scholarly journals Green Tea Extract as a Safe and Effective Dietary Supplement: Lessons Learned from Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 419-419
Author(s):  
Igor Kortubash ◽  
Laura Ewing ◽  
Charles Skinner ◽  
Intawat Nookaew ◽  
Bharathi Avula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Body Weight Reduction ◽  
Molecular Alterations ◽  
Lean Mouse

Abstract Objectives Green tea extracts (GTEs) are common ingredients among dietary supplements marketed for weight loss and weight management. However, GTEs and their various catechin polyphenols have also been linked to a number of hepatotoxicity cases. Methods The purpose of this study was to investigate, using various mouse models, the hepato- and cardiotoxic potential of a well-characterized GTE; its ability to promote weight loss; and its effect on the gut microbiome. Results Gavaging GTE over a range of 1X–10X mouse equivalent doses (MED) for up to 2 weeks did not elicit significant histomorphological, physiological, biochemical or molecular alterations in the livers of lean B6C3F1 mice. Similarly, no evidence of hepato- or cardiotoxicity was noted when GTE was administered to obese NZO/HlLtJ mice for 8 weeks, either alone or in combination with caffeine (CAF) and/or exercise (EX). Eight weeks of GTE administration in combination with CAF resulted in significant body weight reduction in obese mice, which was further enhanced by EX. Furthermore, GTE/CAF combinations partially mitigated obesity-associated small and large droplet steatosis and decreased both portal and lobular inflammation, demonstrating hepatoprotective capabilities. Administration of GTE at MEDs comparable to those consumed by humans resulted in significant modulation of gut microflora, with increases in beneficial Akkermansia spp. among lean mouse phenotypes being most pronounced. This favorable change in the gut microbiome may provide a mechanistic link to weight loss management. Conclusions Results of this study demonstrate that appropriate doses of caffeinated GTE can serve as a useful adjunct in weight management strategies. Furthermore, clinically relevant doses of GTE/CAF combinations did not produce hepato- or cardiotoxicity, but rather show significant potential to promote liver health by reversing early signs of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatosteatosis. Funding Sources NIGMS 1P20 GM109005.

Weight Management and Weight Loss Strategies of Professional Jockeys

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan M. Moore ◽  
Anna F. Timperio ◽  
David A. Crawford ◽  
Cate M. Burns ◽  
David Cameron-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Additional Weight ◽  
The Impact

Jockeys are required to maintain very low body weight and precise weight control during competition. This study examined the weight loss and weight management strategies of professional horseracing jockeys in the state of Victoria, Australia. An anonymous, self-completed questionnaire was administered (55% response rate, n=116). Almost half (43%) reported that maintaining riding weight was difficult or very difficult, with 75% routinely skipping meals. In preparation for racing, 60% reported that they typically required additional weight loss, with 81% restricting food intake in the 24 hours prior to racing. Additionally, sauna-induced sweating (29%) and diuretics (22%) were frequently employed to further aid in weight loss prior to racing. These rapid weight loss methods did not differ between the 51% of jockeys who followed a weight management plan compared to those who did not. The impact of these extreme weight loss practices on riding performance and health remains unknown.

scholarly journals Data integration for prediction of weight loss in randomized controlled dietary trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rikke Linnemann Nielsen ◽  
Marianne Helenius ◽  
Sara L. Garcia ◽  
Henrik M. Roager ◽  
Derya Aytan-Aktug ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Urine Metabolites ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Loss Prediction ◽  
Random Forest Models ◽  
The Individual

AbstractDiet is an important component in weight management strategies, but heterogeneous responses to the same diet make it difficult to foresee individual weight-loss outcomes. Omics-based technologies now allow for analysis of multiple factors for weight loss prediction at the individual level. Here, we classify weight loss responders (N = 106) and non-responders (N = 97) of overweight non-diabetic middle-aged Danes to two earlier reported dietary trials over 8 weeks. Random forest models integrated gut microbiome, host genetics, urine metabolome, measures of physiology and anthropometrics measured prior to any dietary intervention to identify individual predisposing features of weight loss in combination with diet. The most predictive models for weight loss included features of diet, gut bacterial species and urine metabolites (ROC-AUC: 0.84–0.88) compared to a diet-only model (ROC-AUC: 0.62). A model ensemble integrating multi-omics identified 64% of the non-responders with 80% confidence. Such models will be useful to assist in selecting appropriate weight management strategies, as individual predisposition to diet response varies.

