S 23521 Decreases Food Intake and Body Weight Gain in Diet-Induced Obese Rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1596-1603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Claret ◽  
Helena Corominola ◽  
Ignasi Canals ◽  
Belén Nadal ◽  
Alain Chavanieu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Obese Rats

scholarly journals Chronic injection of pansomatostatin agonist ODT8-SST differentially modulates food intake and decreases body weight gain in lean and diet-induced obese rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 167 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 201-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Stengel ◽  
Tamer Coskun ◽  
Miriam Goebel-Stengel ◽  
Libbey S. Craft ◽  
Jorge Alsina-Fernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Chronic Injection

Subdiaphragmatic vagal deafferentation affects body weight gain and glucose metabolism in obese male Zucker (fa/fa) rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 289 (4) ◽  
pp. R1027-R1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina Ferrari ◽  
Myrtha Arnold ◽  
Richard D. Carr ◽  
Wolfgang Langhans ◽  
Giovanni Pacini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity Index ◽  
Obese Rats

We investigated the effect of subdiaphragmatic vagal deafferentation (SDA) on food intake, body weight gain, and metabolism in obese ( fa/ fa) and lean ( Fa/?) Zucker rats. Before and after recovery from surgery, food intake and body weight gain were recorded, and plasma glucose and insulin were measured in tail-prick blood samples. After implantation of a jugular vein catheter, an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) was performed, followed by minimal modeling to estimate the insulin sensitivity index. Food intake relative to metabolic body weight (g/kg0.75) and daily body weight gain after surgery were lower ( P < 0.05) in SDA than in sham obese but not lean rats. Before surgery, plasma glucose and insulin concentrations were lower ( P < 0.05) in lean than in obese rats but did not differ between surgical groups within both genotypes. Four weeks after surgery, plasma glucose and insulin were still similar in SDA and sham lean rats but lower ( P < 0.05) in SDA than in sham obese rats. IVGTT revealed a downward shift of the plasma insulin profile by SDA in obese but not lean rats, whereas the plasma glucose profile was unaffected. SDA decreased ( P < 0.05) area under the curve for insulin but not glucose in obese rats. The insulin sensitivity index was higher in lean than in obese rats but was not affected by SDA in both genotypes. These results suggest that elimination of vagal afferent signals from the upper gut reduces food intake and body weight gain without affecting the insulin sensitivity index measured by minimal modeling in obese Zucker rats.

scholarly journals Neonatal nutritional programming impairs adiponectin effects on energy homeostasis in adult life of male rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 315 (1) ◽  
pp. E29-E37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Peduti Halah ◽  
Paula Beatriz Marangon ◽  
Jose Antunes-Rodrigues ◽  
Lucila L. K. Elias
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Nutritional Programming

Neonatal nutritional changes induce long-lasting effects on energy homeostasis. Adiponectin influences food intake and body weight. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of neonatal nutritional programming on the central stimulation of adiponectin. Male Wistar rats were divided on postnatal (PN) day 3 in litters of 3 (small litter, SL), 10 (normal litter, NL), or 16 pups/dam (large litter, LL). We assessed body weight gain for 60 days, adiponectin concentration, and white adipose tissue weight. We examined the response of SL, NL, and LL rats on body weight gain, food intake, oxygen consumption (V̇o2), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), calorimetry, locomotor activity, phosphorylated-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) expression in the hypothalamus, and uncoupling protein (UCP)-1 in the brown adipose tissue after central stimulus with adiponectin. After weaning, SL rats maintained higher body weight gain despite similar food intake compared with NL rats. LL rats showed lower body weight at weaning, with a catch up afterward and higher food intake. Both LL and SL groups had decreased plasma concentrations of adiponectin at PN60. SL rats had increased white adipose tissue. Central injection of adiponectin decreased body weight and food intake and increased V̇o2, RER, calorimetry, p-AMPK and UCP- 1 expression in NL rats, but it had no effect on SL and LL rats, compared with the respective vehicle groups. In conclusion, neonatal under- and overfeeding induced an increase in body weight gain in juvenile and early adult life. Unresponsiveness to central effects of adiponectin contributes to the imbalance of the energy homeostasis in adult life induced by neonatal nutritional programming.

