scholarly journals Bisphenol A, S or F mother’s dermal impregnation impairs offspring immune responses in a dose and sex-specific manner in mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yann Malaisé ◽  
Corinne Lencina ◽  
Christel Cartier ◽  
Maïwenn Olier ◽  
Sandrine Ménard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Perinatal Exposure ◽  
Immune Markers ◽  
Offspring Sex ◽  
Structural Analogues ◽  
Specific Manner ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

AbstractBisphenol (BP)A is an endocrine disruptor (ED) widely used in thermal papers. Regulatory restrictions have been established to prevent risks for human health, leading to BPA substitution by structural analogues, like BPS and BPF. We previously demonstrated that oral perinatal exposure to BPA had long-term consequences on immune responses later in life. It appears now essential to enhance our understanding on immune impact of different routes of BP exposure. In this study, we aimed at comparing the impact of mother dermal exposure to BPs on offspring immune system at adulthood. Gravid mice were dermally exposed to BPA, BPS or BPF at 5 or 50 μg/kg of body weight (BW)/day (d) from gestation day 15 to weaning of pups at post-natal day (PND)21. In offspring, BPs dermal impregnation of mothers led to adverse effects on immune response at intestinal and systemic levels that was dependent on the BP, the dose and offspring sex. These findings provide, for the first time, results on long-term consequences of dermal perinatal BPs exposure on immune responses in offspring. This work warns that it is mandatory to consider immune markers, dose exposure as well as sex in risk assessment associated with new BPA’s alternatives.

A Perspective On The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic in Basic Science Research and its Future implications

Coronaviruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yam Nath Paudel ◽  
Efthalia Angelopoulou ◽  
Bhupendra Raj Giri ◽  
Christina Piperi ◽  
Iekhsan Othman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basic Science ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Research Institutes ◽  
Basic Science Research ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact

: COVID-19 has emerged as a devastating pandemic of the century that the current generations have ever experienced. The COVID-19 pandemic has infected more than 12 million people around the globe and 0.5 million people have succumbed to death. Due to the lack of effective vaccines against the COVID-19, several nations throughout the globe has imposed a lock-down as a preventive measure to lower the spread of COVID-19 infection. As a result of lock-down most of the universities and research institutes has witnessed a long pause in basic science research ever. Much has been talked about the long-term impact of COVID-19 in economy, tourism, public health, small and large-scale business of several kind. However, the long-term implication of these research lab shutdown and its impact in the basic science research has not been much focused. Herein, we provide a perspective that portrays a common problem of all the basic science researchers throughout the globe and its long-term consequences.

Mandatory Reporting and Adolescent Sexual Assault

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483802110302
Author(s):  
Caroline Bailey ◽  
Jessica Shaw ◽  
Abril Harris
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mandatory Reporting ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
The Impact

Adolescents experience alarmingly high rates of sexual violence, higher than any other age-group. This is concerning as sexual violence can have detrimental effects on teens’ personal and relational well-being, causing long-term consequences for the survivor. Still, adolescents are hesitant to report the assault or seek out services and resources. When an adolescent survivor does seek out services, they may interact with a provider who is a mandatory reporter. This scoping review sought to synthesize the current U.S.-based research on the role, challenges, and impact of mandatory reporting (MR) in the context of adolescent sexual assault. Database searches using key words related to MR, sexual assault, and adolescence identified 29 peer-reviewed articles. However, none of these articles reported on empirical investigations of the phenomenon of interest and instead consisted of case studies, commentaries, and position papers. The scoping review was expanded to provide a lay of the land of what we know about the intersection of adolescent sexual assault and MR. Results of the review indicate that though implemented broadly, MR policies vary between individuals, organizations, and states and have historically been challenging to implement due to this variation, conflicts with other laws, tension between these policies and providers’ values, and other factors. Based on the available literature, the impact of MR in the context of adolescent sexual assault is unknown. There is a critical need for research and evaluation on the implementation and impact of MR policies, especially in the context of adolescents and sexual violence.

