scholarly journals Data integration for prediction of weight loss in randomized controlled dietary trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rikke Linnemann Nielsen ◽  
Marianne Helenius ◽  
Sara L. Garcia ◽  
Henrik M. Roager ◽  
Derya Aytan-Aktug ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Urine Metabolites ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Loss Prediction ◽  
Random Forest Models ◽  
The Individual

AbstractDiet is an important component in weight management strategies, but heterogeneous responses to the same diet make it difficult to foresee individual weight-loss outcomes. Omics-based technologies now allow for analysis of multiple factors for weight loss prediction at the individual level. Here, we classify weight loss responders (N = 106) and non-responders (N = 97) of overweight non-diabetic middle-aged Danes to two earlier reported dietary trials over 8 weeks. Random forest models integrated gut microbiome, host genetics, urine metabolome, measures of physiology and anthropometrics measured prior to any dietary intervention to identify individual predisposing features of weight loss in combination with diet. The most predictive models for weight loss included features of diet, gut bacterial species and urine metabolites (ROC-AUC: 0.84–0.88) compared to a diet-only model (ROC-AUC: 0.62). A model ensemble integrating multi-omics identified 64% of the non-responders with 80% confidence. Such models will be useful to assist in selecting appropriate weight management strategies, as individual predisposition to diet response varies.

Exploring the effect of weight loss on food reward at the individual level

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline Oustric ◽  
Kristine Beaulieu ◽  
Nuno Casanova ◽  
Francois Husson ◽  
Catherine Gibbons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Food Reward ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual

scholarly journals Long-term weight status in regainers after weight loss by lifestyle intervention: status and challenges

2014 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Stelmach-Mardas ◽  
Marcin Mardas ◽  
Jarosław Walkowiak ◽  
Heiner Boeing
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
The Individual

After having participated in a weight loss trial, most participants do not stabilise the obtained weight loss but return to their initial weight. The aim of this review is to describe the main determinants of continued low weight status after weight loss, and the effectiveness of physical activity (PA), energy restriction and macronutrient composition of the diet for low long-term weight regain. Studies with intervention periods of at least 3 months duration of weight reduction measures and a follow-up at least 2 years after the intervention period were considered as eligible for the review. Owing to limited data, the studies describing the role of PA in weight management were eligible with a follow-up of 1 year only. It appears that a diet with self-regulation of dietary intake seems to be given a prominent role in the strategy of successful long-term weight loss among the obese. This measure could be combined with behaviour therapy and PA and tailored to the individual situation. However, considering available evidence it is difficult to conclude regarding unambiguous measures and to recommend a specific dietary intervention. Nevertheless, interventions should be effective in promoting intrinsic motivation and self-efficacy. The harmonisation and standardisation of data collection in the follow-up period of long-term weight loss studies is a major challenge.

scholarly journals Outcomes of weight management in obese pet dogs: what can we do better?

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander J. German
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
End Points ◽  
Pet Dogs ◽  
Welfare Issue ◽  
Successful Weight Loss ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Current Weight

Obesity is arguably the biggest health and welfare issue affecting pet dogs. Although successful weight loss has health benefits, current strategies are far from ideal. Many obese dogs that start a weight programme fail to lose weight, or subsequently regain the weight they have lost. Given that current weight loss strategies are not perfect, clinicians need to focus carefully on tailoring the programme, perhaps setting a pragmatic target for weight loss, so as to ensure the benefits are maximised. This review will summarise key findings from recent clinical research into pet obesity, and present a framework for improving success, by better tailoring weight management regimens and end points to the individual.

scholarly journals Effecting dietary change

2004 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley J. Adamson ◽  
John C. Mathers
Keyword(s):  
Policy Development ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Dietary Change ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Uk