scholarly journals The Gut Microbiome Derived From Anorexia Nervosa Patients Impairs Weight Gain and Behavioral Performance in Female Mice

Endocrinology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 160 (10) ◽  
pp. 2441-2452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomokazu Hata ◽  
Noriyuki Miyata ◽  
Shu Takakura ◽  
Kazufumi Yoshihara ◽  
Yasunari Asano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Compulsive Behavior ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Poor Weight Gain

Abstract Anorexia nervosa (AN) results in gut dysbiosis, but whether the dysbiosis contributes to AN-specific pathologies such as poor weight gain and neuropsychiatric abnormalities remains unclear. To address this, germ-free mice were reconstituted with the microbiota of four patients with restricting-type AN (gAN mice) and four healthy control individuals (gHC mice). The effects of gut microbes on weight gain and behavioral characteristics were examined. Fecal microbial profiles in recipient gnotobiotic mice were clustered with those of the human donors. Compared with gHC mice, gAN mice showed a decrease in body weight gain, concomitant with reduced food intake. Food efficiency ratio (body weight gain/food intake) was also significantly lower in gAN mice than in gHC mice, suggesting that decreased appetite as well as the capacity to convert ingested food to unit of body substance may contribute to poor weight gain. Both anxiety-related behavior measured by open-field tests and compulsive behavior measured by a marble-burying test were increased only in gAN mice but not in gHC mice. Serotonin levels in the brain stem of gAN mice were lower than those in the brain stem of gHC mice. Moreover, the genus Bacteroides showed the highest correlation with the number of buried marbles among all genera identified. Administration of Bacteroides vulgatus reversed compulsive behavior but failed to exert any substantial effect on body weight. Collectively, these results indicate that AN-specific dysbiosis may contribute to both poor weight gain and mental disorders in patients with AN.

scholarly journals Losartan prevents body weight gain in diet induced obese rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline M Smith ◽  
Charles C.T. Hindmarch ◽  
David Murphy ◽  
Alastair V. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Obese Rats

Bimatoprost promotes satiety and attenuates body weight in rats fed standard or obesity-promoting diets.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clayton Spada ◽  
Chau Vu ◽  
Iona Raymond ◽  
Warren Tong ◽  
Chia-Lin Chuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Gut Hormone

Abstract Background Bimatoprost negatively regulates adipogenesis in vitro and likely participates in a negative feedback loop on anandamide-induced adipogenesis. Here, we investigate the broader metabolic effects of bimatoprost action in vivo in rats under both normal state and obesity-inducing conditions. Methods Male Sprague Dawley rats were a fed standard chow (SC) diet in conjunction with dermally applied bimatoprost treatment for a period of 9–10 weeks. Body weight gain, energy expenditure, food intake, and hormones associated with satiety were measured. Gastric emptying was also separately evaluated. In obesity-promoting diet studies, rats were fed a cafeteria diet (CAF) and gross weight, fat accumulation in SQ, visceral fat and liver was evaluated together with standard serum chemistry. Results Chronic bimatoprost administration attenuated weight gain in rats fed either standard or obesity-promoting diets over a 9–10 weeks. Bimatoprost increased satiety as measured by decreased food intake, gastric emptying and circulating gut hormone levels. Additionally, SQ and visceral fat mass was distinctly affected by treatment. Bimatoprost increased satiety as measured by decreased food intake, gastric emptying and circulating gut hormone levels. Conclusions These findings suggest that bimatoprost (and possibly prostamide F2α) regulates energy homeostasis through actions on dietary intake. These actions likely counteract the metabolic actions of anandamide through the endocannabinoid system potentially revealing a new pathway that could be exploited for therapeutic development.

