scholarly journals Examining Neanderthal and carnivore occupations of Teixoneres Cave (Moià, Barcelona, Spain) using archaeostratigraphic and intra-site spatial analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Zilio ◽  
Heidi Hammond ◽  
Theodoros Karampaglidis ◽  
Laura Sánchez-Romero ◽  
Ruth Blasco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Reference Site ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Stratigraphic Sequence ◽  
Distribution Study ◽  
Fire Use ◽  
Gis Tools ◽  
Marine Isotope Stage 3

AbstractTeixoneres Cave (Moià, Barcelona, Spain) is a reference site for Middle Palaeolithic studies of the Iberian Peninsula. The cave preserves an extensive stratigraphic sequence made up of eight units, which is presented in depth in this work. The main goal of this study is to undertake an initial spatial examination of Unit III, formed during Marine Isotope Stage 3, with the aim of understanding spatial organization and past activities developed by Neanderthals and carnivores (bears, hyenas and smaller carnivores). The total sample analysed includes 38,244 archaeological items and 5888 limestone blocks. The application of GIS tools allows us to clearly distinguish three geologically-defined stratigraphic subunits. Unit III has been previously interpreted as a palimpsest resulting from alternating occupation of the cave by human groups and carnivores. The distribution study shows that faunal specimens, lithic artefacts, hearths and charcoal fragments are significantly concentrated at the entrance of the cave where, it is inferred, hominins carried out different activities, while carnivores preferred the sheltered zones in the inner areas of the cave. The results obtained reveal a spatial pattern characterized by fire use related zones, and show that the site was occupied by Neanderthals in a similar and consistent way throughout the ˃ 7000 years range covered by the analysed subunits. This spatial pattern is interpreted as resulting from repeated short-term human occupations.

Strategic Visibility and the Production of Day-Labor Spaces: A Case Study from the San Diego Metropolitan Area

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean M. Crotty
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Mixed Methods Research ◽  
San Diego ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
The United States ◽  
Day Labor ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Production Of Space ◽  
Spatial Practices

In cities across the United States, groups of mostly men congregate in public and semipublic spaces in hopes of being hired for short-term work. The particular spaces where laborers congregate each day are crucial to their economic and social fortunes, yet to date, there is limited research examining the spatial organization of these sites. In this article, I draw on relational perspectives on the production of space and governmentality practices to examine day-labor hiring spaces in the San Diego Metropolitan Area. Drawing on more than seven years of mixed-methods research, I argue that laborers collectively employ strategic visibility: a set of spatial practices that reduces the potential for conflict and ensures laborers’ continued access to the particular spaces on which their survival depends. This analysis suggests that laborers’ site-selection and spatial practices are driven by pragmatic, economic concerns, rather than fear of interactions with policing agencies and/or anti-immigrant residents.

Seasonal patterns of age-composition of sylvan mosquito populations in Uganda (Diptera, Culicidae)

1963 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip S. Corbet
Keyword(s):  
Virus Isolation ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Main Peak ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Age Composition ◽  
Tree Hole ◽  
Small Container ◽  
Age Grading

Fifty-two standardised weekly collections of female mosquitos were made by human catchers at ground-level in lake-side forest near Entebbe, Uganda. The numbers of nullipars and pars in each sample were recorded, in order to determine whether the capacity of these mosquito populations to transmit virus varied seasonally. Methods are described for handling large catches for the purpose of identifying and age-grading. The total sample comprised 31,978 mosquitos belonging to 37 or more species. Results for 15 species are presented in detail.The nulliparous rate (i.e., the number of nullipars as a percentage of total females) differs markedly between species, but relatively little within species. Certain species of Mansonia (Coquillettidia), mainly swamp breeders, have the highest nulliparous rate, and species of Aedes and Eretmapodites, which breed in small containers, have the lowest. In some species, biting females show a lower nulliparous rate than those caught resting.Culex annulioris Theo. and species of Mansonia, which are swamp breeders, have a main peak of abundance between May and July, during the main rains and when lake-level is highest. Species of Aedes (Stegomyia), which are tree-hole or small-container breeders, show small, irregular, short-term fluctuations in numbers.The number of pars, an epidemiologically important parameter, is absolutely highest at or soon after the time of greatest abundance. For certain bird-biting mosquitos, namely, Culex annulioris and species of Mansonia (Coquillettidia), most pars are found during the main rains, when susceptible hosts are also most numerous. Implications of these findings on virus-isolation programmes are briefly discussed.

