The role of computerised tomography in predicting visual outcome in ocular trauma patients

Background: Ocular trauma is a leading cause of blindness. Identification of ocular trauma pattern is necessary for better ocular trauma prevention and treatment. Objective: The aim of this study is to identify ocular trauma pattern in the North Bund area of Shanghai. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted with 206 ocular trauma patients at Shanghai General Hospital. Results: A gender related ocular trauma pattern was identified that consists of several risk and prognostic factors. Of 206 ocular trauma patients, 182 patients were males (88.35%) and only 24 patients were females (11.65%). Males had significantly higher percentage of penetrating/intraocular foreign body injuries compared to females, which is associated with age and occupation. A significantly higher average monthly percentage of ocular trauma is observed in summer, suggesting that season change alters the risk of eye injury. Although proper treatments of complications are beneficial for patients, the visual outcome is determined by the location and size of injuries. Conclusion: We identified a gender related ocular trauma pattern with several risk and prognostic factors in the North Bund area of Shanghai.

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Ocular trauma in an urban Spanish population: epidemiology and visual outcome

International Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.18240/ijo.2021.09.06 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (9) ◽

pp. 1327-1333

Author(s):

Marta Belmonte-Grau ◽

◽

Paula Marticorena-Álvarez ◽

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Ocular Trauma ◽

Visual Outcome ◽

Occupational Accidents ◽

Trauma Patients ◽

Prevention Measures ◽

Urgent Surgery ◽

Eye Trauma ◽

Open Globe ◽

Epidemiological Characteristics

AIM: To describe epidemiological aspects, clinical findings, and visual results in eye trauma patients requiring urgent surgery at a tertiary hospital. METHODS: Retrospective review of adult patients requiring urgent surgery for trauma to the eyeball from January 2010 and April 2020. Data was collected relative to age, gender, mechanism of the injury, type of wound, initial and final visual acuity, number and type of surgeries carried out. Injuries were classed according to the Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology (BETT) and the Ocular Trauma Score (OTS) categories. RESULTS: The survey included 92 eyes. Mean age was 54.76±22.18y. The most frequent cause was domestic accidents (44.6%), followed by aggression (22.80%) and occupational accidents (17.4%). Trauma from aggression was more frequent in men (P=0.006) and accidents in the home more common in women (P=0.011). Patients over 65y presented an odds ratio (OR) of 10.71 for suffering a domestic accident. Patients between 15-45 and 46-65y were at higher risk of trauma from aggression (OR=17.52 and OR=10.94, respectively). As for the type of injury, 63.04% were open-globe lesions, Zone II being the most frequently affected (27.2%). In Logistic regression analysis, old age (P=0.05) and retinal involvement (P=0.001) were found to be associated with higher rate of unfavourable visual outcome. CONCLUSION: The epidemiological aspects of eye trauma are highly dependent on the area of population studied. Domestic accidents are more relevant than workplace accidents in older urban areas with high socio-economic status. A better knowledge of the epidemiological characteristics is useful for implementing specific prevention measures and appropriate treatment strategies.

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To Study the Pattern of Ocular Trauma and Predict-ing the Final Visual Outcome in Paediatric Ocular Trauma Cases in a Tertiary Eye Care Centre of Eastern India

Ophthalmology Research An International Journal ◽

10.9734/or/2020/v12i330150 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 29-33

Author(s):

Rahul Prasad ◽

Deepti Tiwari ◽

Bibha Kumari ◽

Antabha Bandyopadhyay

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Ocular Trauma ◽

Visual Outcome ◽

Trauma Patients ◽

Care Centre ◽

Eastern India ◽

Eye Care ◽

Counting Finger ◽

Open Globe ◽

Common Causes

Aim: The study was done to identify causes, demographic and clinical profile and to evaluate factors influencing visual outcome in paediatric ocular trauma patients (up to 15 years). Study Design: It was a prospective interventional study Place and Duration of the Study: The study was done in a tertiary eye care centre of eastern India between January 2019 to February 2020. Materials and Methods: The study was done from January 2019 to February 2020 on children between 1 year to 15 years of either sex with ocular trauma. Demographic details, cause of injury, presenting visual acuity were noted. Follow up was done till 2 months after carrying out appropriate intervention. Results: A total 106 eyes of 106 patients were evaluated and it was observed that children who were of 7 yrs and above were more affected (67%) than below (33%). Male children (59%) were more affected than female (41%). Injuries to Adnexa were found in 52% eyes, 40% injury cases were due to closed injury while open globe injuries comprised 8% of total cases. Common causes of injury were found to be mainly blunt objects and projectile objects. Maximum correction in visual acuity (VA) of more than 6/18 was achieved in 66% eyes, 6/18-6/60 in 11% eyes, <6/60-counting finger at 1 meter in 10% eyes. Conclusion: Late reporting, poor initial visual acuity, involvement of posterior segment, and no immediate primary intervention at time of injury adversely affect visual outcome. Early intervention and globe salvaging repair should be done in all eyes of trauma.