Weight Management Strategies of Successful Weight Maintainers Subsequent to Clinically Relevant Weight Loss

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S177
Author(s):  
Elizabeth E. Stewart ◽  
Katrina D. Dubose ◽  
Bryan K. Smith ◽  
Joseph E. Donnelly
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Management Strategies

scholarly journals Effect of green-Mediterranean diet on intrahepatic fat: the DIRECT PLUS randomised controlled trial

Gut ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. gutjnl-2020-323106
Author(s):  
Anat Yaskolka Meir ◽  
Ehud Rinott ◽  
Gal Tsaban ◽  
Hila Zelicha ◽  
Alon Kaplan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Serum Folate ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver

ObjectiveTo examine the effectiveness of green-Mediterranean (MED) diet, further restricted in red/processed meat, and enriched with green plants and polyphenols on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), reflected by intrahepatic fat (IHF) loss.DesignFor the DIRECT-PLUS 18-month randomized clinical trial, we assigned 294 participants with abdominal obesity/dyslipidaemia into healthy dietary guidelines (HDG), MED and green-MED weight-loss diet groups, all accompanied by physical activity. Both isocaloric MED groups consumed 28 g/day walnuts (+440 mg/day polyphenols provided). The green-MED group further consumed green tea (3–4 cups/day) and Mankai (a Wolffia globosa aquatic plant strain; 100 g/day frozen cubes) green shake (+1240 mg/day total polyphenols provided). IHF% 18-month changes were quantified continuously by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS).ResultsParticipants (age=51 years; 88% men; body mass index=31.3 kg/m2; median IHF%=6.6%; mean=10.2%; 62% with NAFLD) had 89.8% 18-month retention-rate, and 78% had eligible follow-up MRS. Overall, NAFLD prevalence declined to: 54.8% (HDG), 47.9% (MED) and 31.5% (green-MED), p=0.012 between groups. Despite similar moderate weight-loss in both MED groups, green-MED group achieved almost double IHF% loss (−38.9% proportionally), as compared with MED (−19.6% proportionally; p=0.035 weight loss adjusted) and HDG (−12.2% proportionally; p<0.001). After 18 months, both MED groups had significantly higher total plasma polyphenol levels versus HDG, with higher detection of Naringenin and 2-5-dihydroxybenzoic-acid in green-MED. Greater IHF% loss was independently associated with increased Mankai and walnuts intake, decreased red/processed meat consumption, improved serum folate and adipokines/lipids biomarkers, changes in microbiome composition (beta-diversity) and specific bacteria (p<0.05 for all).ConclusionThe new suggested strategy of green-Mediterranean diet, amplified with green plant-based proteins/polyphenols as Mankai, green tea, and walnuts, and restricted in red/processed meat can double IHF loss than other healthy nutritional strategies and reduce NAFLD in half.Trial registration numberNCT03020186.

scholarly journals Decaffeinated Green Tea Extract Does Not Elicit Hepatotoxic Effects and Modulates the Gut Microbiome in Lean B6C3F1 Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bill J. Gurley ◽  
Isabelle R. Miousse ◽  
Intawat Nookaew ◽  
Laura E. Ewing ◽  
Charles M. Skinner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Tea ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Green Tea Extract ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Gut Microflora ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Molecular Alterations ◽  
B6c3f1 Mice ◽  
Tea Extract ◽  
Insight Into

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the hepatotoxic potential and effects on the gut microbiome of decaffeinated green tea extract (dGTE) in lean B6C3F1 mice. Gavaging dGTE over a range of 1X–10X mouse equivalent doses (MED) for up to two weeks did not elicit significant histomorphological, physiological, biochemical or molecular alterations in mouse livers. At the same time, administration of dGTE at MED comparable to those consumed by humans resulted in significant modulation of gut microflora, with increases in Akkermansia sp. being most pronounced. Results of this study demonstrate that administration of relevant-to-human-consumption MED of dGTE to non-fasting mice does not lead to hepatotoxicity. Furthermore, dGTE administered to lean mice, caused changes in gut microflora comparable to those observed in obese mice. This study provides further insight into the previously reported weight management properties of dGTE; however, future studies are needed to fully evaluate and understand this effect.

scholarly journals Examination of Weight-Loss Motivators and Family Factors in Relation to Weight Management Strategies and Dietary Behaviors among Adolescents with Obesity

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1729
Author(s):  
Bridget K. Biggs ◽  
Dawn K. Wilson ◽  
Mary Quattlebaum ◽  
Seema Kumar ◽  
Alicia Meek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Dietary Behaviors ◽  
Survey Results