scholarly journals PENGARUH TANGGUNG JAWAB SOSIAL PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP KINERJA PERUSAHAAN PERBANKAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Heni Swastika ◽  
Titik Aryati
Keyword(s):  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Asset Turnover ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
A Company ◽  
Positive Effect

<p class="Style1"><em>This Thesis is done in order to give empirical prove about Corporate Social </em><em>Responsibily (CSR) related to Company Financial Performance (productivity and value </em><em>of a company). In this Thesis, company's performance devided in short term </em><em>performance and long term performance. Company's short term performance is company's productivy based on Asset Turnover (ATO), while Company's long term </em><em>pe</em><em>4</em><em>formance </em><em>is company's value </em><em>based on Price to Book Value (PBV). Corporate Social Reponsibility (CSR) performance is measured with Sustainability Report Disclosure Index (SRDI). Population used in this thesis is the company that have been registered in Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) in a certain period between 2012 until 2014. Total sample for this Thesis are 31 Banking company which is chosen using purposive sampling method. The data for this thesis is analyzed using classical assumption test and hypothesis test using Doubled Linear Regression. This research proves that Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) brings positive effect related to Productivity of a Company and Value of a Company.</em></p>

scholarly journals Mălăiești. A trajanic fort in Muntenia – the results of recent magnetometric surveys

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 227-240
Author(s):  
Ovidiu Țentea ◽  
◽  
Alexandru Popa ◽  
Andrei Cîmpeanu ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Site ◽  
World War Two ◽  
World War ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Roman Army ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Full Strength ◽  
Geophysical Surveys ◽  
Visual Observations

Mălăiești Roman Fort is one of those forts abandoned by the Roman Army at the beginning of Hadrian’s reign. This reference site has only a very short term occupation between 102 and 118 AD. The research results presented here are based on the processing of the latest geophysical surveys of the site. The measurements were carried out with a 5-probe fluxgate gradiometer. The interpretation of the results was carried out in a comparative way with the research results of the last century (C. Zagoriț’ plan) and also with the results of the recent excavations. The results of the surveys contribute to a better understanding of the internal planning of the Mălăieşti fort. Mainly it is about the structure and configuration of the earthen wall along with the double defense trench system. Our results confirm a part of the visual observations made by C. Zagoriț before World War Two. Based on the dimensions of the fort (160 × 180 m) and on the number (24) and size of the barracks, it can be concluded that either a cohors milliaria peditata or an ala quingenaria, at full strength, was quartered at Mălăieşti.

scholarly journals Development of Spatial Distribution Patterns by Biofilm Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (18) ◽  
pp. 6120-6128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janus A. J. Haagensen ◽  
Susse K. Hansen ◽  
Bjarke B. Christensen ◽  
Sünje J. Pamp ◽  
Søren Molin
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Microbial Mats ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Historical Contingency ◽  
Water Stream ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Microbial Distribution

ABSTRACTConfined spatial patterns of microbial distribution are prevalent in nature, such as in microbial mats, soil communities, and water stream biofilms. The symbiotic two-species consortium ofPseudomonas putidaandAcinetobactersp. strain C6, originally isolated from a creosote-polluted aquifer, has evolved a distinct spatial organization in the laboratory that is characterized by an increased fitness and productivity. In this consortium,P. putidais reliant on microcolonies formed byAcinetobactersp. C6, to which it attaches. Here we describe the processes that lead to the microcolony pattern byAcinetobactersp. C6. Ecological spatial pattern analyses revealed that the microcolonies were not entirely randomly distributed and instead were arranged in a uniform pattern. Detailed time-lapse confocal microscopy at the single-cell level demonstrated that the spatial pattern was the result of an intriguing self-organization: small multicellular clusters moved along the surface to fuse with one another to form microcolonies. This active distribution capability was dependent on environmental factors (carbon source and oxygen) and historical contingency (formation of phenotypic variants). The findings of this study are discussed in the context of species distribution patterns observed in macroecology, and we summarize observations about the processes involved in coadaptation betweenP. putidaandAcinetobactersp. C6. Our results contribute to an understanding of spatial species distribution patterns as they are observed in nature, as well as the ecology of engineered communities that have the potential for enhanced and sustainable bioprocessing capacity.