A world epidemic of diet-related chronic disease is currently being faced. In the UK incidence of obesity alone has tripled in the last 20 years and this trend is predicted to continue. Consensus exists for the urgent need for a change in diet and other lifestyle factors and for the direction and targets for this change. The evidence for how this change can be achieved is less certain. It has been established that disease processes begin in childhood. Recent evidence indicates that dietary habits too are established in childhood but that these habits are amenable to change. While establishing a healthy lifestyle in childhood is paramount, interventions have the potential to promote positive change throughout the life course. Success in reversing current trends in diet-related disease will depend on commitment from legislators, health professionals, industry and individuals, and this collaboration must seek to address not only the food choices of the individual but also the environment that influences such choices. Recent public health policy development in England, if fully supported and implemented, is a positive move towards this goal. Evidence for effective strategies to promote dietary change at the individual level is emerging and three reviews of this evidence are discussed. In addition, three recent dietary intervention studies, in three different settings and with different methods and aims, are presented to illustrate methods of effecting dietary change. Further work is required on what factors influence the eating behaviour and physical activity of individuals. There is a need for further theory-based research on which to develop more effective strategies to enable individuals to adopt healthier lifestyles.

scholarly journals Smartloss: A Personalized Mobile Health Intervention for Weight Management and Health Promotion

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e18
Author(s):  
Corby K Martin ◽  
L. Anne Gilmore ◽  
John W Apolzan ◽  
Candice A Myers ◽  
Diana M Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Mobile Health ◽  
Treatment Fidelity ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
The Individual

Background Synonymous with increased use of mobile phones has been the development of mobile health (mHealth) technology for improving health, including weight management. Behavior change theory (eg, the theory of planned behavior) can be effectively encapsulated into mobile phone-based health improvement programs, which is fostered by the ability of mobile phones and related devices to collect and transmit objective data in near real time and for health care or research professionals and clients to communicate easily. Objective To describe SmartLoss, a semiautomated mHealth platform for weight loss. Methods We developed and validated a dynamic energy balance model that determines the amount of weight an individual will lose over time if they are adherent to an energy intake prescription. This model was incorporated into computer code that enables adherence to a prescribed caloric prescription determined from the change in body weight of the individual. Data from the individual are then used to guide personalized recommendations regarding weight loss and behavior change via a semiautomated mHealth platform called SmartLoss, which consists of 2 elements: (1) a clinician dashboard and (2) a mobile phone app. SmartLoss includes and interfaces with a network-connected bathroom scale and a Bluetooth-connected accelerometer, which enables automated collection of client information (eg, body weight change and physical activity patterns), as well as the systematic delivery of preplanned health materials and automated feedback that is based on client data and is designed to foster prolonged adherence with body weight, diet, and exercise goals. The clinician dashboard allows for efficient remote monitoring of all clients simultaneously, which may further increase adherence, personalization of treatment, treatment fidelity, and efficacy. Results Evidence of the efficacy of the SmartLoss approach has been reported previously. The present report provides a thorough description of the SmartLoss Virtual Weight Management Suite, a professionally programmed platform that facilitates treatment fidelity and the ability to customize interventions and disseminate them widely. Conclusions SmartLoss functions as a virtual weight management clinic that relies upon empirical weight loss research and behavioral theory to promote behavior change and weight loss.

Weight Management and Weight Loss Strategies of Professional Jockeys

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan M. Moore ◽  
Anna F. Timperio ◽  
David A. Crawford ◽  
Cate M. Burns ◽  
David Cameron-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Additional Weight ◽  
The Impact

Jockeys are required to maintain very low body weight and precise weight control during competition. This study examined the weight loss and weight management strategies of professional horseracing jockeys in the state of Victoria, Australia. An anonymous, self-completed questionnaire was administered (55% response rate, n=116). Almost half (43%) reported that maintaining riding weight was difficult or very difficult, with 75% routinely skipping meals. In preparation for racing, 60% reported that they typically required additional weight loss, with 81% restricting food intake in the 24 hours prior to racing. Additionally, sauna-induced sweating (29%) and diuretics (22%) were frequently employed to further aid in weight loss prior to racing. These rapid weight loss methods did not differ between the 51% of jockeys who followed a weight management plan compared to those who did not. The impact of these extreme weight loss practices on riding performance and health remains unknown.

scholarly journals Sustainable Social and Individual Implications of Telework: A New Insight into the Romanian Labor Market

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 3506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina-Mihaela Dima ◽  
Claudia-Elena Țuclea ◽  
Diana-Maria Vrânceanu ◽  
Gabriela Țigu
Keyword(s):  
Latent Variables ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

This research aims to evaluate the individual and social implications of telework, along with the foreseeable permanent result that could be generated. Consistent with this objective, a survey has been carried out on a sample of 1180 Romanian employees, on which a model has been developed, based on structural equation modelling. The model includes five latent variables, on the one hand targeting telework features and on the other hand, its possible effects on individuals and society. At an individual level, the study results emphasize that telework could contribute to a better work–life balance and could also help teleworkers to develop specific teleworking abilities. At a social level, telework could generate sustainable effects targeting the long-term management of the work force and providing solutions to potential problems at local community levels. The managerial implications of this study are directed toward the need to implement a series of sustainable human resource management strategies and efficient employee training and development programs. Moreover, organizations need to be more proactive in assuming corporate social responsibilities.

