scholarly journals Outcomes of weight management in obese pet dogs: what can we do better?

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander J. German
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
End Points ◽  
Pet Dogs ◽  
Welfare Issue ◽  
Successful Weight Loss ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Current Weight

Obesity is arguably the biggest health and welfare issue affecting pet dogs. Although successful weight loss has health benefits, current strategies are far from ideal. Many obese dogs that start a weight programme fail to lose weight, or subsequently regain the weight they have lost. Given that current weight loss strategies are not perfect, clinicians need to focus carefully on tailoring the programme, perhaps setting a pragmatic target for weight loss, so as to ensure the benefits are maximised. This review will summarise key findings from recent clinical research into pet obesity, and present a framework for improving success, by better tailoring weight management regimens and end points to the individual.

scholarly journals Smartloss: A Personalized Mobile Health Intervention for Weight Management and Health Promotion

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e18
Author(s):  
Corby K Martin ◽  
L. Anne Gilmore ◽  
John W Apolzan ◽  
Candice A Myers ◽  
Diana M Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Mobile Health ◽  
Treatment Fidelity ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
The Individual

Background Synonymous with increased use of mobile phones has been the development of mobile health (mHealth) technology for improving health, including weight management. Behavior change theory (eg, the theory of planned behavior) can be effectively encapsulated into mobile phone-based health improvement programs, which is fostered by the ability of mobile phones and related devices to collect and transmit objective data in near real time and for health care or research professionals and clients to communicate easily. Objective To describe SmartLoss, a semiautomated mHealth platform for weight loss. Methods We developed and validated a dynamic energy balance model that determines the amount of weight an individual will lose over time if they are adherent to an energy intake prescription. This model was incorporated into computer code that enables adherence to a prescribed caloric prescription determined from the change in body weight of the individual. Data from the individual are then used to guide personalized recommendations regarding weight loss and behavior change via a semiautomated mHealth platform called SmartLoss, which consists of 2 elements: (1) a clinician dashboard and (2) a mobile phone app. SmartLoss includes and interfaces with a network-connected bathroom scale and a Bluetooth-connected accelerometer, which enables automated collection of client information (eg, body weight change and physical activity patterns), as well as the systematic delivery of preplanned health materials and automated feedback that is based on client data and is designed to foster prolonged adherence with body weight, diet, and exercise goals. The clinician dashboard allows for efficient remote monitoring of all clients simultaneously, which may further increase adherence, personalization of treatment, treatment fidelity, and efficacy. Results Evidence of the efficacy of the SmartLoss approach has been reported previously. The present report provides a thorough description of the SmartLoss Virtual Weight Management Suite, a professionally programmed platform that facilitates treatment fidelity and the ability to customize interventions and disseminate them widely. Conclusions SmartLoss functions as a virtual weight management clinic that relies upon empirical weight loss research and behavioral theory to promote behavior change and weight loss.

scholarly journals Data integration for prediction of weight loss in randomized controlled dietary trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rikke Linnemann Nielsen ◽  
Marianne Helenius ◽  
Sara L. Garcia ◽  
Henrik M. Roager ◽  
Derya Aytan-Aktug ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Urine Metabolites ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Loss Prediction ◽  
Random Forest Models ◽  
The Individual

AbstractDiet is an important component in weight management strategies, but heterogeneous responses to the same diet make it difficult to foresee individual weight-loss outcomes. Omics-based technologies now allow for analysis of multiple factors for weight loss prediction at the individual level. Here, we classify weight loss responders (N = 106) and non-responders (N = 97) of overweight non-diabetic middle-aged Danes to two earlier reported dietary trials over 8 weeks. Random forest models integrated gut microbiome, host genetics, urine metabolome, measures of physiology and anthropometrics measured prior to any dietary intervention to identify individual predisposing features of weight loss in combination with diet. The most predictive models for weight loss included features of diet, gut bacterial species and urine metabolites (ROC-AUC: 0.84–0.88) compared to a diet-only model (ROC-AUC: 0.62). A model ensemble integrating multi-omics identified 64% of the non-responders with 80% confidence. Such models will be useful to assist in selecting appropriate weight management strategies, as individual predisposition to diet response varies.

scholarly journals Low-maintenance energy requirements of obese dogs after weight loss

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (S1) ◽  
pp. S93-S96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander J. German ◽  
Shelley L. Holden ◽  
Nicola J. Mather ◽  
Penelope J. Morris ◽  
Vincent Biourge
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Metabolic Efficiency ◽  
Maintenance Energy ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Lean Tissue ◽  
Pet Dogs

Weight rebound after successful weight loss is a well-known phenomenon in humans and dogs, possibly due to the fact that energy restriction improves metabolic efficiency, reducing post-weight-loss maintenance energy requirements (MER). The aim of the present study was to estimate post-weight-loss MER in obese pet dogs that had successfully lost weight and did not subsequently rebound. A total of twenty-four obese dogs, successfully completing a weight management programme at the Royal Canin Weight Management Clinic, University of Liverpool (Wirral, UK), were included. In all dogs, a period of >14 d of stable weight ( < 1 % change) was identified post-weight loss, when food intake was constant and activity levels were stable (assessed via owners' diary records). Post-weight-loss MER was indirectly estimated by determining dietary energy consumption during this stable weight period. Multivariable linear regression was used to identify factors that were associated with post-weight-loss MER. The mean length of stable weight after weight loss was 54 (sd 34·1) d. During this time, MER was 285 (sd 54·8) kJ/kg0·75 per d. The rate of prior weight loss and food intake during the weight-loss phase was positively associated with post-weight-loss MER, while the amount of lean tissue lost was negatively associated with post-weight-loss MER. MER are low after weight loss in obese pet dogs (typically only 10 % more than required during weight-loss MER), which has implications for what should constitute the optimal diet during this period. Preserving lean tissue during weight loss may maximise post-weight-loss MER and help prevent rebound.

