scholarly journals Fast 3 T nigral hyperintensity magnetic resonance imaging in Parkinson’s disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriella Hernadi ◽  
David Pinter ◽  
Szilvia Anett Nagy ◽  
Gergely Orsi ◽  
Samuel Komoly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Susceptibility Weighted Imaging ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Gradient Echo ◽  
Planar Imaging ◽  
Motion Artefacts ◽  
Yahr Stage ◽  
Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery ◽  
Echo Planar

AbstractThe absence of nigral hyperintensity is a promising MR marker for Parkinson’s disease (PD), but its small size imposes limitations on its routine use. Our aim was to compare Multi Echo Data Image Combination (MEDIC), segmented echo-planar imaging (EPISEG) and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences, as well as both magnitude (MAG) and susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) reconstructions of single-echo gradient echo for nigral hyperintensity imaging. Twenty-five healthy and twenty PD subjects were included. Sensitivity to motion artefacts, confidence of the radiologist in interpretation, rate of nondiagnostic scans and diagnostic accuracy were assessed. EPISEG was less motion-sensitive than MEDIC, MAG, and SWI, while FLAIR was less motion-sensitive than MAG and SWI. The reviewers were more confident when using EPISEG compared to any other techniques and MEDIC was superior to FLAIR. The proportions of nondiagnostic scans were lower for EPISEG than for other sequences. The best diagnostic performance was achieved for EPISEG (sensitivity = 65%, specificity = 96%). Using EPISEG, the absence of nigral hyperintensity in PD was associated with higher Hoehn-Yahr stage and MDS-UPDRS II + III. Nigral hyperintensity may be intact at the very early stages of PD. The promising properties of EPISEG may help the transfer of nigral hyperintensity imaging into daily clinical practice.

scholarly journals Juxtacortical susceptibility changes in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy at the gray–white matter junction correlates with iron-enriched macrophages

2021 ◽  
pp. 135245852199965
Author(s):  
Kedar R Mahajan ◽  
Moein Amin ◽  
Matthew Poturalski ◽  
Jonathan Lee ◽  
Danielle Herman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy ◽  
Central Nervous System Lymphoma ◽  
Susceptibility Weighted Imaging ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Gradient Echo ◽  
Total N ◽  
Mri Brain ◽  
Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Objective: Describe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) susceptibility changes in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) and identify neuropathological correlates. Methods: PML cases and matched controls with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) were retrospectively identified. MRI brain at 3 T and 7 T were reviewed. MRI-pathology correlations in fixed brain autopsy tissue were conducted in three subjects with confirmed PML. Results: With PML ( n = 26 total, n = 5 multiple sclerosis natalizumab-associated), juxtacortical changes on susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) or gradient echo (GRE) sequences were noted in 3/3 cases on 7 T MRI and 14/22 cases (63.6%) on 1.5 T or 8/22 (36.4%) 3 T MRI. Similar findings were only noted in 3/25 (12.0%) of PCNSL patients (odds ratio (OR) 12.83, 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.9–56.7, p < 0.001) on 1.5 or 3 T MRI. On susceptibility sequences available prior to diagnosis of PML, 7 (87.5%) had changes present on average 2.7 ± 1.8 months (mean ± SD) prior to diagnosis. Postmortem 7 T MRI showed SWI changes corresponded to areas of increased iron density along the gray–white matter (GM-WM) junction predominantly in macrophages. Conclusion: Susceptibility changes in PML along the GM-WM junction can precede noticeable fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) changes and correlates with iron accumulation in macrophages.

scholarly journals Substantia Nigra Radiomics Feature Extraction of Parkinson’s Disease Based on Magnitude Images of Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingguo Ren ◽  
Yihua Wang ◽  
Shanshan Leng ◽  
Xiaomin Nan ◽  
Bin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Predictive Performance ◽  
Observer Agreement ◽  
Susceptibility Weighted Imaging ◽  
Good Prediction ◽  
Training Set ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Yahr Stage

