scholarly journals Local and systemic inflammation after implantation of a novel iron based porous degradable bone replacement material in sheep model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Wegener ◽  
Maik Behnke ◽  
Stefan Milz ◽  
Volkmar Jansson ◽  
Christian Redlich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Bone Substitutes ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Porous Iron ◽  
Sheep Model ◽  
Bone Replacement ◽  
Alloy Particles ◽  
Iron Based

AbstractDespite the high potential of healthy bone to regenerate, the reconstruction of large bone defects remains a challenge. Due to the lack of mechanical stability of existing bone substitutes, recently developed degradable metallic alloys are an interesting alternative providing higher load-bearing capabilities. Degradable iron-based alloys therefore might be an attractive innovation. To test the suitability of a newly-designed iron-based alloy for such applications, an animal experiment was performed. Porous iron-based degradable implants with two different densities and a control group were tested. The implants were positioned in the proximal tibia of Merino sheep. Over a period of 6 and 12 months, blood and histological parameters were monitored for signs of inflammation and degradation. In the histological evaluation of the implants` environment we found degraded alloy particles, but no inflammatory reaction. Iron particles were also found within the popliteal lymph nodes on both sides. The serum blood levels of phosphorus, iron and ferritin in the long term groups were elevated. Other parameters did not show any changes. Iron-based degradable porous bone replacement implants showed a good biocompatibility in this experiment. For a clinical application, however, the rate of degradation would have to be significantly increased. Biocompatibility would then have to be re-evaluated.

scholarly journals Local and Systemic Inflammation After Implantation of a Novel Iron Based Porous Degradable Bone Replacement Material in Sheep Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Wegener ◽  
Maik Behnke ◽  
Stefan Milz ◽  
Volkmar Jansson ◽  
Christian Redlich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Bone Substitutes ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Porous Iron ◽  
Sheep Model ◽  
Bone Replacement Material ◽  
Bone Replacement ◽  
Iron Based

Abstract Despite a high regenerative potential of healthy bone, replacement of large bone defects is an currently ongoing medical challenge. Due to a lack of mechanical stability of existing bone substitutes, recently developed degradable metallic alloys are an interesting alternative providing higher load bearing properties. Degradable iron-based alloys are an attractive innovation. Therefore, a degradable iron-based bone replacement material has been developed.To test the suitability of a newly designed iron-based alloy, an animal experiment was performed. Porous iron-based degradable implants with two different densities and a control group were tested. The implants were positioned in the proximal tibia. Over a period of 6 and 12 months, blood and histological parameters were monitored for signs of inflammation and degradation. Even if degradation at the desired rate was not achieved, in the histological evaluation of the implants` environment we found degraded particles, but no inflammatory reaction. Iron particles were also found within the popliteal lymph nodes on both sides. The serum blood levels of phosphorus, iron and ferritin in the long term groups were elevated. Other parameters did not show any changes.Iron-based degradable porous bone replacement implants showed a good biocompatibility in this experiment. For a clinical application, however, the rate of degradation would have to be significantly increased. Biocompatibility would then have to be re-evaluated.

scholarly journals Development of a novel biodegradable porous iron-based implant for bone replacement

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Wegener ◽  
Anton Sichler ◽  
Stefan Milz ◽  
Christoph Sprecher ◽  
Korbinian Pieper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Iron ◽  
Bone Replacement ◽  
Iron Based

Motor Recovery after Chronic Spinal Cord Transection in Rats: A Proof-of-Concept Study Evaluating a Combined Strategy

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Ibarra ◽  
Erika Mendieta-Arbesú ◽  
Paola Suarez-Meade ◽  
Elisa García-Vences ◽  
Susana Martiñón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Motor Recovery ◽  
Neural Regeneration ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Concept Study

Background: The chronic phase of Spinal Cord (SC) injury is characterized by the presence of a hostile microenvironment that causes low activity and a progressive decline in neurological function; this phase is non-compatible with regeneration. Several treatment strategies have been investigated in chronic SC injury with no satisfactory results. OBJECTIVE- In this proof-of-concept study, we designed a combination therapy (Comb Tx) consisting of surgical glial scar removal plus scar inhibition, accompanied with implantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), and immunization with neural-derived peptides (INDP). Methods: This study was divided into three subsets, all in which Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to a complete SC transection. Sixty days after injury, animals were randomly allocated into two groups for therapeutic intervention: control group and animals receiving the Comb-Tx. Sixty-three days after treatment we carried out experiments analyzing motor recovery, presence of somatosensory evoked potentials, neural regeneration-related genes, and histological evaluation of serotoninergic fibers. Results: Comb-Tx induced a significant locomotor and electrophysiological recovery. An increase in the expression of regeneration-associated genes and the percentage of 5-HT+ fibers was noted at the caudal stump of the SC of animals receiving the Comb-Tx. There was a significant correlation of locomotor recovery with positive electrophysiological activity, expression of GAP43, and percentage of 5-HT+ fibers. Conclusion: Comb-Tx promotes motor and electrophysiological recovery in the chronic phase of SC injury subsequent to a complete transection. Likewise, it is capable of inducing the permissive microenvironment to promote axonal regeneration.

