scholarly journals Optimized preoperative determination of nerve of origin in patients with vestibular schwannoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Torsten Rahne ◽  
Stefan K. Plontke ◽  
Laura Fröhlich ◽  
Christian Strauss

AbstractIn vestibular schwannoma (VS) patients hearing outcome and surgery related risks can vary and depend on the nerve of origin. Preoperative origin differentiation between inferior or superior vestibular nerve may influence the decision on treatment, and the selection of optimal treatment and counselling modalities. A novel scoring system based on functional tests was designed to predict the nerve of origin for VS and was applied to a large number of consecutive patients. A prospective, double blind, cohort study including 93 patients with suspected unilateral VS was conducted at a tertiary referral centre. Preoperatively before tumor resection a functional test battery [video head-impulse test (vHIT) of all semicircular canals (SCC)], air-conducted cervical/ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential tests (cVEMP, oVEMP), pure-tone audiometry, and speech discrimination was applied. Sensitivity and specificity of prediction of intraoperative finding by a preoperative score based on vHIT gain, cVEMP and oVEMP amplitudes and asymmetry ratios was calculated. For the prediction of inferior vestibular nerve origin, sensitivity was 73% and specificity was 80%. For the prediction of superior vestibular nerve origin, sensitivity was 60% and specificity was 90%. Based on the trade-off between sensitivity and specificity, optimized cut-off values of − 0.32 for cVEMP and − 0.11 for oVEMP asymmetry ratios and vHIT gain thresholds of 0.77 (anterior SCC), 0.84 (lateral SCC) and 0.80 (posterior SCC) were identified by receiver operator characteristic curves. The scoring system based on preoperative functional tests improves prediction of nerve of origin and can be applied in clinical routine.

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2677
Author(s):  
Gi-Sung Nam ◽  
Seong-Hoon Bae ◽  
Hye-Jeen Kim ◽  
Ji-Woong Cho ◽  
In-Seok Moon

Vestibular schwannoma (VS) originates from Schwann cells in the superior or inferior vestibular nerve. Identifying the precise origin will help in determining the optimal surgical approach. We retrospectively analyzed the preoperative vestibular function test according to VS origin to determine whether the test is a valuable indicator of tumor origin. Forty-seven patients with VS (male:female = 18:29, mean age: 54.06 ± 13.50 years) underwent the cochleovestibular function test (pure-tone audiometry, caloric test, video head impulse test (vHIT), cervical and ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential, and posturography). All patients then underwent surgical removal of VS, and the schwannoma origin was confirmed. The tumor originated from the superior vestibular nerve (SVN group) in 21 patients, the inferior vestibular nerve (IVN group) in 26 patients, and an undetermined site in eight patients. The only value that differed significantly among the groups was the gain of the vestibular-ocular reflex (VOR) in the ipsilesional posterior canal (iPC) during the vHIT. Our results indicate that VOR gain in the iPC may be used to predict the nerve origin in patients with VS. Other cochleovestibular function tests have limited value to discriminate nerve origins, especially in cases of medium to large VS.


2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Constanzo ◽  
Patricia Sens ◽  
Bernardo Corrêa de Almeida Teixeira ◽  
Ricardo Ramina