The decline and rise of class voting? From occupation to culture in Australia

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 426-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian McAllister ◽  
Toni Makkai
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Capital ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Social And Cultural Capital ◽  
Class Voting ◽  
Party Support ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Economic Assets ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

Conventional wisdom has long held that class is declining as an influence on voting. More recently, new conceptions of class, focusing on the ownership of economic assets and the possession of social and cultural capital, have challenged this view. This article evaluates these arguments in two ways. First, we examine trends in the impact of traditional measures of class on the vote in Australia from the 1960s to the present day. Second, using a 2015 national survey that measures different aspects of class voting, we assess for the first time the relative effects on the vote of occupation, assets, and social and cultural capital. The results show that while occupation has declined and is now unimportant, the ownership of both assets and cultural capital are major influences on the vote. We argue that the impact of class on the vote has not declined, but rather transformed itself in new and different ways, which has important long-term implications for party support.

scholarly journals The impact of nutrition on COVID-19 susceptibility and long-term consequences

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 53-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Butler ◽  
Ruth M. Barrientos
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals An Introduction to Nicos Hadjinicolaou's “Art Centers and Peripheral Art” (1982)

ARTMargins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-118
Author(s):  
Terry Smith
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Political Art ◽  
Book Art ◽  
Hard Edge ◽  
War Of Independence ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

Change in the history of art has many causes, but one often overlooked by art historical institutions is the complex, unequal set of relationships that subsist between art centers and peripheries. These take many forms, from powerful penetration of peripheral art by the subjects, styles and modes of the relevant center, through accommodation to this penetration to various degrees and kinds of resistance to it. Mapping these relationships should be a major task for art historians, especially those committed to tracing the reception of works of art and the dissemination of ideas about art. This lecture, delivered by Nicos Hadjinicolaou in 1982, outlines a “political art geography” approach to these challenges, and demonstrates it by exploring four settings: the commissioning of paintings commemorating key battles during the Greek War of Independence; the changes in Diego Rivera's style on his return to Mexico from Paris in the 1920s; the impact on certain Mexican artists in the 1960s of “hard edge” painting from the United States; and the differences between Socialist Realism in Moscow and in the Soviet Republics of Asia during the mid-twentieth century. The lecture is here translated into English for the first time and is introduced by Terry Smith, who relates it to its author's long-term art historical quest, as previously pursued in his book Art History and Class Struggle (1973).

scholarly journals Latent Antigen Vaccination in a Model Gammaherpesvirus Infection

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (17) ◽  
pp. 8283-8288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward J. Usherwood ◽  
Kimberley A. Ward ◽  
Marcia A. Blackman ◽  
James P. Stewart ◽  
David L. Woodland
Keyword(s):  
Latent Infection ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Murine Gammaherpesvirus ◽  
Latently Infected ◽  
Associated Proteins ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT Vaccines that can reduce the load of latent gammaherpesvirus infections are eagerly sought. One attractive strategy is vaccination against latency-associated proteins, which may increase the efficiency with which T cells recognize and eliminate latently infected cells. However, due to the lack of tractable animal model systems, the effect of latent-antigen vaccination on gammaherpesvirus latency is not known. Here we use the murine gammaherpesvirus model to investigate the impact of vaccination with the latency-associated M2 antigen. As expected, vaccination had no effect on the acute lung infection. However, there was a significant reduction in the load of latently infected cells in the initial stages of the latent infection, when M2 is expressed. These data show for the first time that latent-antigen vaccination can reduce the level of latency in vivo and suggest that vaccination strategies involving other latent antigens may ultimately be successfully used to reduce the long-term latent infection.

scholarly journals Erythropoietin Exacerbates Inflammation and Increases the Mortality ofHistoplasma capsulatum-Infected Mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisele Aparecida Locachevic ◽  
Priscilla Aparecida Tartari Pereira ◽  
Adriana Secatto ◽  
Caroline Fontanari ◽  
Alyne Fávero Galvão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Lung Inflammation ◽  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Cell Formation ◽  
Fungal Burden ◽  
Animal Survival ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

