Effects of acute heat stress on protein expression and histone modification in the adrenal gland of male layer-type country chickens

AbstractThe adrenal gland responds to heat stress by epinephrine and glucocorticoid release to alleviate the adverse effects. This study investigated the effect of acute heat stress on the protein profile and histone modification in the adrenal gland of layer-type country chickens. A total of 192 roosters were subject to acute heat stress and thereafter classified into a resistant or susceptible group according to body temperature change. The iTRAQ analysis identified 80 differentially expressed proteins, in which the resistant group had a higher level of somatostatin and hydroxy-δ-5-steroid dehydrogenase but a lower parathymosin expression in accordance with the change of serum glucocorticoid levels. Histone modification analysis identified 115 histone markers. The susceptible group had a higher level of tri-methylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) and showed a positive crosstalk with K36me and K37me in the H3 tails. The differential changes of body temperature projected in physiological regulation at the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis suggest the genetic heterogeneity in basic metabolic rate and efficiency for heat dissipation to acclimate to thermal stress and maintain body temperature homeostasis. The alteration of adrenal H3K27me3 level was associated with the endocrine function of adrenal gland and may contribute to the thermotolerance of chickens.

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Effect of Acute Heat Stress on Protein Expression and Histone Modification in The Adrenal Gland of Male Layer-Type Country Chickens

10.21203/rs.3.rs-112324/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hao-Teng Zheng ◽

Zi-Xuan Zhuang ◽

Chao-Jung Chen ◽

Hsin-Yi Liao ◽

Hung-Lin Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Body Temperature ◽

Adrenal Gland ◽

Protein Expression ◽

Histone Modification ◽

Endocrine Function ◽

Prostaglandin E ◽

Acute Heat Stress ◽

Resistant Group ◽

Susceptible Group

Abstract The adrenal gland responds to heat stress by epinephrine and glucocorticoid release to alleviate the adverse effects. This study investigated the effect of acute heat stress on the protein profile and histone modification in the adrenal gland of layer-type country chickens. A total of 192 30-week-old roosters were subject to acute heat stress. A resistant group and a susceptible group were identified according to body temperature change after heat stress. Adrenal glands were collected for global protein expression and histone modification analysis. The results indicated that fatty acid amide hydrolase and parathymosin were downregulated, whereas somatostatin, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, hydroxy-δ-5-steroid dehydrogenase, 3 beta- and steroid δ-isomerase 1, and prostaglandin E synthase 3 were upregulated in the resistant group. Histone modification analysis identified 115 histone markers. The tri-methylation state of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) was significantly more abundant in the susceptible group and showed positive crosstalk with K36me and K37me in the H3 tails. Roosters in the heat-resistant group exhibited lower hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis activity but higher reactivity to maintain body temperature homeostasis. Alteration of adrenal H3K27me3 level was associated with the endocrine function of adrenal H3K27me3 and may have contributed to the thermotolerance of chickens.

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Core body temperature does not cool down with skin surface temperature during recovery at room temperature after acute heat stress exposure

Livestock Science ◽

10.1016/j.livsci.2016.07.010 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 191 ◽

pp. 143-147 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

A. Sapkota ◽

A. Herr ◽

J.S. Johnson ◽

D.C. Lay

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Body Temperature ◽

Surface Temperature ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Core Body Temperature ◽

Skin Surface ◽

Skin Surface Temperature ◽

Stress Exposure ◽

Acute Heat Stress ◽

Core Body

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Effect of fasting and acute heat stress on body temperature, blood acid-base and electrolyte status in chickens

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A Physiology ◽

10.1016/0300-9629(89)90617-8 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 94 (4) ◽

pp. 683-687 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

A Ait-Boulahsen ◽

J.D Garlich ◽

F.W Edens

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Body Temperature ◽

Acid Base ◽

Acute Heat Stress

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Proteomic Study of Hypothalamus in Pigs Exposed to Heat Stress

10.21203/rs.2.17191/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Tianyue Yu ◽

Yan-Hong Yong ◽

Jun-yu Li ◽

Biao Fang ◽

Can-ying Hu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Regulatory Networks ◽

Protein Profile ◽

Absolute Quantification ◽

Farm Animals ◽

Itraq Analysis ◽

Canonical Pathways ◽

Brain Proteome ◽

Isobaric Tags ◽

The Brain

Abstract Background: With evidence of warming climates, it is important to understand the effects of heat stress in farm animals in order to minimize production losses. Study of changes in the brain proteome induced by heat stress may aid in understanding how heat stress impacts brain function. The hypothalamus is a key region in the brain that controls the pituitary gland, which is responsible for the secretion of several important hormones. Result: In this study, we examined the hypothalamic protein profile of ten pigs (30–40 kg body weight), 5 of which were subjected to heat stress (35 ± 1°C; relative humidity = 90%) and 5 acting as controls (28 ± 3°C; RH = 90%). The isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) analysis of the hypothalamus identified 1710 peptides corresponding to 360 proteins, and 295 deferentially expressed proteins (DEPs), 148 of which were up-regulated and 147 down-regulated in heat-stressed animals. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software predicted 30 canonical pathways, 4 functional groups, and 4 regulatory networks of interest and the DEPs mainly concentrated in the cytoskeleton of the pig hypothalamus during heat stress. Conclusions: The upstream regulators of these 295 DEPs in the hypothalamus of the pig under HS are mainly transcriptional regulators, chemical drugs, and sRNA. This study provides reference data for further study of the mechanism of HS on hypothalamic physiology and metabolism(Illustration 1).

