PtomtAPX, a mitochondrial ascorbate peroxidase, plays an important role in maintaining the redox balance of Populus tomentosa Carr

AbstractPlant mitochondria are important energy-producing structure and ROS are generated as byproducts. APX is one enzyme of the AsA-GSH cycle to reduces H2O2 to water. We identified both PtomtAPX and PtosAPX are located in mitochondria of Populus tomentosa Carr. PtomtAPX is specifically targeted to mitochondria, while PtosAPX is dual targeted to both chloroplast and mitochondria. The expression of PtomtAPX in mitochondria was 60-fold that of PtosAPX by ELISA and qPCR analysis. Under high light stress, the expression levels of PtosAPX increased, while that of PtomtAPX only slightly changed. Compared to the WT, the antisense transgenic PtomtAPX cell lines showed slowed growth, smaller cells impaired mitochondria in MS medium under normal growth. RNA-seq results showed 3121 genes significantly altered expression in the antisense cells, and most of them are important for mitochondrial function, particularly in oxidative phosphorylation. Our findings demonstrates a mitochondrial location for one APX isoform, and provide valuable insight into the mechanism which ROS balance is modulated by AsA-GSH cycle in mitochondria.

Download Full-text

Transcriptome Profiling Analyses in Psoriasis: A Dynamic Contribution of Keratinocytes to the Pathogenesis

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes11101155 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 1155 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Geneviève Rioux ◽

Zainab Ridha ◽

Mélissa Simard ◽

Florence Turgeon ◽

Sylvain L. Guérin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Disease Onset ◽

Transcriptome Profiling ◽

Relevant Information ◽

Genomic Alteration ◽

Psoriatic Skin ◽

Rna Seq ◽

Altered Expression ◽

Immune Mediated ◽

New Biomarkers ◽

Insight Into

Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease with a complex etiology involving environmental and genetic factors. A better insight into related genomic alteration helps design precise therapies leading to better treatment outcome. Gene expression in psoriasis can provide relevant information about the altered expression of mRNA transcripts, thus giving new insights into the disease onset. Techniques for transcriptome analyses, such as microarray and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), are relevant tools for the discovery of new biomarkers as well as new therapeutic targets. This review summarizes the findings related to the contribution of keratinocytes in the pathogenesis of psoriasis by an in-depth review of studies that have examined psoriatic transcriptomes in the past years. It also provides valuable information on reconstructed 3D psoriatic skin models using cells isolated from psoriatic patients for transcriptomic studies.

Download Full-text

Study of the resistor material of an automotive spark plug by use of the charge-up effect along with elemental mapping in an electron microprobe

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100088026 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 49 ◽

pp. 742-743

Author(s):

D. R. Liu ◽

S. S. Shinozaki ◽

J. S. Park ◽

B. N. Juterbock

Keyword(s):

Electron Microprobe ◽

Present Report ◽

Coated Sample ◽

Valuable Insight ◽

Elemental Mapping ◽

Spark Plug ◽

Carbon Coated ◽

Electron Image ◽

Electron Imaging ◽

Insight Into

The electric and thermal properties of the resistor material in an automotive spark plug should be stable during its service lifetime. Containing many elements and many phases, this material has a very complex microstructure. Elemental mapping with an electron microprobe can reveal the distribution of all relevant elements throughout the sample. In this work, it is demonstrated that the charge-up effect, which would distort an electron image and, therefore, is normally to be avoided in an electron imaging work, could be used to advantage to reveal conductive and resistive zones in a sample. Its combination with elemental mapping can provide valuable insight into the underlying conductivity mechanism of the resistor.This work was performed in a CAMECA SX-50 microprobe. The spark plug used in the present report was a commercial product taken from the shelf. It was sectioned to expose the cross section of the resistor. The resistor was known not to contain the precious metal Au as checked on the carbon coated sample. The sample was then stripped of carbon coating and re-coated with Au.