scholarly journals A bone replacement-type calcium phosphate cement that becomes more porous in vivo by incorporating a degradable polymer

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiyoshi Shimatani ◽  
Hiromitsu Toyoda ◽  
Kumi Orita ◽  
Yuta Ibara ◽  
Yoshiyuki Yokogawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Alginic Acid ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Zealand White Rabbit ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Degradable Polymer ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Bone Replacement

AbstractThis study investigated whether mixing low viscosity alginic acid with calcium phosphate cement (CPC) causes interconnected porosity in the CPC and enhances bone replacement by improving the biological interactions. Furthermore, we hypothesized that low viscosity alginic acid would shorten the setting time of CPC and improve its strength. CPC samples were prepared with 0, 5, 10, and 20% low viscosity alginic acid. After immersion in acetate buffer, possible porosification in CPC was monitored in vitro using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the setting times and compressive strengths were measured. In vivo study was conducted by placing CPC in a hole created on the femur of New Zealand white rabbit. Microcomputed tomography and histological examination were performed 6 weeks after implantation. SEM images confirmed that alginic acid enhanced the porosity of CPC compared to the control, and the setting time and compressive strength also improved. When incorporating a maximum amount of alginic acid, the new bone mass was significantly higher than the control group (P = 0.0153). These biological responses are promising for the translation of these biomaterials and their commercialization for clinic applications.

scholarly journals Flaxseed, olive and fish oil influence plasmatic lipids, lymphocyte migration and morphometry of the intestinal of Wistar rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damiana Diniz Rosa ◽  
Regiane Lopes de Sales ◽  
Luis Fernando de Sousa Moraes ◽  
Fabíola Cesário Lourenço ◽  
Clóvis Andrade Neves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Soy Oil ◽  
Lymphocyte Migration

PURPOSE: Evaluate the effect of flaxseed, olive and fish oil on the lipid profile, preservation of villosities and lymphocyte migration in the intestinal mucosa of Wistar rats. METHODS: Thirty Wistar male rats were divided into four groups, which received the AIN-93M diet, with changes only to their lipid source: flaxseed, olive, fish, and soy oil (control group). The serum was separated for the biochemical parameter analysis. A histological evaluation was performed in the ileal portion. RESULTS: The group which was fed fish oil presented lower values when compared to the other treatments for Total Cholesterol, High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Triacylglycerol (p<0.05). The animals treated with fish and olive oils presented better intestinal villosities preservation. Less deposition of lymphocytes was observed in the flaxseed group (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that flaxseed, olive and fish oils present different responses than soy oil for the intestinal mucosa preservation and lymphocyte proliferation in Wistar rats.

Increased S100B Levels in Cannabis Use Disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 177-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huseyin Bayazit ◽  
Erdinc Cicek ◽  
Salih Selek ◽  
Nurten Aksoy ◽  
I. Fatih Karababa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Binding ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
S100b Protein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Cannabis Use Disorder ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
S100 Calcium Binding Protein ◽  
The Mean

Background: It has been determined that cannabis has adverse effects on brain tissue, and that increased S100 calcium binding protein B (S100B) blood levels are markers of neuronal damage. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the S100B levels in cannabis use disorder. Method: Thirty-two patients with cannabis use disorder and 31 matched healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Appropriate blood samples were taken from the enrolled subjects, and the serum S100B protein levels were measured with an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay for the quantification of the protein. Findings: We found significantly increased S100B protein levels in patients with cannabis use disorder. The mean serum concentration of S100B was 0.081 ± 0.018 μg/l in patients with cannabis use disorder, and 0.069 ± 0.018 μg/l in the control group (p = 0.008). Interpretation: Our data suggest that elevated S100B protein levels might indicate neuronal damage in the brains of people with cannabis use disorder.

scholarly journals Kidney Protection by Hypothermic Total Liquid Ventilation after Cardiac Arrest in Rabbits

