scholarly journals Different prognostic impact of glucose uptake in visceral adipose tissue according to sex in patients with colorectal cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Hoon Lee ◽  
Soyoung Kim ◽  
Hye Sun Lee ◽  
Eun Jung Park ◽  
Seung Hyuk Baik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Fat Volume

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate whether sex differences in visceral fat volume and glucose uptake measured by positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in abdominal visceral fat can stratify overall survival (OS) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). We retrospectively enrolled 293 patients diagnosed with CRC who underwent PET/CT before surgical resection. Fluorodeoxyglucose uptake of visceral adipose tissue (VAT-SUV) and subcutaneous adiposity tissue (SAT-SUV) were measured using PET/CT. The relative VAT (rVAT) was defined as the visceral fat volume normalized to the total volume of fat (VAT plus SAT). We defined sex-specific cutoff values for VAT-SUV, SAT-SUV, and rVAT. Univariate and multivariate analyses using Cox proportional hazard regression analysis were performed to identify the independent prognostic factors. The study population comprised 181 men and 112 women. The rVAT (0.40 vs. 0.29, p < 0.001) and VAT-SUV (0.55 vs. 0.48, p = 0.007) were significantly greater in men than in women. High rVAT (than low rVAT) and high VAT-SUV (than low VAT-SUV) showed a worse prognosis in male and female patients, respectively. Multivariate analysis indicated that the combination of rVAT and VAT-SUV was an independent prognostic factor for predicting OS in both male and female patients. The combination of rVAT and VAT-SUV could differentiate the patients with the best survival outcome from the other three individual groups in female patients, but not in males. Glucose uptake and relative volume of visceral fat may provide a new risk stratification for patients with CRC, especially female patients.

Impact of visceral fat volume and fat density on biochemical outcome after radical prostatectomy and postoperative radiotherapy

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Zimmermann ◽  
Guila Delouya ◽  
Maroie Barkati ◽  
Shanie Campeau ◽  
Denis Rompotinos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Radical Prostatectomy ◽  
Seminal Vesicle ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Seminal Vesicle Involvement ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Fat Volume

AbstractTo assess the predictive value of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and adipose tissue density after both radical prostatectomy (RP) and adjuvant or salvage external beam radiotherapy (EBRT).We randomly selected 201 patients treated with RP and EBRT between 2005 and 2015. Visceral adipose tissue and subcutaneous adipose tissue volumes were manually contoured and corresponding tissue densities in Hounsfield units (HU) calculated. Time to biochemical recurrence (BCR) was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and comparisons were made using the log-rank test. Cox regression analysis was done for multivariate analysis.Median time to BCR or last follow-up was 32 months. In univariate analysis for BCR, VAT volume and fat density were both associated with a better outcome (p=0.025 and p=0.024, respectively) as well as seminal vesicle involvement (p=0.024). Body mass index (BMI) was not predictive of BCR (p=0.32). In a multivariate model including seminal vesicle involvement, both a VAT volume above the median (HR2.5, 95%CI 1.1–5.7, p=0.03) and a VAT density (HR 2.4, 95%CI 1.1–5.1, p=0.028) above the median remained predictive for a better biochemical outcome. Adjusting for BMI did not significantly change the model.In both univariate and multivariate analysis, patients with both a larger VAT volume and density had a better biochemical outcome. The interaction between prostate cancer aggressiveness and visceral fat volume and density needs to be further evaluated to provide a better understanding of this disease.

