Supplemental Material for Inhibitory Control Elicited by Physical Activity and Inactivity Stimuli: An Electroencephalography Study

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Control

scholarly journals Physical Activity and Inhibitory Control: The Mediating Role of Sleep Quality and Sleep Efficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 664
Author(s):  
Lin Li ◽  
Qian Yu ◽  
Wenrui Zhao ◽  
Fabian Herold ◽  
Boris Cheval ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Sleep Efficiency ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Control Performance ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality ◽  
Subjective Sleep ◽  
Sleep Parameters ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives: the current study aimed to investigate the relationship between physical activity (PA) level and inhibitory control performance and then to determine whether this association was mediated by multiple sleep parameters (i.e., subjective sleep quality, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, and sleep disturbance). Methods: 180 healthy university students (age: 20.15 ± 1.92 years) from the East China Normal University were recruited for the present study. PA level, sleep parameters, and inhibitory control performance were assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale (PSQI), and a Stroop test, respectively. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results: A higher level of PA was linked to better cognitive performance. Furthermore, higher subjective sleep quality and sleep efficiency were associated with better inhibitory control performance. The mediation analysis revealed that subjective sleep quality and sleep efficiency mediated the relationship between PA level and inhibitory control performance. Conclusion: our results are in accordance with the literature and buttress the idea that a healthy lifestyle that involves a relatively high level of regular PA and adequate sleep patterns is beneficial for cognition (e.g., inhibitory control performance). Furthermore, our study adds to the literature that sleep quality and sleep efficiency mediates the relationship between PA and inhibitory control performance, expanding our knowledge in the field of exercise cognition.

scholarly journals Long-term high physical activity modulates event-related potential indices of inhibitory control in postmenopausal women

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6523
Author(s):  
Chang Xu ◽  
Yingzhi Lu ◽  
Biye Wang ◽  
Chenglin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Group ◽  
Physical Activity Group

Background Inhibition processing is sensitive to aging, and an age-related decline in inhibition processing has been associated with an accelerated rate of progression to Alzheimer disease. Elderly women are two to three times more likely than age-matched men to have Alzheimer disease. Therefore, this study examined whether long-term high physical activity affects inhibitory processing, specifically among postmenopausal women. Methods In total, 251 candidates were screened using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and the Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices to assess their cognitive abilities and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (Chinese version) to assess their physical activity levels. The participants were then grouped into either a long-term high physical activity group (defined as more than 3 days of high intensity activity per week and gross metabolic equivalent minutes (MET-minutes) higher than 1,500 MET-minutes/week or a gross MET higher than 3,000 MET-minutes/week obtained through walking or other moderate or high intensity activity) or a control group and matched for demographic and health characteristics as well as cognitive scores. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded as participants performed a Go/No-go task to assess inhibition processing. Results The long-term high physical activity group (n = 30) had faster Go reaction times than the control group (n = 30), whereas no significant difference between the two groups was found in their performance accuracy on the No-go task. For the ERP results, the latency of N2 component was significantly shorter in the long-term high physical activity group than that in the control group. Discussion The results of this study suggested that long-term high physical activity may increase the efficiency of the inhibitory control system by increasing the activity of response monitoring processes.

Fitness, physical activity, sedentary time, inhibitory control, and neuroelectric activity in children with overweight or obesity: The ActiveBrains project

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Mora‐Gonzalez ◽  
Irene Esteban‐Cornejo ◽  
Patricio Solis‐Urra ◽  
Jairo H. Migueles ◽  
Cristina Cadenas‐Sanchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

scholarly journals Personality Traits, Achievement Motivation, and Self-Regulation in Physically Active and Sedentary Young Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Concepcion Padilla ◽  
Pilar Andres
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Cardiovascular Exercise ◽  
The Impact