Weight Management Strategies of Successful Weight Maintainers Subsequent to Clinically Relevant Weight Loss

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S177
Author(s):  
Elizabeth E. Stewart ◽  
Katrina D. Dubose ◽  
Bryan K. Smith ◽  
Joseph E. Donnelly
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Management Strategies

scholarly journals 8 Precision dairy cattle welfare: use of technology for individual measures, record keeping and early disease detection

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 13-13
Author(s):  
Joao Costa
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Early Disease Detection ◽  
Cattle Management ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Precision Dairy Farming (PDF) technologies measure physiological or behavioral parameters from individual cows with the objective of enhancing animal health and welfare. Continuous monitoring of individual animals allows for detailed data record keeping and offers an opportunity to tailor management to the individual. Here we present some of the available technologies related to some of the key animal welfare measures on dairy farms, such as lying and rumination behavior, lameness and BCS monitoring. Generally, changes associated with lying time and rumination behavior are precise at the individual level but still not able to be generalized between herds, regions and productions systems. Automated gait scoring and BCS of individual cows are commercially available and becoming more accessible, allowing for increased opportunity for use on commercial dairy farms and in dairy research. Any use of PDT should understand the precision, accuracy and bias of the devices used, especially when interpreting herd summaries and regional averages. Most technologies evaluated are highly precise, but many fail to be accurate. In addition to their uses for farmers, PDT with high accuracy also aid researchers and processors to collect comprehensive data sets and reliable records. Overall, the potential uses of precision technology tools are likely to become more common on farms, and consequently improve dairy cattle management strategies, aid in herd monitoring, and improve animal welfare at the individual level.

scholarly journals Green Tea Extract as a Safe and Effective Dietary Supplement: Lessons Learned from Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 419-419
Author(s):  
Igor Kortubash ◽  
Laura Ewing ◽  
Charles Skinner ◽  
Intawat Nookaew ◽  
Bharathi Avula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Body Weight Reduction ◽  
Molecular Alterations ◽  
Lean Mouse

Abstract Objectives Green tea extracts (GTEs) are common ingredients among dietary supplements marketed for weight loss and weight management. However, GTEs and their various catechin polyphenols have also been linked to a number of hepatotoxicity cases. Methods The purpose of this study was to investigate, using various mouse models, the hepato- and cardiotoxic potential of a well-characterized GTE; its ability to promote weight loss; and its effect on the gut microbiome. Results Gavaging GTE over a range of 1X–10X mouse equivalent doses (MED) for up to 2 weeks did not elicit significant histomorphological, physiological, biochemical or molecular alterations in the livers of lean B6C3F1 mice. Similarly, no evidence of hepato- or cardiotoxicity was noted when GTE was administered to obese NZO/HlLtJ mice for 8 weeks, either alone or in combination with caffeine (CAF) and/or exercise (EX). Eight weeks of GTE administration in combination with CAF resulted in significant body weight reduction in obese mice, which was further enhanced by EX. Furthermore, GTE/CAF combinations partially mitigated obesity-associated small and large droplet steatosis and decreased both portal and lobular inflammation, demonstrating hepatoprotective capabilities. Administration of GTE at MEDs comparable to those consumed by humans resulted in significant modulation of gut microflora, with increases in beneficial Akkermansia spp. among lean mouse phenotypes being most pronounced. This favorable change in the gut microbiome may provide a mechanistic link to weight loss management. Conclusions Results of this study demonstrate that appropriate doses of caffeinated GTE can serve as a useful adjunct in weight management strategies. Furthermore, clinically relevant doses of GTE/CAF combinations did not produce hepato- or cardiotoxicity, but rather show significant potential to promote liver health by reversing early signs of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatosteatosis. Funding Sources NIGMS 1P20 GM109005.

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