The study aim was to test hypotheses informed by self-determination theory (SDT) regarding associations of adolescent motivators for weight loss and family feeding practices on understanding adolescent weight management and dietary behaviors. Adolescents (n = 71) with obesity were recruited from a large medical center in the Midwest USA and completed questionnaire assessments via an online survey. Results supported hypotheses that endorsement of health motivators for weight loss, conceptualized as autonomous (intrinsic) motivation, and positive family support would be associated with healthier weight management practices and dietary behaviors. Nuanced findings related to social- and self-esteem-related motivators for weight loss indicated a need for further understanding of these weight-loss motivators in the context of SDT. The current study findings highlight the importance of addressing motivational factors and family influences in research and practice related to promoting healthy dietary habits and weight management strategies among adolescents with obesity.

scholarly journals Obesity and thermogenesis related to the consumption of caffeine, ephedrine, capsaicin, and green tea

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (1) ◽  
pp. R77-R85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristel Diepvens ◽  
Klaas R. Westerterp ◽  
Margriet S. Westerterp-Plantenga
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Sympathetic Innervation ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Tea Catechins ◽  
Methyl Transferase ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Total Body

The global prevalence of obesity has increased considerably in the last decade. Tools for obesity management, including caffeine, ephedrine, capsaicin, and green tea have been proposed as strategies for weight loss and weight maintenance, since they may increase energy expenditure and have been proposed to counteract the decrease in metabolic rate that is present during weight loss. A combination of caffeine and ephedrine has shown to be effective in long-term weight management, likely due to different mechanisms that may operate synergistically, e.g., respectively inhibiting the phosphodiesterase-induced degradation of cAMP and enhancing the sympathetic release of catecholamines. However, adverse effects of ephedrine prevent the feasibility of this approach. Capsaicin has been shown to be effective, yet when it is used clinically it requires a strong compliance to a certain dosage, that has not been shown to be feasible yet. Also positive effects on body-weight management have been shown using green tea mixtures. Green tea, by containing both tea catechins and caffeine, may act through inhibition of catechol O-methyl-transferase, and inhibition of phosphodiesterase. Here, the mechanisms may also operate synergistically. In addition, tea catechins have antiangiogenic properties that may prevent development of overweight and obesity. Furthermore, the sympathetic nervous system is involved in the regulation of lipolysis, and the sympathetic innervation of white adipose tissue may play an important role in the regulation of total body fat in general.

Abstract #615: Hispanic People Achieve Clinically Significant Weight loss with Liraglutide 3.0 Mg for Weight Management

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Patrick O’Neil ◽  
W. Timothy Garvey ◽  
J. Michael Gonzalez-Campoy ◽  
Pablo Mora ◽  
Rafael Violante Ortiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Significant Weight Loss ◽  
Hispanic People ◽  
Clinically Significant

Do the Natural Chemical Compounds Interact with the Same Targets of Current Pharmacotherapy for Weight Management?-A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiqi Luo ◽  
George Binh Lenon ◽  
Harsharn Gill ◽  
Heidi Yuen ◽  
Angela Wei Hong Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Pancreatic Lipase ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Melanocortin Receptor ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
European Medicines Agency ◽  
Ppar Γ

Background: Obesity has become a worldwide health concern. Pharmacotherapies are now being introduced because lifestyle modifications alone are insufficient for weight management. The treatment outcomes of current approved anti-obesity agents are not satisfying due to drug-related intolerances. And so natural therapies including herbal medicines are popular alternatives for weight reduction; however, there are limited studies about their mechanism of actions. Methods: Five databases (PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Proquest) were searched to investigate the targets and safety profiles of the current and past anti-obesity drugs that have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or the European Medicines Agency (EMA) as well as the commonly used off-label agents. The targets for weight-loss natural products and their principle bioactive components have also been searched. Only articles in English were included. Results: The targets for current anti-obesity single agents include pancreatic lipase, Glucagon Like Peptide-1(GLP-1) receptor, and serotonin 2C (5-HT2C) receptor. Potential targets such as amylin, pancreatic alpha amylase, leptin receptor, melanocortin receptor 4 receptor (MC4R), Peroxisome Proliferator- Activated Receptors gamma (PPAR γ), endocannabinoid 1 (CB1) receptor and Adenosine Monophosphate (AMP)-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) were discussed in various studies. Natural compounds have been found to interact with targets like pancreatic lipase, pancreatic alpha amylase, AMPK and PPAR γ to achieve weight reduction. Conclusion: Current pharmacotherapies and natural chemical compounds do act on same targets. Further investigations on the interactions between herbal compounds and the above targets are essential for the development of novel weight-loss therapies.

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