2014 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 861-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renaud Tissier ◽  
Sebastien Giraud ◽  
Nathalie Quellard ◽  
Béatrice Fernandez ◽  
Fanny Lidouren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Liquid Ventilation ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽  
Group 2

Abstract Background: Total liquid ventilation (TLV) with perfluorocarbons has been shown to induce rapid protective cooling in animal models of myocardial ischemia and cardiac arrest, with improved neurological and cardiovascular outcomes after resuscitation. In this study, the authors hypothesized that hypothermic TLV can also limit kidney injury after cardiac arrest. Methods: Anesthetized rabbits were submitted to 15 min of untreated ventricular fibrillation. After resuscitation, three groups of eight rabbits each were studied such as (1) life support plus hypothermia (32°–33°C) induced by cold TLV (TLV group), (2) life support without hypothermia (control group), and (3) Sham group (no cardiac arrest). Life support was continued for 6 h before euthanasia and kidney removal. Results: Time to target esophageal temperature was less than 5 min in the TLV group. Hypothermia was accompanied by preserved renal function in the TLV group as compared with control group regarding numerous markers including creatinine blood levels (12 ± 1 vs. 16 ± 2 mg/l, respectively; mean ± SEM), urinary N-acetyl-β-(d)-glucosaminidase (1.70 ± 0.11 vs. 3.07 ± 0.10 U/mol of creatinine), γ-glutamyltransferase (8.36 ± 0.29 vs. 12.96 ± 0.44 U/mol of creatinine), or β2-microglobulin (0.44 ± 0.01 vs. 1.12 ± 0.04 U/mol of creatinine). Kidney lesions evaluated by electron microscopy and conventional histology were also attenuated in TLV versus control groups. The renal-protective effect of TLV was not related to differences in delayed inflammatory or immune renal responses because transcriptions of, for example, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, toll-like receptor-2, toll-like receptor-4, and vascular endothelial growth factor were similarly altered in TLV and control versus Sham. Conclusion: Ultrafast cooling with TLV is renal protective after cardiac arrest and resuscitation, which could increase kidney availability for organ donation.

Effect of Mechanical Stress on Rheumatoid Arthritis of the Temporomandibular Joint: a Morphological and Histological Evaluation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kohei Nagai ◽  
Takenobu Ishii ◽  
Yasushi Nishii
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Mechanical Stress ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Mandibular Condyle ◽  
Γδ T Cells ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Condylar Cartilage ◽  
Layer Width

Abstract Background Rheumatoid arthritis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ-RA) has been reported to have a larger incidence range than systemic rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The presence or absence of mechanical stress (MS) is considered a factor in this. In this study, we hypothesized that TMJ-RA develops or worsens when excessive MS is applied to the temporomandibular joint of RA mouse models. We aimed to clarify the relationship between TMJ-RA and MS through morphological and histological evaluation. Methods Collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) was induced in male DBA/1JNCrlj 9–12 weeks old mice by administering Type II collagen antibody and lipopolysaccharide to produce RA model mice. MS was applied to the mandibular condyle. The group was separated into non-RA (control group (N = 5) and MS group (N = 5)), and RA group (CAIA group (N = 5)and CAIA MS group (N = 5)). To confirm the morphological changes in the mandibular condyle, micro-CT imaging was performed. Histological evaluation of the TMJ was performed by hematoxylin and eosin staining for condylar cartilage cell layer thickness, Safranin O staining for proteoglycans, and tartrate-resistant acidic phosphatase staining for osteoclast count. Immunohistochemical evaluation was performed to assess the localization of cartilage destruction enzymes using ADAMTS-5 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs) antibody. Additionally, CD3 (cluster of differentiation), CD45, and γδ TCR (T cell receptor) antibodies were used to localize and identify the type of lymphocytes. Results In the CAIA MS model, a three-dimensional analysis of the temporomandibular joint by microcomputer tomography showed a crude change in the surface of the mandibular condyle. Histological examination revealed a decrease in the chondrocyte layer width and an increase in the number of osteoclasts in the mandibular condyle. T cell accumulation was observed, and γδ T cell involvement was confirmed. Conclusions In the CAIA model, the TMJ was less sensitive to the initiation of RA. However, the results suggested that it was exacerbated by MS, and that γδ T cells may be involved in TMJ-RA.

