scholarly journals A guide for the use of fNIRS in microcephaly associated to congenital Zika virus infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
João Ricardo Sato ◽  
Claudinei Eduardo Biazoli Junior ◽  
Elidianne Layanne Medeiros de Araújo ◽  
Júlia de Souza Rodrigues ◽  
Suellen Marinho Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Cranial Morphology ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Congenital Zika Syndrome ◽  
Common Framework ◽  
Environment Control ◽  
Behavioral Impairments ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

AbstractCongenital Zika Syndrome (CZS) is characterized by changes in cranial morphology associated with heterogeneous neurological manifestations and cognitive and behavioral impairments. In this syndrome, longitudinal neuroimaging could help clinicians to predict developmental trajectories of children and tailor treatment plans accordingly. However, regularly acquiring magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has several shortcomings besides cost, particularly those associated with childrens' clinical presentation as sensitivity to environmental stimuli. The indirect monitoring of local neural activity by non-invasive functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) technique can be a useful alternative for longitudinally accessing the brain function in children with CZS. In order to provide a common framework for advancing longitudinal neuroimaging assessment, we propose a principled guideline for fNIRS acquisition and analyses in children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Based on our experience on collecting fNIRS data in children with CZS we emphasize the methodological challenges, such as clinical characteristics of the sample, desensitization, movement artifacts and environment control, as well as suggestions for tackling such challenges. Finally, metrics based on fNIRS can be associated with established clinical metrics, thereby opening possibilities for exploring this tool as a long-term predictor when assessing the effectiveness of treatments aimed at children with severe neurodevelopmental disorders.

scholarly journals Residential MRI: Development of A Mobile Anywhere-Everywhere MRI Lab

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean CL Deoni ◽  
Paul Medeiros ◽  
Alexandra T. Deoni ◽  
Phoebe Burton ◽  
Jennifer Beauchemin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Healthcare Access ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Imaging Center ◽  
Low Field ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Doctor's Office ◽  
Low Magnetic Field ◽  
First Time

Abstract Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables unprecedented visualization of brain and central nervous system anatomy, microstructure, function, and physiology. However, unlike electroencephalography (EEG) or functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), which can be used within a doctor’s office, research laboratory, or at a participant’s home, MRI remains a hospital or center-based modality. The need for patients or research participants to travel to the scanner limits overall healthcare access and potentially biases research study populations. The recent introduction of low magnetic field strength, lightweight, and portable MRI systems offer the potential to extend beyond these traditional hospital and imaging center boundaries. Here we describe the development and deployment of a mobile imaging lab in a modified cargo van that incorporates a removable low field permanent magnet MRI system. The mobile lab allows, for the first time, rapid and routine ‘residential’ MRI that can be performed at home, community center, school, etc. Breaking traditional barriers of access, this mobile approach will enable imaging of patients and participants who have mobility challenges, live long distances from imaging centers, or are otherwise unable to travel to an imaging center or hospital.

scholarly journals The neurodevelopmental basis of humor appreciation: A fNIRS study of young children

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0259422
Author(s):  
Naama Mayseless ◽  
Allan L. Reiss
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
Humor Appreciation

Humor is crucial for social development. Despite this, very few studies have examined the neurodevelopment of humor in very young children, and none to date have used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to study this important cognitive construct. The main aim of the current study was to characterize the neural basis of humor processing in young children between the ages of 6–8 years. Thirty-five healthy children (6–8 years old) watched funny and neutral video clips while undergoing fNIRS imaging. We observed activation increases in left temporo-occipito-parietal junction (TOPJ), inferior-parietal lobe (IPL), dorsolateral-prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and superior parietal lobe (SPL) regions. Activation in left TOPJ was positively correlated with age. In addition, we found that coherence increased in humor viewing compared to neutral content, mainly between remote regions. This effect was different for boys and girls, as boys showed a more pronounced increase in coherence for funny compared to neutral videos, more so in frontoparietal networks. These results expand our understanding of the neurodevelopment of humor by highlighting the effect of age on the neural basis of humor appreciation as well as emphasizing different developmental trajectories of boys and girls.

scholarly journals Developmental Factors That Predict Head Movement During Resting-State fMRI in Preschool-Age Children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chelsea A. Johnson ◽  
Emily O. Garnett ◽  
Ho Ming Chow ◽  
Gregory J. Spray ◽  
David C. Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Head Movement ◽  
Effortful Control ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy

Abstract Background: Early childhood marks a period of dynamic neurocognitive development. The preschool age coincides with the onset of many childhood disorders and is a developmental period that is frequently studied to determine markers of neurodevelopmental disorders. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is often used to explore typical brain development and the neural bases of neurodevelopmental disorders. One advantage of MRI is that it provides comprehensive imaging data with high spatial resolution that is not possible with “child-friendly” techniques such as electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). However, acquiring high-quality MRI data in young children is challenging. The enclosed space and loud sounds can trigger unease and cause excessive head movement. A better understanding of potential factors that predict successful MRI acquisition would increase chances of collecting useable data in children with and without neurodevelopmental disorders.Methods: We investigated whether age, sex, stuttering status, and childhood temperament as measured using the Child Behavioral Questionnaire, could predict movement extent during resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) in 76 children aged 3 to 7 years, including 42 children who stutter (CWS). Results: The CWS did not differ significantly from controls in temperament or head movement during scanning. Boys exhibited significantly more movement than girls, and younger age was a consistent predictor of increased movement, unless temperament was considered. Effortful control and negative affectivity significantly predicted movement especially in young boys. Conclusions: Considering temperament, age, and sex may help predict the success of acquiring useable rs-fMRI data in young children and inform future studies developing better desensitization techniques for pediatric MR neuroimaging.