BackgroundIt is reported that radiomic features extracted from quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) had promising clinical value for the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). We aimed to explore the usefulness of radiomics features based on magnitude images to distinguish PD from non-PD controls.MethodsWe retrospectively recruited PD patients and controls who underwent brain 3.0T MR including susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI). A total of 396 radiomics features were extracted from the SN of 95 PD patients and 95 non-PD controls based on SWI. Intra-/inter-observer correlation coefficients (ICCs) were applied to measure the observer agreement for the radiomic feature extraction. Then the patients were randomly grouped into training and validation sets in a ratio of 7:3. In the training set, the maximum correlation minimum redundancy algorithm (mRMR) and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were conducted to filter and choose the optimized subset of features, and a radiomics signature was constructed. Moreover, radiomics signatures were constructed by different machine learning models. Area under the ROC curves (AUCs) were applied to evaluate the predictive performance of the models. Then correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the correlation between the optimized features and clinical factors.ResultsThe intro-observer CC ranged from 0.82 to 1.0, and the inter-observer CC ranged from 0.77 to 0.99. The LASSO logistic regression model showed good prediction efficacy in the training set [AUC = 0.82, 95% confidence interval (CI, 0.74–0.88)] and the validation set [AUC = 0.81, 95% CI (0.68–0.91)]. One radiomic feature showed a moderate negative correlation with Hoehn-Yahr stage (r = −0.49, P = 0.012).ConclusionRadiomic predictive features based on SWI magnitude images could reflect the Hoehn-Yahr stage of PD to some extent.

scholarly journals Accuracy of nigrosome-1 detection to discriminate patients with Parkinson’s disease and essential tremor

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 395-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel S Perez Akly ◽  
Carla V Stefani ◽  
Lucía Ciancaglini ◽  
José S Bestoso ◽  
Jorge A Funes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Essential Tremor ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Susceptibility Weighted Imaging ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Clinical Patient ◽  
Early Stages

Purpose The use of susceptibility weighted imaging in high field magnetic resonance imaging scanners can detect the nigrosome-1 area located in the caudo-lateral region of the pars compacta in the substantia nigra. This structure comprises a significant amount of dopaminergic neurons and degenerates in the early stages of Parkinson’s disease. Essential tremor is a neurological condition that in some cases could be confused with the early stages of Parkinson’s disease with a possible error in clinical diagnosis. Our purpose is to evaluate the accuracy of nigrosome-1 detection by high resolution magnetic resonance imaging to discriminate Parkinson’s disease from essential tremor. Methods A case–control study compared patients with a clinical diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease and essential tremor. Magnetic resonance imaging studies were performed using a 3T magnetic resonance imaging scanner. The susceptibility weighted imaging sequence was obtained in the axial plane with an isotropic voxel of 0.75 mm. Two independent neuroradiologists evaluated the images without access to clinical patient data. Results Sixteen patients were included in each group (Parkinson’s disease and essential tremor). Average age: Parkinson’s disease group: 71.3 (SD 6.3) and essential tremor group: 68.3 (SD 12.3). For the first evaluator, the nigrosome-1 area was absent in 15 patients with Parkinson’s disease and in two with essential tremor and for the second evaluator was absent in 15 patients with Parkinson’s disease and four with essential tremor. The sensitivity/specificity for the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease was 93.75%/87.5% for the first evaluator and 93.75%/75% for the second evaluator. Conclusion The detection of the nigrosome-1 area is a useful tool in the differential diagnosis between Parkinson’s disease and essential tremor, with high sensitivity and specificity.

scholarly journals Effects of iron deposition in the basal ganglia on white matter functions in early and advanced stages of Parkinson’s disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 623-629
Author(s):  
A.B. Buryak ◽  
◽  
A.G. Trufanov ◽  
S.N. Rashidova ◽  
A.Yu. Efimtsev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Iron Deposition ◽  
Susceptibility Weighted Imaging ◽  
Yahr Stage ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging Dti