Download Full-text

Quantum Mechanical Interpretation of the Ultra-Low Energy Methyl-Rotation Dynamics in Porous Metal-Organic Frameworks Probed by Low-Frequency Vibrational Spectroscopy and ab initio Simulations

10.26434/chemrxiv.5995078.v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Qi Li ◽

Adam J. Zaczek ◽

Timothy M. Korter ◽

J. Axel Zeitler ◽

Michael T. Ruggiero

Keyword(s):

Ab Initio ◽

Metal Organic Frameworks ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Rotor Dynamics ◽

Quantum Mechanical ◽

Valuable Insight ◽

Void Space ◽

Ab Initio Simulations ◽

Metal Organic ◽

Insight Into

<div>Understanding the nature of the interatomic interactions present within the pores of metal-organic frameworks</div><div>is critical in order to design and utilize advanced materials</div><div>with desirable applications. In ZIF-8 and its cobalt analogue</div><div>ZIF-67, the imidazolate methyl-groups, which point directly</div><div>into the void space, have been shown to freely rotate - even</div><div>down to cryogenic temperatures. Using a combination of ex-</div><div>perimental terahertz time-domain spectroscopy, low-frequency</div><div>Raman spectroscopy, and state-of-the-art ab initio simulations,</div><div>the methyl-rotor dynamics in ZIF-8 and ZIF-67 are fully charac-</div><div>terized within the context of a quantum-mechanical hindered-</div><div>rotor model. The results lend insight into the fundamental</div><div>origins of the experimentally observed methyl-rotor dynamics,</div><div>and provide valuable insight into the nature of the weak inter-</div><div>actions present within this important class of materials.</div>

Download Full-text

A Review of Phytochemical and Pharmacological Studies of Inula Species

Current Bioactive Compounds ◽

10.2174/1573407215666190207093538 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. 557-567

Author(s):

Aparoop Das ◽

Anshul Shakya ◽

Surajit Kumar Ghosh ◽

Udaya P. Singh ◽

Hans R. Bhat

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Infections ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Valuable Insight ◽

Important Ingredient ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Medicinal Uses ◽

The Family ◽

Pharmacological Studies ◽

Perennial Herbs ◽

Insight Into

Background: Plants of the genus Inula are perennial herbs of the family Asteraceae. This genus includes more than 100 species, widely distributed throughout Europe, Africa and Asia including India. Many of them are indicated in traditional medicine, e.g., in Ayurveda. This review explores chemical constituents, medicinal uses and pharmacological actions of Inula species. Methods: Major databases and research and review articles retrieved through Scopus, Web of Science, and Medline were consulted to obtain information on the pharmacological activities of the genus Inula published from 1994 to 2017. Results: Inula species are used either alone or as an important ingredient of various formulations to cure dysfunctions of the cardiovascular system, respiratory system, urinary system, central nervous system and digestive system, and for the treatment of asthma, diabetes, cancers, skin disorders, hepatic disease, fungal and bacterial infections. A range of phytochemicals including alkaloids, essential and volatile oils, flavonoids, terpenes, and lactones has been isolated from herbs of the genus Inula, which might possibly explain traditional uses of these plants. Conclusion: The present review is focused on chemical constituents, medicinal uses and pharmacological actions of Inula species and provides valuable insight into its medicinal potential.

Download Full-text

Effects of extracts on the colour of thermally modified Populus tomentosa Carr.

Wood Science and Technology ◽

10.1007/s00226-021-01304-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zhenju Bi ◽

Jingyi Yuan ◽

Jeffrey J. Morrell ◽

Li Yan

Keyword(s):

Populus Tomentosa ◽

Populus Tomentosa Carr

Download Full-text

Compound heterozygous variants in LAMC3 in association with posterior periventricular nodular heterotopia

BMC Medical Genomics ◽

10.1186/s12920-021-00911-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Carla De Angelis ◽

Alicia B. Byrne ◽

Rebecca Morrow ◽

Jinghua Feng ◽

Thuong Ha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cortical Development ◽