A Study of Frontal Signals in Brain Computer Interfaces: Interpretation of EEG & FNIRS

2020 ◽  
pp. 136-142
Author(s):  
S. Srilekha ◽  
B. Vanathi
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Healthy Subject ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Brain Computer Interfaces ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Computer Interfaces ◽  
Rehabilitation Devices

This paper focuses on electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) comparison to help the rehabilitation patients. Both methods have unique techniques and placement of electrodes. Usage of signals are different in application based on the economic conditions. This study helps in choosing the signal for the betterment of analysis. Ten healthy subject datasets of EEG & FNIRS are taken and applied to plot topography separately. Accuracy, Sensitivity, peaks, integral areas, etc are compared and plotted. The main advantages of this study are to prompt their necessities in the analysis of rehabilitation devices to manage their life as a typical individual.

61-LB: Use of Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) to Assess Cognitive Effort in KATP-Related Neonatal Diabetes (KATP-NDM)

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 61-LB
Author(s):  
LISA R. LETOURNEAU-FREIBERG ◽  
KIMBERLY L. MEIDENBAUER ◽  
ANNA M. DENSON ◽  
PERSEPHONE TIAN ◽  
KYOUNG WHAN CHOE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Neonatal Diabetes ◽  
Cognitive Effort ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy

Making social neuroscience less WEIRD: Using fNIRS to measure neural signatures of persuasive influence in a Middle East participant sample

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Burns ◽  
Lianne N. Barnes ◽  
Ian A. McCulloh ◽  
Munqith M. Dagher ◽  
Emily B. Falk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Social Neuroscience ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Neuroscience Research ◽  
Neuropsychological Functions ◽  
Arabic Speaking

The large majority of social neuroscience research uses WEIRD populations – participants from Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic locations. This makes it difficult to claim whether neuropsychological functions are universal or culture specific. In this study, we demonstrate one approach to addressing the imbalance by using portable neuroscience equipment in a study of persuasion conducted in Jordan with an Arabic-speaking sample. Participants were shown persuasive videos on various health and safety topics while their brain activity was measured using functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Self-reported persuasiveness ratings for each video were then recorded. Consistent with previous research conducted with American subjects, this work found that activity in the dorsomedial and ventromedial prefrontal cortex predicted how persuasive participants found the videos and how much they intended to engage in the messages’ endorsed behaviors. Further, activity in the left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex was associated with persuasiveness ratings, but only in participants for whom the message was personally relevant. Implications for these results on the understanding of the brain basis of persuasion and on future directions for neuroimaging in diverse populations are discussed.

The Use of fNIRS for Unique Contributions to Social and Affective Neuroscience

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Burns ◽  
Matthew D. Lieberman
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Affective Neuroscience ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Psychological Experience ◽  
The World ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Meaningful Interaction

Social and affective neuroscience studies the neurophysiological underpinnings of psychological experience and behavior as it relates to the world around us. Yet, most neuroimaging methods require the removal of participants from their rich environment and the restriction of meaningful interaction with stimuli. In this Tools of the Trade article, we explain functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) as a neuroimaging method that can address these concerns. First, we provide an overview of how fNIRS works and how it compares to other neuroimaging methods common in social and affective neuroscience. Next, we describe fNIRS research that highlights its usefulness to the field – when rich stimuli engagement or environment embedding is needed, studies of social interaction, and examples of how it can help the field become more diverse and generalizable across participant populations. Lastly, this article describes how to use fNIRS for neuroimaging research with points of advice that are particularly relevant to social and affective neuroscience studies.

scholarly journals Episodic Memory Encoding and Retrieval in Face-Name Paired Paradigm: An fNIRS Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 951
Author(s):  
Qian Yu ◽  
Boris Cheval ◽  
Benjamin Becker ◽  
Fabian Herold ◽  
Chetwyn C. H. Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Associate Learning ◽  
Brodmann Areas ◽  
Parietal Cortices ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
Encoding And Retrieval

Background: Episodic memory (EM) is particularly sensitive to pathological conditions and aging. In a neurocognitive context, the paired-associate learning (PAL) paradigm, which requires participants to learn and recall associations between stimuli, has been used to measure EM. The present study aimed to explore whether functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) can be employed to determine cortical activity underlying encoding and retrieval. Moreover, we examined whether and how different aspects of task (i.e., novelty, difficulty) affects those cortical activities. Methods: Twenty-two male college students (age: M = 20.55, SD = 1.62) underwent a face-name PAL paradigm under 40-channel fNIRS covering fronto-parietal and middle occipital regions. Results: A decreased activity during encoding in a broad network encompassing the bilateral frontal cortex (Brodmann areas 9, 11, 45, and 46) was observed during the encoding, while an increased activity in the left orbitofrontal cortex (Brodmann area 11) was observed during the retrieval. Increased HbO concentration in the superior parietal cortices and decreased HbO concentration in the inferior parietal cortices were observed during encoding while dominant activation of left PFC was found during retrieval only. Higher task difficulty was associated with greater neural activity in the bilateral prefrontal cortex and higher task novelty was associated with greater activation in occipital regions. Conclusion: Combining the PAL paradigm with fNIRS provided the means to differentiate neural activity characterising encoding and retrieval. Therefore, the fNIRS may have the potential to complete EM assessments in clinical settings.

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