Aim: to assess the effect of iron deposition in the basal ganglia on white matter functions at stages 2 and 3 of Parkinson’s disease using susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) MRI. Patients and Methods: ninety-two patients with Parkinson’s disease (42 patients with Hoehn and Yahr stage 2 and 50 patients with Hoehn and Yahr stage 3) were examined. All patients underwent MRI (Magnetom Trio A Tim 3.0T, Siemens, Germany). The parameters of the SWI pulse sequence were as follows: TR (ms): 28, TE (ms): 20, flip angle: 15, slice thickness (mm): 1, voxel size (mm): 0.71875×0.71875, number of slices: 88. In addition, DTI MRI measured fractional anisotropy of brain pathways to assess the functions and integrity of the white matter. Results: our findings demonstrate a strong association between iron deposition in the basal ganglia and brain pathway dysfunctions. These dysfunctions account for many symptoms occurring in early and late Parkinson’s disease. In addition, the study revealed correlations demonstrating the coexistence of iron deposition progression in the extrapyramidal system and the reduction in white matter fractional anisotropy. Conclusions: our findings provide novel data on the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease and allow for assessing neuroimaging patterns at various disease stages and explaining clinical phenomena occurring in Parkinson’s disease. KEYWORDS: Parkinson’s disease, iron deposition, susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). FOR CITATION: Buryak A.B., Trufanov A.G., Rashidova S.N. et al. Effects of iron deposition in the basal ganglia on white matter functions in early and advanced stages of Parkinson’s disease. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2021;5(10):623–629 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587- 6821-2021-5-10-623-629.

scholarly journals Observation of magnetic susceptibility changes within the thalamus: a comparative study between healthy and Parkinson’s disease afflicted cynomolgus monkeys using 7 T MRI

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangwoo Kim ◽  
Youngjeon Lee ◽  
Chang-Yeop Jeon ◽  
Yeung Bae Jin ◽  
Sukhoon Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Disease Model ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cynomolgus Monkeys ◽  
Positron Emission

Abstract Background Although the thalamus is known to modulate basal ganglia function related to motor control activity, the abnormal changes within the thalamus during distinct medical complications have been scarcely investigated. In order to explore the feasibility of assessing iron accumulation in the thalamus as an informative biomarker for Parkinson’s disease (PD), this study was designed to employ quantitative susceptibility mapping using a 7 T magnetic resonance imaging system in cynomolgus monkeys. A 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-injected cynomolgus monkey and a healthy control (HC) were examined by 7 T magnetic resonance imaging. Positron emission tomography with 18F-N-(3-fluoro propyl)-2ß-carboxymethoxy-3ß-(4-iodophenyl) nortropane was also employed to identify the relationship between iron deposits and dopamine depletion. All acquired values were averaged within the volume of interest of the nigrostriatal pathway. Findings Compared with the HC, the overall elevation of iron deposition within the thalamus in the Parkinson’s disease model (about 53.81% increase) was similar to that in the substantia nigra (54.81%) region. Substantial susceptibility changes were observed in the intralaminar part of the thalamus (about 70.78% increase). Additionally, we observed that in the Parkinson’s disease model, binding potential values obtained from positron emission tomography were considerably decreased in the thalamus (97.51%) and substantia nigra (92.48%). Conclusions The increased iron deposition in the thalamus showed negative correlation with dopaminergic activity in PD, supporting the idea that iron accumulation affects glutaminergic inputs and dopaminergic neurons. This investigation indicates that the remarkable susceptibility changes in the thalamus could be an initial major diagnostic biomarker for Parkinson’s disease-related motor symptoms.

