scholarly journals Oral administration of E-type prostanoid (EP) 1 receptor antagonist suppresses carcinogenesis and development of prostate cancer via upregulation of apoptosis in an animal model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahito Masato ◽  
Yasuyoshi Miyata ◽  
Hiroki Kurata ◽  
Hidenori Ito ◽  
Kensuke Mitsunari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Control ◽  
Ep1 Receptor ◽  
Ep Receptor ◽  
Carcinogenic Effects ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Experimental Group

AbstractProstaglandin E2 plays an important role in carcinogenesis and malignant potential of prostate cancer (PC) cells by binding to its specific receptors, E-type prostanoid (EP) receptors. However, anti-carcinogenic effects of the EP receptor antagonist are unclear. In this study, we used a mouse model of PC. The mice were provided standard feed (control) or feed containing the EP1 receptor antagonist and were sacrificed at 10, 15, 30, and 52 weeks of age. Apoptosis was evaluated by immunohistochemical analysis using a cleaved caspase-3 assay. The incidence of cancer in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group at 15, 30, and 52 weeks of age. The percentage of poorly differentiated PC cells was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group at 30 and 52 weeks of age. The percentage of apoptotic cells in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group at 15, 30, and 52 weeks of age. These findings indicate that feeding with the addition of EP1 receptor antagonist delayed PC progression via the upregulation of apoptosis. We suggest that the EP1 receptor antagonist may be a novel chemopreventive agent for PC.

scholarly journals Oral administration of E-type prostanoid (EP) 1 receptor antagonist suppresses carcinogenesis and development of prostate cancer via upregulation of apoptosis in an animal model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuyoshi Miyata ◽  
Masahito Masato ◽  
Kensuke Mitsunari ◽  
Akihiro Asai ◽  
Yuichiro Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ep1 Receptor ◽  
Ep Receptor ◽  
Carcinogenic Effects ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Specific Receptors ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Prostaglandin E2 plays important roles in carcinogenesis and malignant potential of prostate cancer (PC) by binding to its specific receptors, E-type prostanoid (EP) receptors. However, anti-carcinogenic effects of EP receptor antagonist are not clear. In this study, feed with or without EP1 receptor antagonist were given to a mouse model of prostate cancer. The mice were sacrificed at 10, 15, 30, and 52 weeks of age. Apoptosis was evaluated by immunohistochemical analysis using cleaved caspase-3. The incidence of cancer in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group at 15, 30, and 52 weeks of age. The percentage of poorly differentiated PC cells was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group at 30 and 52 weeks of age. The survival period in the experimental group was significantly longer than that in the control group, and the percentage of apoptotic cells in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group at 15, 30, and 52 weeks of age. Thus, an EP1 receptor antagonist delayed PC progression via the upregulation of apoptosis. We suggest that EP1 receptor may be a novel chemopreventive agent for the development of PC.

The effectiveness of use of enterosorbent Shelltic Es when rearing of young pigs

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
S. Grikshas ◽  
N. Kulmakova ◽  
K. Spitsyna ◽  
A. Dar’in ◽  
T. Mittelshtein
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Feed Digestibility ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Carcinogenic Effects ◽  
Experimental Group

Mycotoxins have been formed in feed are secondary metabolites of fungi and are quite stable substances that have teratogenic, mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. An effective way to combat mycotoxins in feed is the use of feed additives that adsorb toxins, prevent their absorption in the gastrointestinal tract of the animal and are excreted from the body. The infl uence of coconut enterosorbent Shelltic Es on fattening and meat qualities of young pigs has been studied. It has been found in the process of fattening that the highest feed digestibility was in pigs of the experimental group, in the diet of which enterosorbent has been added. The results of studies of the chemical composition and technological properties of pork have been provided. The positive eff ect of enterosorbent on precocity, absolute average daily gain of live weight and reduction of feed expenditures per 1 kg of gain has been revealed. In pigs from the experimental group the average thickness of the fat was higher and the area of the “muscle eye” was lower compared with animals of the control group, which indicates that higher rates of carcass yield have been obtained due to faster accumulation of fat tissue. The weight of internal organs of pigs indicates the intensity of metabolic processes in the body. In experimental animals the weight of the lungs was 0,1 kg lower, and the liver and heart were higher by 0,13 and 0,01 kg, respectively. Enterosorbent had no effect on the content of vitamins in the liver of pigs of the compared groups. The content of impurities of organochlorine toxicants and toxic elements in the meat and liver of animals of the experimental group was lower than that of control analogues. Therefore, the use of enterosorbent Shelltic Es promotes more active excretion of them from the body.