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Contribution of gular flutter to evaporative cooling in Japanese quail

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1976.40.4.521 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 521-524 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

W. W. Weathers ◽

D. C. Schoenbaechler

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Consumption ◽

Heat Stress ◽

Body Temperature ◽

Japanese Quail ◽

Water Loss ◽

Evaporative Water ◽

Coturnix Coturnix ◽

Air Temperatures ◽

Acute Heat Stress ◽

Cooling Mechanism

Oxygen consumption, body temperature (Tb), and evaporative water loss (mwe) were determined in intact Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix), and in quail in which the hyoid musculature responsible for gular flutter had been surgically transected several days prior to study. Abolishing gular flutter reduced total mwe by an average of 20% at air temperatures (Ta) above 40 degrees C. Treated birds developed a significantly greater degree of hyperthermia during acute heat stress than the controls and, unlike the controls, were unable to maintain Tb less than Ta above 40 degrees C. These data demonstrate that gular flutter represents a significant cooling mechanism in heat-stressed quail.

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Cold-induced inhibition of thermal panting in shorn sheep. 2. Effect of previous acclimatization to cold

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100030233 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 9-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. Slee

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Heat Stress ◽

Body Temperature ◽

Heat Production ◽

Cold Exposure ◽

Heat Dissipation ◽

Heat Storage ◽

Metabolic Rates ◽

Respiratory Centre ◽

Reduction Effect

SUMMARY1. Short cold exposures (2 hr at 18° or 8°C) were used to delay or block panting during subsequent heat stress in shorn Merino and Scottish Blackface sheep. The effect of previous acclimatization to cold upon the block to thermal panting was studied.2. After acclimatization the block was reduced, but less in Merinos than in Blackfaces. In Blackfaces, the reduction effect was inconsistent after short periods of acclimatization, but became significant after prolonged (3 weeks) acclimatization.3. Acclimatization produced elevations in heart rate and body temperature implying increased heat production. Variation in block reduction between breeds and between individuals was related to these presumed changes in heat production. Sheep with highly elevated metabolic rates showed complete block prevention. 4. After cold exposure ceased, elevated heat production disappeared within 8 days and the block returned.5. It was concluded that elevated heat production resulting from acclimatization caused block prevention partly because increased heat storage cancelled the heat debt otherwise incurred during blocking treatment and partly because the increased requirement for heat dissipation overruled the respiratory centre block.

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211 Young Scholar Presentation: Developing and validating a heat stress model in dairy cows

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skz122.214 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 121-121 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohmmad Al-Qaisi ◽

Erin A Horst ◽

Sara Kvidera ◽

Edith J Mayorga ◽

Megan A Abeyta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Body Temperature ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Heat Dissipation ◽

Milk Composition ◽

Mitigation Strategies ◽

Energetic Compounds ◽

Production Parameters ◽

Discovery Research ◽

Temperature Indices

Abstract Heat stress (HS) negatively impacts production parameters, including milk yield and composition, growth and reproduction. Precisely studying HS typically requires expensive climate-controlled facilities, resources often inaccessible to most scientists. Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy of using an electric heat blanket (EHB) as an alternative and cost-effective method to study HS and determine whether EHB-induced hyperthermia affects physiological and production parameters similar to natural HS. This was the first proof of concept study examining this model. Results indicated increased body temperature indices (i.e., rectal temperature and respiration rate) and reduced DMI and milk yield, as well as altered milk composition similar to natural and climate-controlled HS studies. In experiment 2, we examined the EHB model in combination with a pair-feeding (PF) design. By employing the PF design, we clearly illustrated that a lowered nutritional plane explains only approximately 50% of the decreased milk yield in HS cows, with the remaining portion due to changes in post-absorptive changes in nutritional physiology. In addition, the EHB blunted adipose tissue mobilization and increased plasma biomarkers of muscle catabolism. Results from this study validated that the EHB is a valid model to study HS; therefore, experiment 3 was designed to assess nutritional HS mitigation strategies using the EHB model. Dietary electrolyte, osmolyte, and energetic compounds (EOEC) were evaluated as re-hydration therapy on body temperature indices in HS lactating Holstein cows. Skin temperature was increased in EOEC-supplemented cows relative to controls which suggests that EOEC increased heat dissipation. In addition, EOEC-supplemented cows had increased glucose and insulin levels compared with controls which is due to the energetic compounds (i.e., dextrose) present in the EOEC supplement. Collectively, employing EHB model provides an excellent new platform for discovery research and evaluating pragmatic HS mitigation strategies.

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