AbstractBACKGROUNDIdentification of the nerve of origin in vestibular schwannoma (VS) is an important prognostic factor for hearing preservation surgery. Thus far, vestibular functional tests and magnetic resonance imaging have not yielded reliable results to preoperatively evaluate this information. The development of the video head impulse test (vHIT) has allowed a precise evaluation of each semicircular canal, and its localizing value has been tested for some peripheral vestibular diseases, but not for VS.OBJECTIVETo correlate patterns of semicircular canal alteration on vHIT to intraoperative identification of the nerve of origin of VSs.METHODSA total 31 patients with sporadic VSs were preoperatively evaluated with vHIT (gain of vestibule-ocular reflex, overt and covert saccades on each semicircular canal) and then the nerve of origin was surgically identified during surgical resection via retrosigmoid approach. vHIT results were classified as normal, isolated superior vestibular nerve (SVN) pattern, isolated inferior vestibular nerve (IVN) pattern, predominant SVN pattern, and predominant IVN pattern. Hannover classification, cystic component, and distance between the tumor and the end of the internal auditory canal were also considered for analysis.RESULTSThree patients had a normal vHIT, 12 had an isolated SVN pattern, 5 had an isolated IVN pattern, 7 had a predominant SVN pattern, and 4 had a predominant IVN pattern. vHIT was able to correctly identify the nerve of origin in 89.7% of cases (100% of altered exams).CONCLUSIONThe pattern of semicircular canal dysfunction on vHIT has a localizing value to identify the nerve of origin in VSs.


2018 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keishi Fujiwara ◽  
Hiroko Yanagi ◽  
Shinya Morita ◽  
Kimiko Hoshino ◽  
Atsushi Fukuda ◽  
...  

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate vertical semicircular canal function in patients with vestibular schwannoma (VS) by video head impulse test (vHIT). Methods: Fifteen patients with VS who had not received any treatment, including surgery or stereotactic radiotherapy, before vHIT examination were enrolled. Vestibulo-ocular reflex gain and catch-up saccade in vHIT were evaluated. Results: Dysfunction of anterior and posterior semicircular canals was detected by vHIT in 26.7% and 60.0%, respectively. Six patients (40.0%) demonstrated abnormalities referable to both vestibular nerve divisions. Abnormalities referable to the superior vestibular nerve were identified in 3 patients (20.0%), while 3 patients (20.0%) demonstrated a pattern indicative of inferior vestibular nerve involvement. Anterior semicircular canal vHIT produced fewer abnormalities than did either horizontal or posterior semicircular canal vHIT. Conclusions: Dysfunction of the semicircular canals, including the vertical canals, in patients with VS was detected by vHIT. The anterior semicircular canal was less frequently involved than the horizontal or posterior semicircular canal. The examination of the vertical canals by vHIT is useful in the evaluation of vestibular function in patients with VS.


2020 ◽  
pp. 014556132094948
Author(s):  
Roland Hülse ◽  
Boris A. Stuck ◽  
Karl Hörmann ◽  
Nicole Rotter ◽  
Julia Nguyen ◽  
...  

Introduction: While the cochleotoxicity of cisplatin has been well investigated, less is known about the effects of platinum-based chemotherapy on the vestibular system. In particular, there is a lack of prospective studies using modern laboratory vestibular testing that examine the effects of cisplatin on the semicircular canals and on the otolith organs. The aim of the present study was, therefore, to investigate the vestibulotoxic effect of cisplatin in patients with head and neck tumors who are undergoing chemoradiation. Methods: Forty-five patients undergoing cisplatin-based chemoradiation for head and neck cancer received a vestibular assessment consisting of anamnesis, a horizontal video head impulse test (vHIT), ocular and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential testing, as well as pure tone audiometry. This assessment was performed before therapy, 6 weeks after therapy, and 3 months after therapy. Results: Video head impulse test showed a significantly reduced median gain 6 weeks after chemoradiation. In addition, significantly more refixational saccades could be detected after therapy. Vestibular evoked myogenic potential testing results also revealed significant changes, whereas pure tone audiometry did not. None of the patients mentioned “dizziness” during the follow-up examinations. Conclusion: We demonstrated a vestibulotoxic effect of cisplatin-based chemoradiation in patients with head and neck cancer. Future studies are needed to better understand cisplatin-induced vestibulotoxicity and to identify possible vestibuloprotective substances. Still, before and after chemoradiation, patients should undergo not only auditory testing but also vestibular testing in order to detect potential vestibular loss as soon as possible and to quickly initiate vestibular physiotherapy.