Erythropoietin (EPO) is a key hormone involved in red blood cell formation, but its effects on nonerythroid cells, such as macrophages, have not been described. Macrophages are key cells in controlling histoplasmosis, a fungal infection caused byHistoplasma capsulatum(Hc). Considering that little is known about EPO’s role during fungal infections and its capacity to activate macrophages, in this study we investigated the impact of EPO pretreatment on the alveolar immune response duringHcinfection. The consequence of EPO pretreatment on fungal infection was determined by evaluating animal survival, fungal burden, activation of bronchoalveolar macrophages, inflammatory mediator release, and lung inflammation. Pretreatment with EPO diminished mononuclear cell numbers, increased the recruitment of F4/80+/CD80+and F4/80+/CD86+cells to the bronchoalveolar space, induced higher production of IFN-γ, IL-6, MIP-1α, MCP-1, and LTB4, reduced PGE2concentration, and did not affect fungal burden. As a consequence, we observed an increase in lung inflammation with extensive tissue damage that might account for augmented mouse mortality after infection. Our results demonstrate for the first time that EPO treatment has a deleterious impact on lung immune responses during fungal infection.

scholarly journals The Grain Market between the Reigns of Alexey Mikhailovich and Catherine the Great: Was there a ‘Price Revolution’?

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Mustafin
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Grain Market ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Regions Of Russia ◽  
Grain Prices

The author of this article attempts to reveal and systematise archival data on grain prices in Russia between the 1650s and 1700s and analyse their dynamics by comparing them with data for the eighteenth century. The study is based on a wide range of archival sources from the funds of the RSAAA (RGADA), CSA of Moscow (TsGA of Moscow), DM NLR (OR RNB), and SFI CANNR (GKU TsANO). The data from these sources make it possible to construct time series describing rye and oat price dynamics in the northern and central non-black earth regions of Russia. The author substantiates the homogeneity and reliability of the data received and determines the real prices. The resulting numbers make the author doubt the “price revolution” in eighteenth-century Russia. Throughout the eighteenth century, the average real prices remained below the level of the 1660s and 1670s. Only in the 1790s did prices briefly exceed this level. Overall, the Russian grain market was characterised by long-term price fluctuations. The author aims to explain this dynamic by analysing supply and demand in the grain market. More particularly, for the first time in the historiography, the author examines the connection between Russian grain prices and yield in the second half of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. It is established that in most cases, the relationship between these indicators was direct: as grain yield increased, prices did too. The article explains this seeming paradox. The data published by the author help not only to estimate the impact of various factors on grain prices during the period in question, but also solve practical tasks regarding various price indicators in grain equivalents.

scholarly journals Digital Subscription Systems in the Face of COVID-19 Crisis: The Case of ‘El Mundo’

Tripodos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (47) ◽  
pp. 87-102
Author(s):  
Enrique Canovaca de la Fuente
Keyword(s):  
Economic Recession ◽  
Know How ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Media ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Revenue Models ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this article is to analyse the impact of COVID-19 on the income models of the Spanish general inter­est press through an in-depth analysis of the case of ‘El Mundo’. This article shows data about the decline in adver­tising, both in printed and digital for­mats, during the first quarter of 2020 and, more specifically, during March. It also reveals that the media platforms with a previously implemented sub­scription system have gained a signif­icant number of new registrations. Not only is ‘El Mundo’ an example of this trend, but also other newspapers such as ‘Eldiario.es’, ‘Ara’, ‘La Razón’ or ‘La Voz de Galicia’. The reader becomes an alternative to lessen advertising losses at a time of global transformation of the industry towards reader-revenue models. Long-term consequences of a probable economic recession once the pandemic effects are reduced are also considered in the analysis. The article also outlines some key points to ensure the viability of newspaper publishers, such as investing in journalists with relevant sources or profiles that know how to manage new digital businesses. Keywords: COVID-19, press, business, subscriptions and advertising.

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