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Profile of Ocular Trauma Patients presenting to the National Eye Referral Hospital, Asmara, Eritrea

10.21203/rs.3.rs-887511/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Oluwafemi Adekunmi Ibrahim ◽

Danait Michael ◽

Hermela Misghna ◽

Amir Ibrahim ◽

Rut Russom

Keyword(s):

Ocular Trauma ◽

Visual Outcome ◽

Referral Hospital ◽

Ocular Injury ◽

Trauma Patients ◽

Open Globe Injury ◽

Eye Injuries ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Open Globe ◽

At Home

Abstract Background Ocular trauma is a significant disabling health problem and a leading cause of visual impairment and loss worldwide. These injuries have many diverse costs including human suffering, long term disabilities, loss of productivity and economic hardship. Therefore, assessing the profile of ocular trauma, the etiology and its outcome is critical to the prevention of ocular injuries Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on ocular trauma patients presenting to Berhan Ayni National Eye Referral Hospital from August – November, 2018. Data on demography, presenting visual acuity, type of injury and visual outcome were collected using a standardized questionnaire. The types of injuries were classified according to Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology System. Pearson Chi-Square test (χ2)/or Fisher’s exact test in the Crosstab procedure was used to evaluate the relationship between specific variables. Logistic regression models were constructed to assess risk factors associated with blindness. Result 280 patients were seen with ocular trauma in the hospital during the study period. Males were 198 (70.7%) and peak age was 18–40 years. Ocular injury commonly occurred at home (31.8%), street and high way (31.4%) and workplace (28.9%). 24.7% of the injury was work-related. Common causes of injury were blunt objects (37.5%), sharp objects (31.1%) and fall (12.5%). 27.8% had open globe injury (OGI). Blindness was associated with rural residence (p < 0.0001), presentation greater than 24 hours (p = 0.04), non-use of eye protection goggles (p = 0.007), open globe injury (p = 0.018), posterior segment involvement (p < 0.0001) and hospitalization (p < 0.0001). Conclusion Immediate and comprehensive medical care is mandatory for ocular trauma patients. Educating the public especially at home and workplace is essential to prevent eye injuries.

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Optimal timing of vitrectomy for severe mechanical ocular trauma: A retrospective observational study

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-54472-9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Honghua Yu ◽

Jianhua Li ◽

Ying Yu ◽

Guodong Li ◽

Dongli Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Ocular Trauma ◽

Visual Outcome ◽

Optimal Timing ◽

Trauma Patients ◽

Ocular Trauma Score ◽

Post Operation ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Trauma Score

AbstractMechanical ocular trauma could lead to disastrous visual outcomes. There has been a controversy regarding the timing of vitrectomy for such cases. This study aimed to find out the optimal timing of vitrectomy for severe mechanical ocular trauma. Patients with severe mechanical ocular trauma who had undergone vitrectomy were enrolled and followed up for at least 6 months. Clinical data were collected including ocular trauma score (OTS), the timing of vitrectomy upon injury, visual acuity, vitrectomy results, post-operation complications and etc. All cases were classified according to the timing of vitrectomy upon injury into 3 groups: group A 1–7 days, group B 8–14 days, group C more than 14 days. A total of 62 cases were enrolled, including 20 eyes in group A, 25 eyes in group B, and 17 eyes in group C. No significant differences were shown of the gender, age or OTS among the 3 groups. Both functional success rate and visual outcome were optimal in group B, then in group A, and worst in group C. These results suggested that the best timing of vitrectomy for severe mechanical ocular trauma is 8–14 days upon injury; second best is 1–7 days; worst is after 14 days.

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Extradural anterior clinoidectomy in surgical management of clinoidal meningiomas

The Egyptian Journal of Neurology Psychiatry and Neurosurgery ◽

10.1186/s41983-021-00336-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

Author(s):

K. El-Bahy ◽

Ashraf M. Ibrahim ◽

Ibrahim Abdelmohsen ◽

Hatem A. Sabry

Keyword(s):