Radiation Proctitis: The Potential Role of Hyaluronic Acid in the Prevention and Restoration of Any Damage to the Rectal Mucosa among Prostate Cancer Patients Submitted to Curative External Beam Radiotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 446-455
Author(s):  
Gianluca Ferini ◽  
Antonella Tripoli ◽  
Vincenza Umina ◽  
Giuseppina Rita Borzì ◽  
Valentina Anna Marchese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Radiation Proctitis ◽  
Dose Fractionation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Median Dose ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

Aim: To evaluate if hyaluronic acid reduces proctitis episodes with respect to corticosteroids in prostate cancer patients submitted to radical or adjuvant radiotherapy. Methods: A consecutive series of eligible patients received hyaluronic acid enemas as supportive care (experimental group, from January 2013 to June 2015). A historical group (control group), treated from October 2011 to December 2012, received beclomethasone dipropionate suppositories. We registered each patient’s data regarding acute and chronic proctitis. All patients were treated with static-intensity-modulated radiotherapy coupled to a daily set-up verification with orthogonal anterior–posterior/lateral X-ray pairs. Results: A total of 269 patients, 175 in the experimental group and 94 in the control group, was evaluated; 2 Gy/day (up to a total median dose of 80 Gy) and 2.7 Gy/day (up to a total median dose of 67.5 Gy) fractionation schemes were used for 216 and 53 patients, respectively. All patients had a good tolerance to radiotherapy, reporting no G3 or greater proctitis. No significant difference was reported concerning the total rate of proctitis between the two groups but only with respect to its grade: a higher G2 rate within the control group. There was no correlation between daily dose fractionation and toxicity grade. Conclusions: Hyaluronic acid enemas might be effective in reducing the severity of radiation proctitis.

scholarly journals Immunohistochemical Analysis of the Expression of the Glycodelin Cytokine in Endometrial Tissue and the Endometrial Polyp, Before and After Hysteroscopy, in Infertile Female Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Dević ◽  
Ana Dević ◽  
Marija Šorak ◽  
Goran Zajić ◽  
Slobodanka Mitrović
Keyword(s):  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Endometrial Tissue ◽  
Endometrial Polyp ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Immunohistochemical Expression ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Infertile Patients

Abstract An endometrial polyp is most commonly a benign, localized proliferation of the glands and the endometrial stroma, covered with epithelium and protruding above the level of the mucosa. These polyps are most often diagnosed during investigation into the causes of irregular menstrual bleeding or infertility. It is produced in the highest concentration during the secretory phase of the endometrial cycle. The level of glycodelin reaches its peak 12 days after ovulation. The aim of this paper was to determine the changes in the immunohistochemical expression of glycodelin at the level of the endometrium and in the tissue of the polyp, before and after hysteroscopic polypectomy, in infertile female patients with an endometrial polyp, and in the endometrial tissue of female patients without an endometrial polyp. The study included 82 infertile female patients. The infertile patients were divided into two groups. The first was the experimental group which included 56 infertile female patients who had an endometrial polyp. The second group was the control group, composed of 26 infertile female patients who did not have an endometrial polyp. The results obtained primarily indicate the existence of changes in the immunohistochemical expression of the cytokine glycodelin in the female patients from both the experimental and the control group, not only prior to but also after hysteroscopy. A larger number of patients who have an endometrial polyp show a lack of glycodelin expression, more pronouncedly so in the bioptate of the endometrium than in the endometrial polyp.

scholarly journals Osteopromotion Capacity of Bovine Cortical Membranes in Critical Defects of Rat Calvaria: Histological and Immunohistochemical Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Ferrairo Danieletto-Zanna ◽  
Vinícius Ferreira Bizelli ◽  
Guilherme André Del Arco Ramires ◽  
Tamires Melo Francatti ◽  
Paulo Sérgio Perri de Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Clot ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Collagen Membrane ◽  
Rat Calvaria ◽  
Experimental Group

Membranes that aid the guided bone regeneration (GBR) process have been the subject of studies of compatible biomaterials that contribute to this repair process. The present study compared different membranes used in critical-size defects of rat calvaria by assessing GBR as well as histological, histomorphometric, and immunohistochemical reactions. Forty-eight male albino Wistar rats were randomly allocated into four groups (n = 12 each), namely, C: membrane-free control group (only blood clot, negative control group); BG: porcine collagen membrane group (Bio-Gide®, positive control group); GD: bovine cortical membrane group (first experimental group); and GDF: thicker bovine cortical membrane group (second experimental group). Rats were euthanized at 30 and 60 days postoperatively. Quantitative data from the histometric analysis were submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s posttest when p<0.05. Histomorphometric results of the thicker bovine cortical membrane at 30 and 60 days were promising, showing improved new bone formation values (p<0.05), and the CD group presented similar results in both analysis periods, being surpassed only by the GDF group (p<0.05). The immunohistochemical results were associated with the histomorphometric data. A less-thick membrane also assisted in GBR. All membranes promoted GBR, especially the positive control and experimental groups.