P730Decreased adiponectin levels and FDG uptake in visceral adipose tissue in familial combined hyperlipidemia compared to heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia and normolipidemics

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Koutagiar ◽  
K Toutouzas ◽  
A S Antonopoulos ◽  
I Skoumas ◽  
E K Oikonomou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Familial Hypercholesterolemia ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Familial Combined Hyperlipidemia ◽  
Fdg Uptake ◽  
Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Abstract Background Adipose tissue regulates energy balance and glucose homeostasis via the secretion of circulating molecules, termed adipokines, such as leptin and adiponectin. Excess adiposity and adipose tissue dysfunction have been involved in the pathogenesis of dyslipidemias. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with F-18-Fluorodeoxyglycose (FDG) has been used for the assessment of adiposity. Purpose To compare abdominal adipose tissue function assessed by FDG uptake with serum indices, such as plasma adipokines' levels in individuals with different subtypes of dyslipidemia and normolipidemics. Methods Seventy individuals (mean age 44±13 years, range 21–75, 43 men) with a clinical diagnosis of either heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (heFH) (n=38) or familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCH) (n=32), not under statins for at least one year, and 20 age and sex matched controls, were enrolled. Visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue metabolic activity (SAT) was assessed with FDG-PET/CT imaging and was quantified by calculating the target-to-background ratios (TBR) in consecutive axial fat images between the proximal (cephalic) end of the L1 and distal (caudal) end of the L3 vertebrae by dividing the average of the mean standard uptake value (SUV) to the mean SUV of the vena cava. Leptin and adiponectin were measured in all the subjects. Results There was no significant difference of plasma leptin values between FCH, heFH and non dyslipidemics subjects (p=0.204). FCH had reduced adiponectin values compared to heFH patients and controls [median 5.7 IQR (3.9–7.6) vs. 13.1 (9.2–23.3) vs. 10.9 (6.1–19.1) μg/mL, respectively, p<0.001]. There was no difference in FDG uptake in subcutaneous adipocytes (SATTBR) between FCH, heFH and controls (p=0.161). In contrast, patients with FCH had reduced VATTBR values compared to heFH patients and controls (0.63±0.14 versus 0.81±0.17 versus 0.86±0.28, p=0.005). This difference remained significant even after adjustment for age, sex and cardiovascular risk factors (b=-0.428, p=0.001, adjusted R2=0.219). SATTBR was inversely correlated to leptin levels (r=−0.484, p<0.001), while no significant association was observed with adiponectin values (p=0.167). No significant associations were observed between VATTBR and either serum leptin (p=0.066) or adiponectin levels (p=0.254). Conclusions Visceral adipose tissue FDG uptake is reduced in patients with FCH compared to those with heFH and normolipidemics. In addition, serum adiponectin levels are lower in patients with FCH. These findings highlight the different pathophysiological role of visceral fat function in the two most common types of familial dyslipidemia and suggest that visceral fat could be an attractive target for the treatment of FCH.