scholarly journals Long-term follow-up after weight management in obese cats

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Deagle ◽  
Shelley L. Holden ◽  
Vincent Biourge ◽  
Penelope J. Morris ◽  
Alexander J. German
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Weight Regain ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Kendall’S Τ ◽  
Successful Weight Loss

AbstractFeline obesity is a prevalent medical disease and the main therapeutic strategy is dietary energy restriction. However, at present there are no data regarding long-term outcome in this species. The purpose of the present study was to investigate if, as in other species, some cats regain weight following successful weight loss, and to identify any influencing factors in a cohort of client-owned cats with naturally occurring obesity. Twenty-six cats were included, all of which had successfully completed a weight management programme. After weight loss, cats were periodically monitored. The median duration of follow-up was 954 d (72–2162 d). Ten cats (39 %) maintained their completion weight (±5 %), four (15 %) lost >5 % additional weight and 12 (46 %) gained >5 % weight. Seven of the rebounding cats (58 %) regained over 50 % of their original weight lost. Older cats were less likely to regain weight than younger cats (P = 0·024); with an approximately linear negative association between the cat's age and the amount of weight regained (Kendall's τ = −0·340, P = 0·016). Furthermore, cats whose energy intake during weight loss was greater were also more likely to regain weight (P = 0·023). When the characteristics of weight regain in cats were compared with those from a similar cohort of dogs, cats that rebounded were more likely to regain >50 % of the weight they had lost. These results suggest that weight regain, after successful weight loss, is common in obese cats, and that young cats (<7 years of age) are most at risk.

Integrating strategies from three predominant theories regarding romantic partner support of weight loss

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 3009-3036 ◽  
Author(s):  
René M. Dailey
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Partner Support ◽  
Romantic Partner ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Support Strategies ◽  
Judgment Study ◽  
The Individual

Three theories are predominantly used to assess romantic partner support of individuals’ weight loss: self-determination, social control, and confirmation. Because all theories highlight partner strategies as a primary theoretical element and involve strategies that appear to overlap, the current study sought to create an overarching measure of partner support strategies. Study 1 assessed the items from scales across all three theories, and three overarching strategies emerged: encouragement (e.g., reassurances, understanding, praises), instrumental influence (e.g., requests, reminders, modeling), and coercion (e.g., affection withdrawal, judgment). Study 2 assessed the measurement, predictive, and concurrent validity of this three-strategy scale. Results suggested the three overarching strategies and their combinations explained more variance in weight management variables than the strategies of the individual theories. The goal of this research is not to critique the individual theories or measures but to channel research in this area, thereby expediting progress in combatting obesity.

Critical review of bariatric surgery, medically supervised diets, and behavioural interventions for weight management in adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 137 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Beaulac ◽  
Daniella Sandre
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Patient Experiences ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Weight Loss Outcomes

Aims: Patient selection of weight management treatment option is often guided by a variety of factors. Currently, there is no comprehensive tool to facilitate informed decision-making for patients and clinicians. This article aims to synthesise evidence on the treatment effectiveness, health benefits, risks, and patient experiences of treatment options presently available at the Weight Management Clinic at The Ottawa Hospital (TOH), as a first step towards developing a decision aid. Methods: Narrative and systematic reviews published in English between 1999 and 2014 were included that focused on one or more of the following weight management treatments in adults aged 18 years and over: roux-en-y gastric bypass (RYGB), sleeve gastrectomy (SG), medically supervised meal replacement, and behavioural or lifestyle intervention. Results: Overall, bariatric surgeries have received the greatest research attention and have been associated not only with greater weight loss and health benefit but also with greater risks, complications, and financial cost. Dietary programmes demonstrated weight loss and health benefits to a lesser extent than with surgery but were associated with lower and shorter-term risks and complications. Behavioural and lifestyle interventions have been studied less yet have shown significant, albeit small, weight loss outcomes alone and in combination with dietary or surgical options; they also appear to be the lowest risk interventions. Patient experiences of weight management options are mixed and not well understood. Conclusion: Further research is needed; however, this review identified some general trends related to weight loss outcomes, benefits, risks, and barriers for weight management options that have implications for shared treatment decision-making.

scholarly journals Weight Regain and Insufficient Weight Loss after Bariatric Surgery: A Call for Action

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahiba Elhag ◽  
Walid El Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Regain ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Target Weight ◽  
Insufficient Weight Loss ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Successful Weight Loss ◽  
The Individual

Despite successful weight loss after bariatric surgery (BS), weight regain (WR) may occur on long term following most bariatric procedures, with 20–30% of patients either failing to reach their target weight goals or failing to maintain the achieved weight loss. Significant WR has important health consequences, including the reversal of the improved obesity-related comorbidities and psychological function leading to decreased quality of life. Given the challenges faced by these patients, there is a need for multidisciplinary approaches to deal with WR. This chapter addresses the issue of WR among bariatric patients. It starts with the various definitions of insufficient weight loss and WR and the prevalence of weight regain by type of bariatric procedure. The chapter then explores the underlying causes as well as the predictors of WR. It will also outline the behavioral and psychotherapeutic, dietary and exercise strategies employed in the prevention of post-surgery WR. The chapter will then highlight the non-surgical and surgical approaches used in the management of WR. The chapter will conclude with a summary of the findings emphasizing that WR is complex and multifactorial, requiring multidisciplinary and multimodal dietary, behavioral, pharmacological, and surgical management strategies tailored to meet the individual needs of each patient.

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