding hypertension and anxiety/depression symptoms. We registered GP consultations in 2007–16 and used general estimation equation models to estimate the level of GP consultations per month per year during follow-up. We used multilevel models with participants nested in their assigned regular GP to calculate GP-level intra-class correlation coefficients, reflecting to what extent patients’ consultation patterns could be attributed to the individual GP. Results In total, 47 550 HUNT3 participants were registered with 102 different GPs in Nord-Trøndelag County, Norway, in 2007. Adjusted for age, we observed an overall increase in GP consultations in 2007–16, particularly in those with a better health status at baseline. About 2% of the variance of patient consultations could be attributed to differences between GPs and 10% to the use of lengthy consultations. Out-of-hours consultations did not change much in the study period 2007–16. Conclusion Increased use of GP consultations, mainly among the healthiest participants, encourage further research into whether these patients displace patients with heavier and more complex needs.

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