scholarly journals Oxytocin Administration Alleviates Acute but Not Chronic Leptin Resistance of Diet-Induced Obese Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Labyb ◽  
Chloé Chrétien ◽  
Aurélie Caillon ◽  
Françoise Rohner-Jeanrenaud ◽  
Jordi Altirriba
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Leptin Resistance ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Continuous Administration ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity

Whereas leptin administration only has a negligible effect on the treatment of obesity, it has been demonstrated that its action can be improved by co-administration of leptin and one of its sensitizers. Considering that oxytocin treatment decreases body weight in obese animals and humans, we investigated the effects of oxytocin and leptin cotreatment. First, lean and diet-induced obese (DIO) mice were treated with oxytocin for 2 weeks and we measured the acute leptin response. Second, DIO mice were treated for 2 weeks with saline, oxytocin (50 μg/day), leptin (20 or 40 µg/day) or oxytocin plus leptin. Oxytocin pre-treatment restored a normal acute leptin response, decreasing food intake and body weight gain. Chronic continuous administration of oxytocin or leptin at 40 µg/day decreased body weight in the presence (leptin) or in the absence (oxytocin) of cumulative differences in food intake. Saline or leptin treatment at 20 µg/day had no impact on body weight. Oxytocin and leptin cotreatments had no additional effects compared with single treatments. These results point to the fact that chronic oxytocin treatment improves the acute, but not the chronic leptin response, suggesting that this treatment could be used to improve the short-term satiety effect of leptin.

scholarly journals Effects of Consuming Sugar-Sweetened Beverages for 2 Weeks on 24-h Circulating Leptin Profiles, Ad Libitum Food Intake and Body Weight in Young Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desiree M. Sigala ◽  
Adrianne M. Widaman ◽  
Bettina Hieronimus ◽  
Marinelle V. Nunez ◽  
Vivien Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Ad Libitum

Sugar-sweetened beverage (sugar-SB) consumption is associated with body weight gain. We investigated whether the changes of (Δ) circulating leptin contribute to weight gain and ad libitum food intake in young adults consuming sugar-SB for two weeks. In a parallel, double-blinded, intervention study, participants (n = 131; BMI 18–35 kg/m2; 18–40 years) consumed three beverages/day containing aspartame or 25% energy requirement as glucose, fructose, high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) or sucrose (n = 23–28/group). Body weight, ad libitum food intake and 24-h leptin area under the curve (AUC) were assessed at Week 0 and at the end of Week 2. The Δbody weight was not different among groups (p = 0.092), but the increases in subjects consuming HFCS- (p = 0.0008) and glucose-SB (p = 0.018) were significant compared with Week 0. Subjects consuming sucrose- (+14%, p < 0.0015), fructose- (+9%, p = 0.015) and HFCS-SB (+8%, p = 0.017) increased energy intake during the ad libitum food intake trial compared with subjects consuming aspartame-SB (−4%, p = 0.0037, effect of SB). Fructose-SB decreased (−14 ng/mL × 24 h, p = 0.0006) and sucrose-SB increased (+25 ng/mL × 24 h, p = 0.025 vs. Week 0; p = 0.0008 vs. fructose-SB) 24-h leptin AUC. The Δad libitum food intake and Δbody weight were not influenced by circulating leptin in young adults consuming sugar-SB for 2 weeks. Studies are needed to determine the mechanisms mediating increased energy intake in subjects consuming sugar-SB.

scholarly journals Effect of chronic infusion of olanzapine and clozapine on food intake and body weight gain in male and female rats

Life Sciences ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 81 (12) ◽  
pp. 1024-1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
SuJean Choi ◽  
Briana DiSilvio ◽  
JayLynn Unangst ◽  
John D. Fernstrom
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Chronic Infusion
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