scholarly journals LMO3 reprograms visceral adipocyte metabolism during obesity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Wagner ◽  
Anna Fenzl ◽  
Josefine Lindroos-Christensen ◽  
Elisa Einwallner ◽  
Julia Husa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Tissue Expansion ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Glut4 Translocation ◽  
Mitochondrial Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Abstract Obesity and body fat distribution are important risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Evidence has accumulated that this risk is related to intrinsic differences in behavior of adipocytes in different fat depots. We recently identified LIM domain only 3 (LMO3) in human mature visceral adipocytes; however, its function in these cells is currently unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the potential involvement of LMO3-dependent pathways in the modulation of key functions of mature adipocytes during obesity. Based on a recently engineered hybrid rAAV serotype Rec2 shown to efficiently transduce both brown adipose tissue (BAT) and white adipose tissue (WAT), we delivered YFP or Lmo3 to epididymal WAT (eWAT) of C57Bl6/J mice on a high-fat diet (HFD). The effects of eWAT transduction on metabolic parameters were evaluated 10 weeks later. To further define the role of LMO3 in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, insulin signaling, adipocyte bioenergetics, as well as endocrine function, experiments were conducted in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and newly differentiated human primary mature adipocytes, engineered for transient gain or loss of LMO3 expression, respectively. AAV transduction of eWAT results in strong and stable Lmo3 expression specifically in the adipocyte fraction over a course of 10 weeks with HFD feeding. LMO3 expression in eWAT significantly improved insulin sensitivity and healthy visceral adipose tissue expansion in diet-induced obesity, paralleled by increased serum adiponectin. In vitro, LMO3 expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes increased PPARγ transcriptional activity, insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation and glucose uptake, as well as mitochondrial oxidative capacity in addition to fatty acid oxidation. Mechanistically, LMO3 induced the PPARγ coregulator Ncoa1, which was required for LMO3 to enhance glucose uptake and mitochondrial oxidative gene expression. In human mature adipocytes, LMO3 overexpression promoted, while silencing of LMO3 suppressed mitochondrial oxidative capacity. LMO3 expression in visceral adipose tissue regulates multiple genes that preserve adipose tissue functionality during obesity, such as glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, mitochondrial function, and adiponectin secretion. Together with increased PPARγ activity and Ncoa1 expression, these gene expression changes promote insulin-induced GLUT4 translocation, glucose uptake in addition to increased mitochondrial oxidative capacity, limiting HFD-induced adipose dysfunction. These data add LMO3 as a novel regulator improving visceral adipose tissue function during obesity. Key messages LMO3 increases beneficial visceral adipose tissue expansion and insulin sensitivity in vivo. LMO3 increases glucose uptake and oxidative mitochondrial activity in adipocytes. LMO3 increases nuclear coactivator 1 (Ncoa1). LMO3-enhanced glucose uptake and mitochondrial gene expression requires Ncoa1.

scholarly journals Distinct Blood and Visceral Adipose Tissue Regulatory T Cell and Innate Lymphocyte Profiles Characterize Obesity and Colorectal Cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Donninelli ◽  
Manuela Del Cornò ◽  
Marina Pierdominici ◽  
Beatrice Scazzocchio ◽  
Rosaria Varì ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Regulatory T Cell ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Abstract 5822: Atherosclerotic Plaque Inflammation Synchronize With Inflammatory Activity OF Visceral Fat

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eung Ju Kim ◽  
Hong Seog Seo ◽  
Sungeun Kim ◽  
Jin Oh Na ◽  
Jae Hyoung Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Fdg Uptake ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plaque Inflammation ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Background: Visceral adipose tissue is thought to confer increased cardiovascular risk through leukocyte infiltration and increased adipose macrophage activity. Previous positron emission tomography (PET) studies using fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) demonstrated that increased FDG uptake could reflect the severity of inflammation in atherosclerotic plaque. We hypothesized that active atherosclerotic change in the major arteries would accompany increased inflammation within visceral fat and it could be detected in humans using combined FDG PET/computed tomography (CT). Methods: We observed 44 consecutive subjects with cardiovascular disease. For all of them, an one-hour PET/CT (from brain to foot) was performed after injection of FDG (370–555 MBq). FDG uptake in the aorta or its major branches was evaluated visually and semiquantitatively. Maximal standard uptake values (SUV) of the highest regions of interest were calculated in the subcutaneous fat and visceral fat area, separately. Results: Significant FDG uptake in the arterial wall was noted in 21 patients (plaque positive; PP group), all of whom have experienced acute cardiovascular events (acute coronary syndrome or ischemic stroke) within a week. The other 23 patients (plaque negative; PN group) had chronic stable angina or asymptomatic carotid stenosis. Visceral fat SUV was significantly higher as compared to subcutaneous fat SUV (0.49± 0.15 vs. 0.15± 0.05, p< 0.001) in PP group, whereas there was no significant difference in PN group (0.18± 0.07 vs. 0.16± 0.03, p= 0.622). When we compared two groups, PP group showed higher visceral fat SUV than PN group (p< 0.001). In terms of subcutaneous fat SUV, the results were similar in two groups (p= 0.773). Conclusions: We demonstrated that atherosclerotic plaque inflammation was associated with increased inflammation within visceral fat. Our results need to be confirmed by comparison with histologic or other imaging findings. Further evaluation to determine whether metabolic activity of visceral adipose tissue is a marker or mediator of vascular inflammation is also needed.