Cavernous Sinus ◽

Tumor Resection ◽

Visual Outcome ◽

Extent Of Resection ◽

Optic Canal ◽

Falciform Ligament ◽

Cavernous Sinus Invasion ◽

Anterior Clinoidectomy ◽

Microsurgical Techniques

Abstract Background Despite the recent advances in skull base surgery, microsurgical techniques, and neuroimaging, yet surgical resection of clinoidal meningiomas is still a major challenge. In this study, we present our institution experience in the surgical treatment of anterior clinoidal meningiomas highlighting the role of extradural anterior clinoidectomy in improving the visual outcome and the extent of tumor resection. This is a prospective observational study conducted on 33 consecutive patients with clinoidal meningiomas. The surgical approach utilized consisted of extradural anterior clinoidectomy, optic canal deroofing with falciform ligament opening in all patients. The primary outcome assessment was visual improvement and secondary outcomes were extent of tumor resection, recurrence, and postoperative complications. Results The study included 5 males and 28 females with mean age 49.48 ± 11.41 years. Preoperative visual deficit was present in 30 (90.9%) patients. Optic canal involvement was present in 24 (72.7%) patients, ICA encasement was in 16 (48.5%), and cavernous sinus invasion in 8 (24.2%). Vision improved in 21 patients (70%), while 6 patients (20%) had stationary course and 1 patient (3%) suffered postoperative new visual deterioration. Gross total resection was achieved in 24 patients (72.7%). The main factors precluding total removal were cavernous sinus involvement and ICA encasement. Mortality rate was 6.1%; mean follow-up period was 27 ± 13 months. Conclusions In this series, the use of extradural anterior clinoidectomy provided a favorable visual outcome and improved the extent of resection in clinoidal meningioma patients.

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Advances in the understanding of trauma-induced coagulopathy

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2016-01-636423 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 128 (8) ◽

pp. 1043-1049 ◽

Cited By ~ 120

Author(s):

Ronald Chang ◽

Jessica C. Cardenas ◽

Charles E. Wade ◽

John B. Holcomb

Keyword(s):

Animal Studies ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

Endothelial Activation ◽

The United States ◽

Trauma Patients ◽

Platelet Dysfunction ◽

Intracranial Injury ◽

Trauma Induced Coagulopathy ◽

Common Causes

Abstract Ten percent of deaths worldwide are due to trauma, and it is the third most common cause of death in the United States. Despite a profound upregulation in procoagulant mechanisms, one-quarter of trauma patients present with laboratory-based evidence of trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC), which is associated with poorer outcomes including increased mortality. The most common causes of death after trauma are hemorrhage and traumatic brain injury (TBI). The management of TIC has significant implications in both because many hemorrhagic deaths could be preventable, and TIC is associated with progression of intracranial injury after TBI. This review covers the most recent evidence and advances in our understanding of TIC, including the role of platelet dysfunction, endothelial activation, and fibrinolysis. Trauma induces a plethora of biochemical and physiologic changes, and despite numerous studies reporting differences in coagulation parameters between trauma patients and uninjured controls, it is unclear whether some of these differences may be “normal” after trauma. Comparisons between trauma patients with differing outcomes and use of animal studies have shed some light on this issue, but much of the data continue to be correlative with causative links lacking. In particular, there are little data linking the laboratory-based abnormalities with true clinically evident coagulopathic bleeding. For these reasons, TIC continues to be a significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.

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Role of single photon emission computerised tomography in evaluating osseointegration of indigenous DRDO implants: An in vivo study

Medical Journal Armed Forces India ◽

10.1016/j.mjafi.2012.06.021 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 72 (1) ◽

pp. 48-53

Author(s):

S.K. Bhandari ◽

Anupam Mondal

Keyword(s):

Single Photon ◽

Photon Emission ◽

In Vivo Study ◽

Single Photon Emission ◽

Computerised Tomography

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OCULAR INJURY TREND IN COVID-19 ERA- A TERTIARY EYE CARE STUDY IN INDIA

10.36106/gjra/5013376 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 158-160

Author(s):

R. B. Goyal ◽

Karishma Goyal

Keyword(s):

Ocular Trauma ◽

Care Center ◽

Ocular Injury ◽

Trauma Patients ◽

Delayed Presentation ◽

Eye Care ◽

Education And Awareness ◽

Future Strategy ◽

Mass Health ◽

Care Study

Aim- To study the change in demography and injury pattern of ocular trauma during the lockdown period tothat of a similar period of the previous year. Materials & Methods- This is a retrospective analysis of the data of 362 patients with ocular trauma during the lockdown period from 25 March 2020 to 3 May 2020 and during a similar period of the previous year at a tertiary eye care center in India. Results- There was a decrease of 62.87% of patients of ocular trauma during the lockdown period because of the restricted lifestyle. Although home related and violence-related trauma increased, there was a decrease in trafc and sports-related trauma. Patients with chemical injury by sodium hypochlorite also had a sharp rise. Majority of the patients presented after two days during this period. Conclusion- Guidelines for mass health education and awareness about the risk of ocular trauma, morbidity caused by delayed presentation, and need to adopt safety or preventive strategies should be formulated so that future strategy can be planned to ght with the next pandemic or epidemic.

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