Coronal Gradient Echo MRI to Visualize the Zona Incerta for Deep Brain Stimulation Targeting in Parkinson’s Disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ashesh A. Thaker ◽  
Kartik M. Reddy ◽  
John A. Thompson ◽  
Pamela David Gerecht ◽  
Mark S. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Subthalamic Nucleus ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Regions Of Interest ◽  
Zona Incerta ◽  
Gradient Echo ◽  
Noise Ratio ◽  
Deep Brain

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Deep brain stimulation of the zona incerta is effective at treating tremor and other forms of parkinsonism. However, the structure is not well visualized with standard MRI protocols making direct surgical targeting unfeasible and contributing to inconsistent clinical outcomes. In this study, we applied coronal gradient echo MRI to directly visualize the rostral zona incerta in Parkinson’s disease patients to improve targeting for deep brain stimulation. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We conducted a prospective study to optimize and evaluate an MRI sequence to visualize the rostral zona incerta in patients with Parkinson’s disease (<i>n</i> = 31) and other movement disorders (<i>n</i> = 13). We performed a contrast-to-noise ratio analysis of specific regions of interest to quantitatively assess visual discrimination of relevant deep brain structures in the optimized MRI sequence. Regions of interest were independently assessed by 2 neuroradiologists, and interrater reliability was assessed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Rostral zona incerta and subthalamic nucleus were well delineated in our 5.5-min MRI sequence, indicated by excellent interrater agreement between neuroradiologists for region-of-interest measurements (&#x3e;0.90 intraclass coefficient). Mean contrast-to-noise ratio was high for both rostral zona incerta (6.39 ± 3.37) and subthalamic nucleus (17.27 ± 5.61) relative to adjacent white matter. There was no significant difference between mean signal intensities or contrast-to-noise ratio for Parkinson’s and non-Parkinson’s patients for either structure. <b><i>Discussion/Conclusion:</i></b> Our optimized coronal gradient echo MRI sequence delineates subcortical structures relevant to traditional and novel deep brain stimulation targets, including the zona incerta, with high contrast-to-noise. Future studies will prospectively apply this sequence to surgical planning and postimplantation outcomes.

scholarly journals Prefrontal and hippocampal atrophy using 7-tesla magnetic resonance imaging in patients with Parkinson’s disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 205846012098809
Author(s):  
Byeong H Oh ◽  
Hyeong C Moon ◽  
Aryun Kim ◽  
Hyeon J Kim ◽  
Chae J Cheong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
7 Tesla ◽  
Cortical Atrophy ◽  
Automated Segmentation ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Segmentation Method ◽  
Resonance Imaging

Background The pathology of Parkinson’s disease leads to morphological changes in brain structure. Currently, the progressive changes in gray matter volume that occur with time and are specific to patients with Parkinson’s disease, compared to healthy controls, remain unclear. High-tesla magnetic resonance imaging might be useful in differentiating neurological disorders by brain cortical changes. Purpose We aimed to investigate patterns in gray matter changes in patients with Parkinson’s disease by using an automated segmentation method with 7-tesla magnetic resonance imaging. Material and Methods High-resolution T1-weighted 7 tesla magnetic resonance imaging volumes of 24 hemispheres were acquired from 12 Parkinson’s disease patients and 12 age- and sex-matched healthy controls with median ages of 64.5 (range, 41–82) years and 60.5 (range, 25–74) years, respectively. Subgroup analysis was performed according to whether axial motor symptoms were present in the Parkinson’s disease patients. Cortical volume, cortical thickness, and subcortical volume were measured using a high-resolution image processing technique based on the Desikan-Killiany-Tourville atlas and an automated segmentation method (FreeSurfer version 6.0). Results After cortical reconstruction, in 7 tesla magnetic resonance imaging volume segmental analysis, compared with the healthy controls, the Parkinson’s disease patients showed global cortical atrophy, mostly in the prefrontal area (rostral middle frontal, superior frontal, inferior parietal lobule, medial orbitofrontal, rostral anterior cingulate area), and subcortical volume atrophy in limbic/paralimbic areas (fusiform, hippocampus, amygdala). Conclusion We first demonstrated that 7 tesla magnetic resonance imaging detects structural abnormalities in Parkinson’s disease patients compared to healthy controls using an automated segmentation method. Compared with the healthy controls, the Parkinson’s disease patients showed global prefrontal cortical atrophy and hippocampal area atrophy.

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