scholarly journals 3D imaging for the quantification of spatial patterns in microbiota of the intestinal mucosa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Octavio Mondragón-Palomino ◽  
Roberta Poceviciute ◽  
Antti Lignell ◽  
Jessica A. Griffiths ◽  
Heli Takko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
3D Imaging ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Quantitative Imaging ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Host Tissue ◽  
Imaging Approach ◽  
Biogeographical Analysis

Improving our understanding of host-microbe relationships in the gut requires the ability to both visualize and quantify the spatial organization of microbial communities in their native orientation with the host tissue. We developed a systematic procedure to quantify the 3D spatial structure of the native mucosal microbiota in any part of the intestines with taxonomic and high spatial resolution. We performed a 3D biogeographical analysis of the microbiota of mouse cecal crypts at different stages of antibiotic exposure. By tracking eubacteria and four dominant bacterial taxa, we found that the colonization of crypts by native bacteria is a dynamic and spatially organized process. Ciprofloxacin treatment drastically reduced bacterial loads and eliminated Muribaculaceae (or all Bacteroidetes entirely) even 10 days after recovery when overall bacterial loads returned to pre-antibiotic levels. Our 3D quantitative imaging approach revealed that the bacterial colonization of crypts is organized in a spatial pattern that consists of clusters of adjacent colonized crypts that are surrounded by unoccupied crypts, and that this spatial pattern was resistant to the elimination of Muribaculaceae or of all Bacteroidetes by ciprofloxacin. Our approach also revealed that the composition of cecal crypt communities is diverse and that bacterial taxa are distributed differently within crypts, with Lactobacilli laying closer to the lumen than Bacteroidetes, Ruminococcaceae, and Lachnospiraceae. Finally, we found that crypts communities with similar taxonomic composition were physically closer to each other than communities that were taxonomically different.

scholarly journals Interdisciplinary Research into the Legacy of the Medieval Metropolis of Soba in a Modern Khartoum Suburb

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Drzewiecki ◽  
Maciej Kurcz ◽  
Joanna Ciesielska ◽  
Tomasz Michalik ◽  
Ewa Czyżewska-Zalewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Stratigraphic Sequence ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Archaeological Heritage ◽  
The Past ◽  
Intangible Heritage ◽  
Ground Penetrating

AbstractRecent research at Soba focuses on the tangible and intangible heritage of the medieval capital of Alwa kingdom, whose remains cover approximately 275 ha. About 222 ha of this area has been built up or transformed into agricultural land in the past 30 years. An ethnographic survey was also carried out in the built-up area to understand how the residents engage with the archaeological heritage and material remains. The undeveloped area of the capital (53 ha) was the focus of interdisciplinary archaeological fieldwork conducted in 2019 and 2020. A large-scale geophysical survey, using a fluxgate gradiometer and ground-penetrating radar, was initiated in the undeveloped area, and excavation trenches were opened to verify distinctive magnetic anomalies. Along with the ethnographic and geophysical data, the study of the pottery, burials, and stratigraphic sequence (supplemented with radiocarbon dates) provides new insights into the spatial organization of the medieval capital.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF CONCENTRATED OWNERSHIP ON BANK PROFITABILITY IN INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Amanda ◽  
◽  
Serafina Lam ◽  
Rinaningsih . ◽  
Yang Adelina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institution ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Minority Shareholders ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Bank Profitability ◽  
Concentrated Ownership ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

This paper examines the association between concentrated ownership and the profitability of banks in Indonesia during the period from 2012 to 2018 with a total sample of 93 banks or 651 observations. This study applies the Random Effect regression method, and reveals a non-significant association between concentrated ownership and bank profitability as measured by ROA and ROE. It indicates that a majority of shareholders tend to use their power to exploit minority shareholders, which can also strengthen the monitoring effect. However, the regression also indicates that there is a significant non-linear relationship between concentrated ownership and profitability when measured by ROE. There is a mixed-effect between concentrated ownership and profitability in the case of Indonesian banks. Moreover, a regression is also utilized with dummy variables of concentrated ownership (FIN and IND) to assess the difference between non-financial institution ownership and financial institution ownership. The results show no significant difference in cases. This can be caused by institutional ownership (financial institutions), which only acts as a short-term trader that emphasizes short-term profits. Therefore, its existence as a shareholder is not any different to the presence of non-financial institution ownership. The findings of this study show that the application of POJK No. 56/POJK.03/2016 regarding Share Ownership of Commercial Banks which regulates the maximum limit of concentrated ownership in banks may not work effectively in strengthening bank performance.

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