scholarly journals Data set for renal sinus fat volume and visceral adipose tissue volume on computed tomography

Data in Brief ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1658-1664
Author(s):  
Yoko Murakami ◽  
Yukihiro Nagatani ◽  
Masashi Takahashi ◽  
Mitsuru Ikeda ◽  
Itsuko Miyazawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Renal Sinus ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Tissue Volume ◽  
Adipose Tissue Volume ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Renal Sinus Fat ◽  
Fat Volume

(-)-Epicatechin reduces adiposity in male offspring of obese rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio De los Santos ◽  
Luis Antonio Reyes-Castro ◽  
Ramón Mauricio Coral-Vázquez ◽  
Juan Pablo Méndez ◽  
Marcela Leal-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Male Offspring ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Experimental Group

AbstractObjective:To determine whether (-)-epicatechin (Epi) could decrease visceral adipose tissue and improve the metabolic profile of male offspring rats, after maternal obesity was induced by a high-fat diet (HFD).Design:Maternal obesity in albino Wistar rats was induced with a HFD, whereas male offspring were fed with chow diet throughout the study. Eight male offspring per group, from different litters, were randomly assigned to the experimental or to the control groups. In the experimental group, Epi was administered at a dose of 1 mg/kg of body weight to the male offspring twice daily for two weeks, beginning at postnatal day (PND).Main measures:Weight of visceral adipose tissue, adipocyte size, and several metabolic parameters.Results:Epi administration in the male offspring induced a significant decrease in the amount of visceral fat (11.61 g less, P < 0.05) and in the size of adipose cells (28% smaller, P < 0.01). Besides, Epi was able to decrease insulin, leptin, and Homeostasis Model Assessment -Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) (P < 0.05), as well as triglycerides, when the experimental group was compared to the untreated male offspring of obese rats (P < 0.01).Conclusions:Epi administration can reverse the negative effects that maternal obesity has on the male offspring. This could be because Epi reduces the amount of visceral fat and improves metabolic profile.

scholarly journals Sleeve gastrectomy enhances glucose utilization and remodels adipose tissue independent of weight loss

2020 ◽  
Vol 318 (5) ◽  
pp. E678-E688 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Harris ◽  
Amir Mina ◽  
Dimitrije Cabarkapa ◽  
Keyvan Heshmati ◽  
Renuka Subramaniam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Indirect Calorimetry ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) induces weight loss-independent improvements in glucose homeostasis by unknown mechanisms. We sought to identify the metabolic adaptations responsible for these improvements. Nonobese C57BL/6J mice on standard chow underwent SG or sham surgery. Functional testing and indirect calorimetry were used to capture metabolic phenotypes. Tissue-specific glucose uptake was assessed by 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (18-FDG) PET/computed tomography, and RNA sequencing was used for gene-expression analysis. In this model, SG induced durable improvements in glucose tolerance in the absence of changes in weight, body composition, or food intake. Indirect calorimetry revealed that SG increased the average respiratory exchange ratio toward 1.0, indicating a weight-independent, systemic shift to carbohydrate utilization. Following SG, orally administered 18-FDG preferentially localized to white adipose depots, showing tissue-specific increases in glucose utilization induced by surgery. Transcriptional analysis with RNA sequencing demonstrated that increased glucose uptake in the visceral adipose tissue was associated with upregulation in transcriptional pathways involved in energy metabolism, adipocyte maturation, and adaptive and innate immune cell chemotaxis and differentiation. SG induces a rapid, weight loss-independent shift toward glucose utilization and transcriptional remodeling of metabolic and immune pathways in visceral adipose tissue. Continued study of this early post-SG physiology may lead to a better understanding of the anti-diabetic mechanisms of bariatric surgery.

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