scholarly journals ASSOCIATION OF EXPRESSION OF NFKB1, HIF1, VEGFA, VEGFВ, BAX, BCL2 GENES WITH BIOCHEMICAL REMEDIATION IN PATIENTS WITH LOCALIZED PROSTATE CANCER

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
Ph. S. Bova ◽  
O. I. Kit ◽  
A. Yu. Maksimov
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Biochemical Recurrence ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Localized Prostate Cancer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cancer Tissue ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Bcl2 Gene

Aim. To identify the association of NFKB1, HIF1, VEGFA, VEGFB, BAX, BCL2 gene expression in prostate adenocarcinoma cells with biochemical recurrence of localized prostate cancer. Patients and methods. Three groups of patients were formed in the study – the main one, the comparison group and the control group. In patients with prostate cancer (PC) in the main group (n = 56) with biochemical recurrence (BR) for two years after radical surgery, as well as in 60 patients without BR (experimental group) by real-time PCR in prostate cancer tissue the expression of genes NFKB1, HIF1, VEGFA, VEGFВ, BAX, BCL2 was determined. The control group consisted of 55 patients in whom, when performing diagnostic punctures for benign prostate tumors, biopsy specimens were taken in healthy tissues. The age of patients in the three groups ranged from 57 to 74 years (median 63 years). When quantifying expression of genes NFKB1, HIF1, VEGFA, VEGFВ, BAX, BCL2, the difference in the values of reaction threshold cycles (Ct) fixed for the studied and reference genes was determined. The relative level (Expr) was the ratio of Ct medians for each gene in two compared groups of the studied three ones: in the main group to the indicator in the control group, in the experimental group to the indicator in the control group, and also between the main group and the experimental group. Results. A comparative analysis of gene expression in prostate cancer tissue in the main group compared with the experimental group showed a statistically significant increase (p < 0,05) in the relative index for the HIF1 gene (2,7 times), the VEGFA gene (2,4 times ) and the NFKB1 gene (2 times). Consequently, in patients with localized early recurrence prostate cancer, initially in the prostate tissue, a higher level of expression of the NFKB1, HIF1 and VEGFA genes was established. In the experimental group relative to the control group, the expression of the proapoptic gene BAX was 1,6 times higher (p < 0,05), and for the antiapoptic gene BCL2 no changes were detected (p = 0,09). Thus, in patients with localized prostate cancer in the absence of BR, after radical prostatectomy, an initial increase in the expression of the BAX gene promoted the activation of apoptosis. In patients with localized prostate cancer, subsequent biochemical recurrence initially in the tissue of prostate adenocarcinoma inhibition of apoptosis due to increased expression of the BCL2 gene was observed. Conclusion. Enhancement of NFKB1, VEGFA, HIF1 and BCL2 gene expression in prostate tissue is associated with the development of BR in patients with localized prostate cancer.

scholarly journals Application of Rapid Rehabilitation Nursing in Perioperative Period of Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy for Prostate Cancer Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Huimin Liu ◽  
Ke Yang ◽  
Fanghua Gong ◽  
Yan Wu ◽  
Sanhui Tang
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Radical Prostatectomy ◽  
Perioperative Period ◽  
Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stress Hormone ◽  
Hospitalization Costs ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Length Of Hospitalization

The purpose of the study is to explore the application of rapid rehabilitation nursing strategy in the perioperative period of laparoscopic radical prostatectomy for patients with prostate cancer. A total of 120 patients with prostate cancer undergoing laparoscopic radical prostatectomy were randomly divided into two groups, with 60 cases per group. The control group was given routine nursing care, and the experimental group received rapid rehabilitation nursing strategies. The stress hormone (cortisol and norepinephrine) levels, patient satisfaction, length of hospitalization, hospitalization costs, and postoperative complication were compared between the two groups before and after nursing. The serum cortisol and norepinephrine levels in the control group before nursing were similar to those in the experimental group ( P > 0.05 ). The stress hormone levels in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group ( P < 0.05 ). It was found that the experimental group had reduced operation time, less intraoperative blood loss, shortened exhaust time, and hospitalization stay and was earlier to eat and to get out of bed than the control group ( P < 0.05 ). The time for the patients in the experimental group to pull out the drainage tube was significantly shorter than that of the control group ( P < 0.05 ), and the hospitalization costs were fewer than the control group ( P < 0.05 ). The rates of postoperative complications including nausea, vomiting, bleeding, and fever in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P < 0.05 ). In conclusion, the study suggests that rapid rehabilitation nursing strategies can reduce the stress hormone levels, shorten the length of hospitalization, reduce hospitalization costs, reduce postoperative complication rates, and improve patient satisfaction for prostate cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic radical prostatectomy, in support of clinical application.