Abstract 17220: Effects of the Oral Adsorbent of AST-120 in Patients with both Chronic Heart Failure and Chronic Kidney Disease

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miki Imazu ◽  
Masanori Asakura ◽  
Takuya Hasegawa ◽  
Hiroshi Asanuma ◽  
Shin Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Uremic Toxins ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Uremic Toxin ◽  
Oral Adsorbent

Background: One of uremic toxins, indoxyl sulfate (IS) is related to the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the worse cardiovascular outcomes. We have previously reported the relationship between IS levels and the severity of chronic heart failure (CHF), but the question arises as to whether the treatment of uremic toxin is beneficial in patients with CHF. This study aimed to elucidate whether the treatment with the oral adsorbent which reduces uremic toxin improved the cardiac function of the patients with CHF. Methods: First of all, we retrospectively enrolled 49 patients with both CHF and stage ≤3 CKD in our institute compared with the healthy subjects without CHF or CKD in the resident cohort study of Arita. Secondly, we retrospectively enrolled 16 CHF outpatients with stage 3-5 CKD. They were treated with and without the oral adsorbent of AST-120 for one year termed as the treatment and control groups, respectively. We underwent both blood test and echocardiography before and after the treatment. Results: First of all, among 49 patients in CHF patients, plasma IS levels increased to 1.38 ± 0.84 μg/ml from the value of 0.08 ± 0.06 μg/ml in Arita-cho as a community-living matched with gender and eGFR of CHF patients. We found both fractional shortening (FS) and E/e’, an index of diastolic function were decreased (25.0 ± 12.7%) and increased (13.7 ± 7.5), respectively in CHF patients compared with the value of FS and E/e’ in Arita-cho (FS: 41.8 ± 8.3%, E/e’: 8.8 ± 2.1). Secondly, in the treatment group, the plasma IS levels and the serum creatinine and brain natriuretic peptide levels decreased (1.40 ± 0.17 to 0.92 ± 0.15 μg/ml; p<0.05, 1.91 ± 0.16 to 1.67 ± 0.12 mg/dl; p<0.05, 352 ± 57 to 244 ± 49 pg/ml; p<0.05, respectively) and both FS and E/e’ were improved following the treatment with AST-120 (28.8 ± 2.8 to 32.9 ± 2.6%; p<0.05, 18.0 ± 2.0 to 11.8 ± 1.0; p<0.05). However, these parameters did not change in the control group. Conclusions: The treatment to decrease the blood levels of uremic toxins improved not only renal dysfunction but cardiac systolic and diastolic dysfunction in patients with chronic heart failure. Oral adsorbents might be a new treatment of heart failure especially with diastolic dysfunction.

(deleted)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
MV Osikov ◽  
EV Davydova ◽  
KS Abramov
Keyword(s):  
Bone Healing ◽  
Standard Therapy ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Femoral Shaft ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Fracture Consolidation ◽  
To Receive

Efferent physical therapy holds promise as an adjunct to the combination treatment of femoral fractures in young, working-age individuals. The aim of the study was to investigate the dynamics of bone turnover markers at different stages of femoral fracture consolidation in patients undergoing ozone therapy. The study enrolled 20 men (group 2, 47.8 ± 3.5 years) with a femoral shaft fracture (AO/ASIF 32А, 32В). The control group (group 1, 46.8 ± 3.7 years) comprised 10 healthy males. Subgroup 2a (n = 10) was assigned to receive standard therapy; subgroup 2b (n = 10) was assigned to receive standard therapy complemented by minor autohemotherapy (MAHT) at 20 mg/L ozone concentrations. On days 7, 30 and 90, fracture consolidation was assessed on the RUST scale and blood levels of С-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen (bCTx, pg/ml) and procollagen type I carboxy-terminal propeptide (PICP, ng/ml) were measured. On day 7, the total RUST score in subgroups 2a and 2b was 4 points; on day 30, it was 6.5 and 8.7 points, respectively, and on day 90, it reached 10 and 11.5 points, respectively. Bone mineral density was as high as 90% in the MAHT subgroup vs. 78% in subgroup 2а, indicating faster bone healing. On day 30, bCTx levels in subgroup 2b were higher than in subgroup 2a (2289.4 [2145.3; 2365.4] vs. 1894.6 [1745.3; 2098.2], respectively. On day 7, PICP was significantly elevated in subgroup 2b in comparison with subgroup 2a; its levels peaked on days 30 and 90 (day 30: 268.3 [231.2; 286.3] vs. 183.2 [174.6; 195.6]; day 90: 584.6 [512.3; 589.3] vs. 351.2 [312.3; 369.4]. Thus, MAHT produces a positive effect on the quality and intensity of bone healing in men with isolated closed femoral shaft fractures.

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