Author(s):  
Felipe Constanzo ◽  
Bernardo Corrêa de Almeida Teixeira ◽  
Patricia Sens ◽  
Dante Escuissato ◽  
Ricardo Ramina

Abstract Objectives The aim of this article was to evaluate the relationship between signal intensity of the labyrinth and vestibulocochlear function and morphologic features of vestibular schwannoma (VS). Design Cross-sectional Study. Setting Tertiary referral center. Participants Fifty-four patients with sporadic, untreated VS. Main Outcome Measure Signal intensity of the cochlea and vestibule (SIRc and SIRv: signal intensity of cochlea/vestibule compared with cerebellar signal intensity; AURc and AURv: SIRc/SIRv of the affected side compared with the unaffected side) in 1.5T T2-weighted images was correlated with size (Hannover classification), cystic status, distance from the fundus of the internal auditory canal, video head impulse test (vHIT), and audiometry. Results Signal intensity of the vestibule was higher than that of the cochlea (p < 0.01). Large tumors had lower SIRc than smaller tumors (p = 0.03); Hannover T1 tumors had higher SIRc (p < 0.01), SIRv (p < 0.01), AURc (p < 0.01) and AURv (p < 0.01) than the rest; heterogenous and cystic tumors had higher SIRv than solid large tumors (p = 0.02); superior vestibular nerve pattern on vHIT had higher SIRv and AURv than inferior vestibular nerve and mixed patterns (p = 0.03 and 0.004, respectively); and there was a weak correlation between AURv and speech discrimination (r = 0.33, p = 0.04). Conclusion A more abnormal signal intensity of the labyrinth is associated with larger size and solid status of VS. There was a positive relationship between signal intensity of the labyrinth and speech discrimination scores on audiogram.


2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 393-399
Author(s):  
Yahav Oron ◽  
Ophir Handzel ◽  
Zohar Habot-Wilner ◽  
Keren Regev ◽  
Arnon Karni ◽  
...  

BACKGROUND: Susac syndrome (retino-cochleo-cerebral vasculopathy, SuS) is an autoimmune endotheliopathy characterized by the clinical triad of encephalopathy, branch retinal artery occlusions and sensorineural hearing loss. In contrast to data regarding auditory function, data measuring vestibular function is sparse and the cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMPs). OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the video head impulse test (vHIT) can serve as a confirmatory assessment of vestibulocochlear dysfunction in cases of suspected SuS. METHODS: Seven patients diagnosed with SuS underwent pure tone audiometry, a word recognition test, cVEMPs and the vHIT. RESULTS: Five patients were diagnosed with definite SuS, and two with probable SuS. Two patients were asymptomatic for hearing loss or tinnitus, and no sensorineural hearing loss was detected by audiograms. Four patients complained of tinnitus, and three patients reported experiencing vertigo. Three patients had abnormal cVEMPs results. All seven patients’ vHIT results were normal, except for patient #2, who was one of the three who complained of vertigo. The calculated gain of her left anterior semicircular canal was 0.5, without saccades. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to describe the results of the vHIT and cVEMPs among a group of patients with SuS. The results suggest that the vHIT should not be the only exam used to assess the function of the vestibular system of SuS patients.


2010 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 941-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
April R. Wiechmann ◽  
James R. Hall ◽  
Sid O'bryant

The purpose of this study was to explore the sensitivity and specificity of the Clock Drawing Test by using a widely employed four-point scoring system to discriminate between patients with Alzheimer's disease or vascular dementia. Receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated that the Clock Drawing Test was able to distinguish between normal elders and those with a dementia diagnosis. The cutoff score for differentiating patients with Alzheimer's disease from normal participants was = 3. The cutoff score for differentiating those with vascular disease from normal participants was = 3. Overall, the four-point scoring system demonstrated good sensitivity and specificity for identifying cognitive dysfunction associated with dementia; however, the current findings do not support the utility of the four-point scoring system in discriminating Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.


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