Effect of experimentally induced hypothyroidism during gestation period on activity dependent neurotrophic factor (ADNF) in newborn rat brain tissue

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gökhan Cesur ◽  
Mehtap Kılıç Eren ◽  
Erdal Eren ◽  
Kemal Ergin ◽  
Rauf Onur Ek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Neonatal Rats ◽  
Notch 1 ◽  
Slug Expression ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Activity Dependent ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

Abstract Purpose The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of prenatal hypothyroidism on neonatal rats by the way of activity-dependent neuroprotective factor (ADNF) expression. Methods Twenty-one Wistar albino neonatal rats were divided into two subgroups; a control group and neonatal rats with experimental maternal hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism was induced by using propylthiouracil (PTU). Neonatal rats obtained PTU from breast milk continuously for 1 week after birth. The rats from the control group were fed only normal feed and water. After birth, body weight and blood thyroid hormone levels were tested. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), Slug, Numb, Notch-1 and ADNF antibodies were used for immunohistochemical analysis. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting analyses were used to evaluate ADNF gene expression levels from 1-week-old rat’s brain. Results There was no difference between the two groups for birth weights. The thyroxine (T4) level from the experimental group was <0.4 ng/mL, and it was 0.8 ng/mL for the control group. It was shown that, the results from the experimental group samples had significantly lower ADNF mRNA levels than control group (p < 0.05). The increase from GFAP and Numb expression and decrease from Slug expression were shown in the experimental group. Local differences were identified for ADNF and a decrease was shown in both sides of brain. There was no difference for Notch-1 expression for both groups. Conclusion In this study, decreasing ADNF expression might contribute to developing neurological problems in congenital hypothyroidism.

scholarly journals The application of polypropylene mesh for testicular prosthesis in surgical castration for patients with prostate cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao-Hui Xia ◽  
Wei Huang ◽  
Chun-Xiao Yu ◽  
Bo Kong ◽  
Rui Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Polypropylene Mesh ◽  
Advanced Prostate Cancer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
New Material ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Background To explore whether a polypropylene mesh is suitable for application as a new material for testicular prostheses. Methods The data of 65 patients with advanced prostate cancer who underwent surgical castration in hospital were collected and analyzed. Patients who preferred to undergo traditional orchidectomy (n = 16) were assigned to the control group, and patients who underwent subcapsular orchiectomy plus implantation of a polypropylene mesh testicular prosthesis (n = 49) were assigned to the experimental group. The presence of hematoma, infection, and other complications in patients in these two groups were investigated at 3 and 12 months following the surgery. The patients were also followed up using a self-designed testicular castration satisfaction questionnaire. Results A higher score indicated greater satisfaction. The mean score was 15.33 ± 2.85 in the experimental group and 4.63 ± 1.45 in the control group at 3 months after the surgery. The mean score was 14.92 ± 1.74 in the experimental group and 4.25 ± 1.61 in the control group at 12 months after the surgery. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant at the two time points (P < 0.01). Conclusions Compared with orchidectomy alone, patients were more satisfied with subcapsular orchiectomy plus the implantation of a polypropylene mesh testicular prosthesis for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer. Furthermore, the polypropylene mesh testicular prosthesis maintained its original character over the duration of the study, with a good long-term effect. Thus, implantation of a polypropylene mesh testicular prosthesis is indicated to be safe and effective, and polypropylene mesh is potentially useful as a new material for testicular prostheses.

The Effect of Logotherapy on Death Anxity, Pain Catastrophizing, Pain Acceptance, and Pain Intensity in Patients With Prostate Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-225
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Haghdoost ◽  
◽  
Naser Saraj Khoami ◽  
Behnam Makvandi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Death Anxiety ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Treatment Center ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pain Acceptance ◽  
Experimental Group

Background and Objectives: This study investigated the effectiveness of logotherapy on death anxiety, pain catastrophizing, pain acceptance, and severity of pain in prostate cancer patients. Subjects and Methods : The research design was an experimental pretest-posttest with a control group. At first, 40 hospitalized men in a treatment center were selected by using the purposive sampling method. The experimental group was treated for eight 45-minute sessions by training logotherapy. All subjects completed the questionnaire at the beginning of the study, immediately after the intervention, and one month after the treatment (one-month follow-up). For data analysis, 1-way analysis of variance was used. Results The results indicated that logotherapy in the experimental group was more effective than the control group in reducing death anxiety, pain catastrophizing, pain acceptance, and severity of pain in prostate cancer patients. The follow-up results also showed that the effect of logotherapy was sustained on death anxiety, pain catastrophizing, pain acceptance, and severity of pain in prostate cancer patients. Conclusion The results showed that Logotherapy has an effect on death anxiety, pain catastrophe, pain acceptance and pain intensity in patients with prostate cancer

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