Previous research has established a link between exercise and executive functions. However, how personality, motivation, and self-regulation can influence this association have been little investigated. Studies investigating in these aspects have shown that physically active individuals are more extrovert, conscientious and open to new experiences than sedentary individuals. Those who are sedentary tend to show more neuroticism and less self-regulation. In this chapter, the literature exploring these aspects is reviewed. In addition, a study to examine the impact of these factors in physically active and sedentary young adults is presented. The Big Five Inventory, the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory, the Achievement Motivation scales, and the Adult Temperament Questionnaire were administered to evaluate personality, motivation, and self-regulation. The results revealed that active participants significantly differed from sedentary participants in terms of personality showing higher emotional stability, extraversion, and openness to experiences, in addition to greater inhibitory control (self-regulation). Associations between better control of emotions and impulses and cognitive control were also explored, finding a significant correlation between them. Some guidance is included to help health providers to design physical activity programs to promote cardiovascular exercise in populations with high levels of inactivity.

scholarly journals Associations Between Executive Functions and Physical Fitness in Preschool Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksander Veraksa ◽  
Alla Tvardovskaya ◽  
Margarita Gavrilova ◽  
Vera Yakupova ◽  
Martin Musálek
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Cognitive Flexibility ◽  
Preschool Period ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Different Levels

Considering the current agreement on the significance of executive functions, there is growing interest in determining factors that contribute to the development of these skills, especially during the preschool period. Although multiple studies have been focusing on links between physical activity, physical fitness and executive functions, this topic was more investigated in schoolchildren and adults than in preschoolers. The aim of the current study was to identify different levels of physical fitness among pre-schoolers, followed by an analysis of differences in their executive functions. Participants were 261 5–6-years old children. Inhibitory control and working memory were positively linked with physical fitness. Cognitive flexibility was not associated with physical fitness. The research findings are considered from neuropsychological grounds, Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, and the cultural-historical approach.

To Play or Not to Play? The Relationship Between Active Video Game Play and Electrophysiological Indices of Food-Related Inhibitory Control in Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua L. Smith ◽  
Kaylie Amanda Carbine ◽  
Michael J. Larson ◽  
Larry A. Tucker ◽  
William F. Christensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Video Games ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Video Gaming ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Active Video ◽  
Ad Libitum

Sedentary behaviors, such as computer use and sedentary video games, are barriers to physical activity, contribute to overweight and obesity among adolescents, and can adversely affect eating behaviors. Active video games may increase daily physical activity levels among adolescents and improve food-related inhibitory control. We compared the effects of acute bouts of active and sedentary video gaming on event-related potential (ERP) indices of food-related inhibitory control, energy expenditure, and ad libitum eating. In a within-subjects design, 59 adolescent participants (49% female, Mage = 13.29 ± 1.15) completed two separate counterbalanced, 60-minute long video gaming sessions separated by seven days. Immediately after, participants completed two go/no-go tasks with high- and low-calorie images and N2 and P3 ERP amplitudes were measured. Participants also completed a Stroop task and were given high- and low-calorie snacks to consume ad libitum. Results indicated that active relative to sedentary video games significantly increased energy expenditure on multiple measures (e.g., METs, heart rate, kcals burned) and participants consumed more calories after the active compared to the sedentary video game session. N2 amplitudes were larger when participants inhibited to high- compared to low-calorie foods, suggesting high-calorie foods necessitate increased recruitment of inhibitory control resources; however, there were non-significant differences for the N2 or P3 amplitudes, accuracy or response times, and Stroop performance between active versus sedentary video game sessions. Overall, sixty minutes of active video gaming increased energy expenditure and food consumption but did not significantly alter neural or behavioral measures of inhibitory control to food stimuli.

scholarly journals Associations of Physical Activity, Sports Participation and Active Commuting on Mathematic Performance and Inhibitory Control in Adolescents

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e0146319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidsel L. Domazet ◽  
Jakob Tarp ◽  
Tao Huang ◽  
Anne Kær Gejl ◽  
Lars Bo Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Active Commuting
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