scholarly journals The intake of high-fat diets induces the acquisition of brown adipocyte gene expression features in white adipose tissue

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 1619-1629 ◽  
Author(s):  
E García-Ruiz ◽  
B Reynés ◽  
R Díaz-Rúa ◽  
E Ceresi ◽  
P Oliver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipocyte ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

Fish oil diet modulates epididymal and inguinal adipocyte metabolism in mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1468-1476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thereza Cristina Lonzetti Bargut ◽  
Vanessa Souza-Mello ◽  
Carlos Alberto Mandarim-de-Lacerda ◽  
Marcia Barbosa Aguila
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets ◽  
Fish Oil Diet ◽  
The Impact

We aimed to investigate the impact of different high-fat diets containing fish oil on adiposity and white adipose tissue (WAT) function in mice, comparing the effects on epididymal (eWAT) and subcutaneous (sWAT) depots.

scholarly journals Dietary n-3 fatty acids affect mRNA level of brown adipose tissue uncoupling protein 1, and white adipose tissue leptin and glucose transporter 4 in the rat

2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoko Takahashi ◽  
Takashi Ide
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Safflower Oil ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

We examined the effect of dietary fats rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on mRNA levels in white and brown adipose tissues in rats. Four groups of rats were fed on a low-fat diet (20 g safflower oil/kg) or a high-fat diet (200 g/kg) containing safflower oil, which is rich in n-6 PUFA (linoleic acid), or perilla (α-linolenic acid) or fish oil (eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids), both of which are rich in n-3 PUFA, for 21 d. Energy intake was higher in rats fed on a high-safflower-oil diet than in those fed on low-fat or high-fish-oil diet, but no other significant differences were detected among the groups. Perirenal white adipose tissue weight was higher and epididymal white adipose tissue weight tended to be higher in rats fed on a high-safflower-oil diet than in those fed on a low-fat diet. However, high-fat diets rich in n-3 PUFA, compared to a low-fat diet, did not increase the white adipose tissue mass. High-fat diets relative to a low-fat diet increased brown adipose tissue uncoupling protein 1 mRNA level. The increases were greater with fats rich in n-3 PUFA than with n-6 PUFA. A high-safflower-oil diet, compared to a low-fat diet, doubled the leptin mRNA level in white adipose tissue. However, high-fat diets rich in n-3 PUFA failed to increase it. Compared to a low-fat diet, high-fat diets down-regulated the glucose transporter 4 mRNA level in white adipose tissue. However, the decreases were attenuated with high-fat diets rich in n-3 PUFA. It is suggested that the alterations in gene expression in adipose tissue contribute to the physiological activities of n-3 PUFA in preventing body fat accumulation and in regulating glucose metabolism in rats.

High-fat diets promote insulin resistance through cytokine gene expression in growing female rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 505-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne M. Flanagan ◽  
Jackie L. Brown ◽  
Consuelo A. Santiago ◽  
Pauline Y. Aad ◽  
Leon J. Spicer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Cytokine Gene Expression ◽  
Cytokine Gene ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

scholarly journals Maternal and Post-weaning High-Fat Diets Produce Distinct DNA Methylation Patterns in Hepatic Metabolic Pathways within Specific Genomic Contexts

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 3229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moody ◽  
Wang ◽  
Jung ◽  
Chen ◽  
Pan
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Differentially Methylated Genes ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Diet Intake ◽  
Fat Diets

Calorie-dense high-fat diets (HF) are associated with detrimental health outcomes, including obesity, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. Both pre- and post-natal HF diets have been hypothesized to negatively impact long-term metabolic health via epigenetic mechanisms. To understand how the timing of HF diet intake impacts DNA methylation and metabolism, male Sprague–Dawley rats were exposed to either maternal HF (MHF) or post-weaning HF diet (PHF). At post-natal week 12, PHF rats had similar body weights but greater hepatic lipid accumulation compared to the MHF rats. Genome-wide DNA methylation was evaluated, and analysis revealed 1744 differentially methylation regions (DMRs) between the groups with the majority of the DMR located outside of gene-coding regions. Within differentially methylated genes (DMGs), intragenic DNA methylation closer to the transcription start site was associated with lower gene expression, whereas DNA methylation further downstream was positively correlated with gene expression. The insulin and phosphatidylinositol (PI) signaling pathways were enriched with 25 DMRs that were associated with 20 DMGs, including PI3 kinase (Pi3k), pyruvate kinase (Pklr), and phosphodiesterase 3 (Pde3). Together, these results suggest that the timing of HF diet intake determines DNA methylation and gene expression patterns in hepatic metabolic pathways that target specific genomic contexts.

scholarly journals The triglyceride synthesis enzymes DGAT1 and DGAT2 have distinct and overlapping functions in adipocytes

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 1112-1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandramohan Chitraju ◽  
Tobias C. Walther ◽  
Robert V. Farese
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Convergent Evolution ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Functional Differences ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Stores ◽  
Fat Diets

Mammals store metabolic energy as triacylglycerols (TGs) in adipose tissue. TG synthesis is catalyzed by the evolutionarily unrelated acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) enzymes DGAT1 and DGAT2, which catalyze the same reaction and account for nearly all TG synthesis. The reasons for their convergent evolution to synthesize TGs remain unclear. Mice lacking DGAT1 are viable with reduced fat stores of TGs, whereas DGAT2 KO mice die postnatally just after birth with >90% reduction of TGs, suggesting that DGAT2 is the predominant enzyme for TG storage. To better understand the functional differences between the DGATs, we studied mice fed chow or high-fat diets lacking either enzyme in adipose tissue. Unexpectedly, mice lacking DGAT2 in adipocytes have normal TG storage and glucose metabolism on regular or high-fat diets, indicating DGAT2 is not essential for fat storage. In contrast, mice lacking DGAT1 in adipocytes have normal TG storage on a chow diet but moderately decreased body fat accompanied by glucose intolerance when challenged with a high-fat diet. The latter changes were associated with the activation of ER stress pathways. We conclude that DGAT1 and DGAT2 can largely compensate for each other for TG storage but that DGAT1 uniquely has an important role in protecting the ER from the lipotoxic effects of high-fat diets.

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