Occipital Cortex ◽

Compound Heterozygous ◽

Valuable Insight ◽

Periventricular Nodular Heterotopia ◽

Case Presentation ◽

Malformation Of Cortical Development ◽

Nodular Heterotopia ◽

Compound Heterozygous Variants ◽

Insight Into

Abstract Background Periventricular nodular heterotopia (PNH) is a malformation of cortical development characterized by nodules of abnormally migrated neurons. The cause of posteriorly placed PNH is not well characterised and we present a case that provides insights into the cause of posterior PNH. Case presentation We report a fetus with extensive posterior PNH in association with biallelic variants in LAMC3. LAMC3 mutations have previously been shown to cause polymicrogyria and pachygyria in the occipital cortex, but not PNH. The occipital location of PNH in our case and the proposed function of LAMC3 in cortical development suggest that the identified LAMC3 variants may be causal of PNH in this fetus. Conclusion We hypothesise that this finding extends the cortical phenotype associated with LAMC3 and provides valuable insight into genetic cause of posterior PNH.

Download Full-text

Detecting Convergence Trends among EU Universities

Economies ◽

10.3390/economies9020042 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 42

Author(s):

Maria Adamakou ◽

Dimitris Kallioras ◽

George Petrakos

Keyword(s):

Methodological Approach ◽

Basic Research ◽

Valuable Insight ◽

Traditional Role ◽

University Ranking ◽

Convergence Clubs ◽

Development Processes ◽

The Impact ◽

The Empirical Analysis ◽

Insight Into

Universities are emerging growth determinants. This is so as, in addition to the fulfillment of their traditional role in teaching and (basic) research, universities, as aptly described within the helix framework, are expected to engage in regional development processes. The paper aims to detect trends of convergence among EU universities in terms of performance. To the best of our knowledge, this topic has not hitherto been examined. The empirical analysis of the paper covers the period 2014–2021, utilizes data obtained from URAP (University Ranking by Academic Performance), and employs the methodological approach of convergence clubs. The findings of the paper provide valuable insight into both theory and policy-making. We conclude that despite the unification of EU educational space, trends of divergence among EU universities are still present, and notable divisions still remain. Consequently, this indicates that the impact of EU universities on the formation of spatial disparities across EU space is not neutral.

Download Full-text

Exploration of Alternative Splicing Events in Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes12050737 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 737

Author(s):

Ji-Eun Jeong ◽

Binna Seol ◽

Han-Seop Kim ◽

Jae-Yun Kim ◽

Yee-Sook Cho

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Alternative Splicing ◽

Functional Enrichment ◽

Actin Binding ◽

Pcr Analysis ◽

Valuable Insight ◽

Sequencing Analysis ◽

Induced Pluripotent ◽

Insight Into

Although comparative genome-wide transcriptomic analysis has provided insight into the biology of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (iMSCs), the distinct alternative splicing (AS) signatures of iMSCs remain elusive. Here, we performed Illumina RNA sequencing analysis to characterize AS events in iMSCs compared with tissue-derived MSCs. A total of 4586 differentially expressed genes (|FC| > 2) were identified between iMSCs and umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (UCB-MSCs), including 2169 upregulated and 2417 downregulated genes. Of these, 164 differentially spliced events (BF > 20) in 112 genes were identified between iMSCs and UCB-MSCs. The predominant type of AS found in iMSCs was skipped exons (43.3%), followed by retained introns (19.5%), alternative 3′ (15.2%) and 5′ (12.8%) splice sites, and mutually exclusive exons (9.1%). Functional enrichment analysis showed that the differentially spliced genes (|FC| > 2 and BF > 20) were mainly enriched in functions associated with focal adhesion, extracellular exosomes, extracellular matrix organization, cell adhesion, and actin binding. Splice isoforms of selected genes including TRPT1, CNN2, and AP1G2, identified in sashimi plots, were further validated by RT-PCR analysis. This study provides valuable insight into the biology of iMSCs and the translation of mechanistic understanding of iMSCs into therapeutic applications.

Download Full-text